Based on the glacier area variation records in the typical regions of China moni-tored by remote sensing, as well as the meteorological data of air temperature and precipitation from 139 stations and the 0℃ isotherm ...Based on the glacier area variation records in the typical regions of China moni-tored by remote sensing, as well as the meteorological data of air temperature and precipitation from 139 stations and the 0℃ isotherm height from 28 stations, the glacier area shrinkage in China and its climatic background in the past half century was discussed. The initial glacier area calculated in this study was 23,982 km2 in the 1960s/1970s, but the present area was only 21,893 km2 in the 2000s. The area-weighted shrinking rate of glacier was 10.1%, and the interpolated annual percentage of area changes （APAC） of glacier was 0.3% a–1 since 1960. The high APAC was found at the Ili River Basin and the Junggar Interior Basin around the Tianshan Mountains, the Ob River Basin around the Altay Mountains, the Hexi Interior Basin around the Qilian Mountains, etc. The retreat of glacier was affected by the climatic background, and the influence on glacier of the slight-increased precipitation was counteracted by the significant warming in summer.展开更多
Based on the radiosonde data observed at 14 stations in Southwest China from 1960 to 2010, as well as the corresponding surface air temperature, the long-term change of free-air 0℃ isotherm height in Southwest China ...Based on the radiosonde data observed at 14 stations in Southwest China from 1960 to 2010, as well as the corresponding surface air temperature, the long-term change of free-air 0℃ isotherm height in Southwest China and the relationships between surface air temperature and 0℃ isotherm height are discussed. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of 0℃ isotherm height is generally related with latitude, but the huge massif or plateau may complicate the latitude pattern. The two main regimes influencing the spatial patterns of 0℃ isotherm height in Southwest China are latitude and huge massif. The annual 0℃ isotherm height has increased by 35 m per decade in the recent decades, which is statistically significant at the 0.001 level. Generally, the increasing trend can be examined for each seasonal series, especially in winter （53 m per decade）. The diversity of trend magnitudes for annual and seasonal series can also be detected at a spatial view, but generally 0℃ isotherm height correlated well with surface air temperature.展开更多
应用河西走廊敦煌、酒泉、张掖、民勤四站2006-2015年5-10月逐日07:00(北京时,下同)和19:00探空资料,分析0℃层高度的变化特征,以及与干湿、降水、灾害天气的关系。结果表明:0℃层高度与日极端气温、0 cm最低地温关系最为密切,日极端气...应用河西走廊敦煌、酒泉、张掖、民勤四站2006-2015年5-10月逐日07:00(北京时,下同)和19:00探空资料,分析0℃层高度的变化特征,以及与干湿、降水、灾害天气的关系。结果表明:0℃层高度与日极端气温、0 cm最低地温关系最为密切,日极端气温地温越高,0℃层高度越高,在19:00相关性最好,系数大于0.95;温度露点差(T-Td)值与日降水量、日最低气温和0 cm最低地温成反相关,而与气温日较差成正相关,最大相关系数大于0.7。河西0℃层高度在3300~5000 m,气压在680~560 h Pa,T-Td在10~17℃,早上低而湿,夜间相反。干湿天气对比中,干天气时0℃层高度高且早晚变化明显,19:00较高;而湿天气时T-Td早晚变化明显,07:00较小。有降水时,0℃层高度在3000~4800 m,气压在750~570 h Pa,T-Td<8℃,07:00 T-Td<6℃;昼夜变化中夜间降水07:00高度低,而白天降水19:00高度低。不同降水量级中,T-Td从小到大为大雨、中雨和小雨,相应最大值分别为2℃、5℃和9℃。雷暴0℃层高度在3600~4900 m,气压在660~560 h Pa,T-Td≤7℃。风沙天气0℃层气压在700~540 h Pa,沙尘暴0℃层高度7-9月07:00明显较高,7-8月达5000 m以上;沙尘暴天气出现时早上干而夜间湿,19:00 T-Td<5℃,因而汛期沙暴多发生在午后且伴有降水。≥35℃高温天气0℃层高度在4600~5300 m,气压在570~530 h Pa,T-Td≥13℃。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41161012 No.41171057+4 种基金 No.91025012 No.1141001040 Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University from the Ministry of Education of China,No.NCET-10-0019 National Basic Research Program of China,No.2010CB951003 Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.KZCX2-EW-311
文摘Based on the glacier area variation records in the typical regions of China moni-tored by remote sensing, as well as the meteorological data of air temperature and precipitation from 139 stations and the 0℃ isotherm height from 28 stations, the glacier area shrinkage in China and its climatic background in the past half century was discussed. The initial glacier area calculated in this study was 23,982 km2 in the 1960s/1970s, but the present area was only 21,893 km2 in the 2000s. The area-weighted shrinking rate of glacier was 10.1%, and the interpolated annual percentage of area changes （APAC） of glacier was 0.3% a–1 since 1960. The high APAC was found at the Ili River Basin and the Junggar Interior Basin around the Tianshan Mountains, the Ob River Basin around the Altay Mountains, the Hexi Interior Basin around the Qilian Mountains, etc. The retreat of glacier was affected by the climatic background, and the influence on glacier of the slight-increased precipitation was counteracted by the significant warming in summer.
基金National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program),No.2013CBA01801National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41161012
文摘Based on the radiosonde data observed at 14 stations in Southwest China from 1960 to 2010, as well as the corresponding surface air temperature, the long-term change of free-air 0℃ isotherm height in Southwest China and the relationships between surface air temperature and 0℃ isotherm height are discussed. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of 0℃ isotherm height is generally related with latitude, but the huge massif or plateau may complicate the latitude pattern. The two main regimes influencing the spatial patterns of 0℃ isotherm height in Southwest China are latitude and huge massif. The annual 0℃ isotherm height has increased by 35 m per decade in the recent decades, which is statistically significant at the 0.001 level. Generally, the increasing trend can be examined for each seasonal series, especially in winter （53 m per decade）. The diversity of trend magnitudes for annual and seasonal series can also be detected at a spatial view, but generally 0℃ isotherm height correlated well with surface air temperature.
文摘应用河西走廊敦煌、酒泉、张掖、民勤四站2006-2015年5-10月逐日07:00(北京时,下同)和19:00探空资料,分析0℃层高度的变化特征,以及与干湿、降水、灾害天气的关系。结果表明:0℃层高度与日极端气温、0 cm最低地温关系最为密切,日极端气温地温越高,0℃层高度越高,在19:00相关性最好,系数大于0.95;温度露点差(T-Td)值与日降水量、日最低气温和0 cm最低地温成反相关,而与气温日较差成正相关,最大相关系数大于0.7。河西0℃层高度在3300~5000 m,气压在680~560 h Pa,T-Td在10~17℃,早上低而湿,夜间相反。干湿天气对比中,干天气时0℃层高度高且早晚变化明显,19:00较高;而湿天气时T-Td早晚变化明显,07:00较小。有降水时,0℃层高度在3000~4800 m,气压在750~570 h Pa,T-Td<8℃,07:00 T-Td<6℃;昼夜变化中夜间降水07:00高度低,而白天降水19:00高度低。不同降水量级中,T-Td从小到大为大雨、中雨和小雨,相应最大值分别为2℃、5℃和9℃。雷暴0℃层高度在3600~4900 m,气压在660~560 h Pa,T-Td≤7℃。风沙天气0℃层气压在700~540 h Pa,沙尘暴0℃层高度7-9月07:00明显较高,7-8月达5000 m以上;沙尘暴天气出现时早上干而夜间湿,19:00 T-Td<5℃,因而汛期沙暴多发生在午后且伴有降水。≥35℃高温天气0℃层高度在4600~5300 m,气压在570~530 h Pa,T-Td≥13℃。
