Oxidative stress may be the unifying factor for the injury caused by hyperglycemia in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Puerarin is the major isoflavonoid derived from Radix puerariae and has been shown to be effective ...Oxidative stress may be the unifying factor for the injury caused by hyperglycemia in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Puerarin is the major isoflavonoid derived from Radix puerariae and has been shown to be effective in increasing superoxide dismutase activity. This study sought to investigate the neuroprotective effect of puerarin on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and Schwann cell apoptosis in vitro. Intracellular reactive oxygen radicals and mitochondrial transmembrane potential were detected by flow cytometry analysis. Apoptosis was confirmed by TUNEL and oxidative stress was monitored using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the DNA marker 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine. The expression levels of bax and bcl-2 were analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR, while protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 and -9 were analyzed by means of western blotting. Results suggested that puerarin treatment inhibited high glucose-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, puerarin treatment downregulated Bax expression, upregulated bcl-2 expression and attenuated the activation of caspase-3 and -9. Overall, our results indicated that puerarin antagonized high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in Schwann cells.展开更多
This study examined the effects of melatonin on leptin-induced changes in sperm parameters in adult rats. Five groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either leptin or leptin and melatonin or melatonin for 6 w...This study examined the effects of melatonin on leptin-induced changes in sperm parameters in adult rats. Five groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either leptin or leptin and melatonin or melatonin for 6 weeks. Leptin was given daily via the intraperitoneal route （60 μg kg-1 body weight） and melatonin was given in drinking water （10 mg kg-1 or 20 mg kg-1 body weight per day）. Upon completion, sperm count, sperm morphology, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, Comet assay, TUNEL assay, gene expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes, respiratory chain reaction enzymes, DNA damage, and apoptosis genes were estimated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Sperm count was significantly lower whereas the fraction of sperm with abnormal morphology, the level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, and sperm DNA fragmentation were significantly higher in rats treated with leptin only. Micmarray analysis revealed significant upregulation of apoptosis-inducing factor, histone acetyl transferase, respiratory chain reaction enzyme, cell necrosis and DNA repair genes, and downregulation of antioxidant enzyme genes in leptin-treated rats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction showed significant decreases in glutathione peroxidase 1 expression with increases in the expression of apoptosis-inducing factor and histone acetyl transferase in leptin-treated rats. There was no change in the gene expression of caspase-3 （CASP-3）. In conclusion, the adverse effects of leptin on sperm can be prevented by concurrent melatonin administration.展开更多
目的探讨8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)以及炎症因子在胃食管反流病(GERD)合并心房颤动(AF)患者食管黏膜中的表达及其在AF发生中的意义。方法按照纳入、排除标准选取2017年1月至2018年11月间在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的90例患者设为研...目的探讨8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)以及炎症因子在胃食管反流病(GERD)合并心房颤动(AF)患者食管黏膜中的表达及其在AF发生中的意义。方法按照纳入、排除标准选取2017年1月至2018年11月间在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的90例患者设为研究组。同期完成体检的23例健康受试者设为对照组。研究组均行24 h动态心电图、24 h pH值监测、高分辨率食管测压监测并内镜下取食管齿状线上3 cm处的局部黏膜作为标本,后续采用HE染色、免疫组化、RT-PCR、ELISA等方法分析组织炎症程度、氧化损伤标记物8-OHdG及炎症因子[单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)、白细胞介素(IL)-8、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α]的表达及血清浓度。结果根据患者的临床表现,内镜及24 h动态心电图检查,将其分为GERD合并AF组(AF组)、GERD不合并AF组(非AF组)和对照组。食管24 h pH监测比较显示,AF组弱酸反流(40.05)。光镜下观察发现,对照组黏膜组织形态基本完整,未见水肿或中性粒细胞等免疫细胞的浸润;非AF组可见中度中性粒细胞的浸润和炎症反应;而AF组食管黏膜组织出现不同程度的中性粒细胞,嗜酸性粒细胞等免疫细胞的浸润、乳头延长、水肿等炎症性改变。AF组炎症评分达到高峰,并显著高于非AF组(P<0.01)。免疫组化结果发现,对照组8-OHdG主要表达在食管上皮层、黏膜及黏膜下层,而AF组8-OHdG的表达几乎覆盖全层黏膜,表示严重的组织氧化损伤。RT-PCR和ELISA实验发现,与对照组相比,8-OHdG、MCP-1、IL-8、TNF-α的mRNA相对表达量以及其血清浓度,在非AF组和AF组中明显上升,且AF组中达到高峰,三组之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Pearson相关性分析得出,AF组中8-OHdG血清浓度分别与Demeester评分及MCP-1、IL-8、TNF-α血清浓度之间具有正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论 8-OHdG以及炎症因子(MCP-1、IL-8、TNF-α)在GERD合并AF患者食管黏膜的表达及血清浓度显著展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30973354
文摘Oxidative stress may be the unifying factor for the injury caused by hyperglycemia in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Puerarin is the major isoflavonoid derived from Radix puerariae and has been shown to be effective in increasing superoxide dismutase activity. This study sought to investigate the neuroprotective effect of puerarin on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and Schwann cell apoptosis in vitro. Intracellular reactive oxygen radicals and mitochondrial transmembrane potential were detected by flow cytometry analysis. Apoptosis was confirmed by TUNEL and oxidative stress was monitored using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the DNA marker 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine. The expression levels of bax and bcl-2 were analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR, while protein expression of cleaved caspase-3 and -9 were analyzed by means of western blotting. Results suggested that puerarin treatment inhibited high glucose-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, puerarin treatment downregulated Bax expression, upregulated bcl-2 expression and attenuated the activation of caspase-3 and -9. Overall, our results indicated that puerarin antagonized high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in Schwann cells.
文摘This study examined the effects of melatonin on leptin-induced changes in sperm parameters in adult rats. Five groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either leptin or leptin and melatonin or melatonin for 6 weeks. Leptin was given daily via the intraperitoneal route （60 μg kg-1 body weight） and melatonin was given in drinking water （10 mg kg-1 or 20 mg kg-1 body weight per day）. Upon completion, sperm count, sperm morphology, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, Comet assay, TUNEL assay, gene expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes, respiratory chain reaction enzymes, DNA damage, and apoptosis genes were estimated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. Sperm count was significantly lower whereas the fraction of sperm with abnormal morphology, the level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, and sperm DNA fragmentation were significantly higher in rats treated with leptin only. Micmarray analysis revealed significant upregulation of apoptosis-inducing factor, histone acetyl transferase, respiratory chain reaction enzyme, cell necrosis and DNA repair genes, and downregulation of antioxidant enzyme genes in leptin-treated rats. Real-time polymerase chain reaction showed significant decreases in glutathione peroxidase 1 expression with increases in the expression of apoptosis-inducing factor and histone acetyl transferase in leptin-treated rats. There was no change in the gene expression of caspase-3 （CASP-3）. In conclusion, the adverse effects of leptin on sperm can be prevented by concurrent melatonin administration.
文摘目的探讨8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)以及炎症因子在胃食管反流病(GERD)合并心房颤动(AF)患者食管黏膜中的表达及其在AF发生中的意义。方法按照纳入、排除标准选取2017年1月至2018年11月间在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的90例患者设为研究组。同期完成体检的23例健康受试者设为对照组。研究组均行24 h动态心电图、24 h pH值监测、高分辨率食管测压监测并内镜下取食管齿状线上3 cm处的局部黏膜作为标本,后续采用HE染色、免疫组化、RT-PCR、ELISA等方法分析组织炎症程度、氧化损伤标记物8-OHdG及炎症因子[单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)、白细胞介素(IL)-8、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α]的表达及血清浓度。结果根据患者的临床表现,内镜及24 h动态心电图检查,将其分为GERD合并AF组(AF组)、GERD不合并AF组(非AF组)和对照组。食管24 h pH监测比较显示,AF组弱酸反流(40.05)。光镜下观察发现,对照组黏膜组织形态基本完整,未见水肿或中性粒细胞等免疫细胞的浸润;非AF组可见中度中性粒细胞的浸润和炎症反应;而AF组食管黏膜组织出现不同程度的中性粒细胞,嗜酸性粒细胞等免疫细胞的浸润、乳头延长、水肿等炎症性改变。AF组炎症评分达到高峰,并显著高于非AF组(P<0.01)。免疫组化结果发现,对照组8-OHdG主要表达在食管上皮层、黏膜及黏膜下层,而AF组8-OHdG的表达几乎覆盖全层黏膜,表示严重的组织氧化损伤。RT-PCR和ELISA实验发现,与对照组相比,8-OHdG、MCP-1、IL-8、TNF-α的mRNA相对表达量以及其血清浓度,在非AF组和AF组中明显上升,且AF组中达到高峰,三组之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Pearson相关性分析得出,AF组中8-OHdG血清浓度分别与Demeester评分及MCP-1、IL-8、TNF-α血清浓度之间具有正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论 8-OHdG以及炎症因子(MCP-1、IL-8、TNF-α)在GERD合并AF患者食管黏膜的表达及血清浓度显著
