To reduce the damages of pavement,vehicle components and agricultural product during transportation,an electric control air suspension height adjustment system of agricultural transport vehicle was studied by means of...To reduce the damages of pavement,vehicle components and agricultural product during transportation,an electric control air suspension height adjustment system of agricultural transport vehicle was studied by means of simulation and bench test.For the oscillation phenomenon of vehicle height in driving process,the mathematical model of the vehicle height adjustment system was developed,and the controller of vehicle height based on single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm was designed.The control model was simulated via Matlab/Simulink,and bench test was conducted.Results show that the method is feasible and effective to solve the agricultural vehicle body height unstable phenomenon in the process of switching.Compared with other PID algorithms,the single neuron adaptive PID control in agricultural transport vehicle has shorter response time,faster response speed and more stable switching state.The stability of the designed vehicle height adjustment system and the ride comfort of agricultural transport vehicle were improved.展开更多
An initial attempt reveals parameters of marked electric synapse on AP perceptive neuron of leech. The width of gap between marked AP and either neuro- or glio-process is 2-3 nm, the diameter of the hexagonal array of...An initial attempt reveals parameters of marked electric synapse on AP perceptive neuron of leech. The width of gap between marked AP and either neuro- or glio-process is 2-3 nm, the diameter of the hexagonal array of connexion is 8-9 nm with a central pole of 2-2.5 nm, the same as the structure of annular lamellar bodies internalized by AP-glia processes in the AP.展开更多
Emerging evidence supports that the stress response to peripheral nerve injury extends beyond the injured neuron,with alterations in associated transcription factors detected both locally and remote to the lesion.Stre...Emerging evidence supports that the stress response to peripheral nerve injury extends beyond the injured neuron,with alterations in associated transcription factors detected both locally and remote to the lesion.Stress-induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factor forkhead class box O3a(FOXO3a)was initially linked to activation of apoptotic genes in many neuronal subtypes.However,a more complex role of FOXO3a has been suggested in the injury response of sensory neurons,with the injured neuron expressing less FOXO3a.To elucidate this response and test whether non-injured sensory neurons also alter FOXO3a expression,the temporal impact of chronic unilateral L4–6 spinal nerve transection on FOXO3a expression and nuclear localization in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons ipsilateral,contralateral or remote to injury relative to na?ve controls was examined.In na?ve neurons,high cytoplasmic and nuclear levels of FOXO3a colocalized with calcitonin gene related peptide,a marker of the nociceptive subpopulation.One hour post-injury,an acute increase in nuclear FOXO3a in small size injured neurons occurred followed by a significant decrease after 1,2 and 4 days,with levels increasing toward pre-injury levels by 1 week post-injury.A more robust biphasic response to the injury was observed in uninjured neurons contralateral to and those remote to injury.Nuclear levels of FOXO3a peaked at 1 day,decreased by 4 days,then increased by 1 week post-injury,a response mirrored in C4 dorsal root ganglion neurons remote to injury.This altered expression contralateral and remote to injury supports that spinal nerve damage has broader systemic impacts,a response we recently reported for another stress transcription factor,Luman/CREB3.The early decreased expression and nuclear localization of FOXO3a in the injured neuron implicate these changes in the cell body response to injury that may be protective.Finally,the broader systemic changes support the existence of stress/injury-induced humeral factor(s)influencing trans展开更多
This paper reveals the formation of annular lamellar body (ALB) in the ganglion of leech by means of in situ fixation and the lanthanum nitrate tracer technique. This formation involves both wrapping and internalizati...This paper reveals the formation of annular lamellar body (ALB) in the ganglion of leech by means of in situ fixation and the lanthanum nitrate tracer technique. This formation involves both wrapping and internalization of the gap junctions between glial processes themselves, as well as between neuron and glial process. The results indicate that there is probably an active process of internalization of membrane structures involving gap junctions between neuron and glial cell in the central nervous system in leech. The functions of ALB are discussed.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51375212,71373105)Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20133227130001)+1 种基金Research and Innovation Project for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.CXZZ12_0663)Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.BK20131255)。
文摘To reduce the damages of pavement,vehicle components and agricultural product during transportation,an electric control air suspension height adjustment system of agricultural transport vehicle was studied by means of simulation and bench test.For the oscillation phenomenon of vehicle height in driving process,the mathematical model of the vehicle height adjustment system was developed,and the controller of vehicle height based on single neuron adaptive PID control algorithm was designed.The control model was simulated via Matlab/Simulink,and bench test was conducted.Results show that the method is feasible and effective to solve the agricultural vehicle body height unstable phenomenon in the process of switching.Compared with other PID algorithms,the single neuron adaptive PID control in agricultural transport vehicle has shorter response time,faster response speed and more stable switching state.The stability of the designed vehicle height adjustment system and the ride comfort of agricultural transport vehicle were improved.
文摘An initial attempt reveals parameters of marked electric synapse on AP perceptive neuron of leech. The width of gap between marked AP and either neuro- or glio-process is 2-3 nm, the diameter of the hexagonal array of connexion is 8-9 nm with a central pole of 2-2.5 nm, the same as the structure of annular lamellar bodies internalized by AP-glia processes in the AP.
基金supported by Canadian Institutes of Health Research(CIHR)grants#74747 and#14238(both to VMKV)Natural Sciences and Science and Engineering Research Council(NSERC)of Canada grant(to VM)supported by University of Saskatchewan College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies Scholarships。
文摘Emerging evidence supports that the stress response to peripheral nerve injury extends beyond the injured neuron,with alterations in associated transcription factors detected both locally and remote to the lesion.Stress-induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factor forkhead class box O3a(FOXO3a)was initially linked to activation of apoptotic genes in many neuronal subtypes.However,a more complex role of FOXO3a has been suggested in the injury response of sensory neurons,with the injured neuron expressing less FOXO3a.To elucidate this response and test whether non-injured sensory neurons also alter FOXO3a expression,the temporal impact of chronic unilateral L4–6 spinal nerve transection on FOXO3a expression and nuclear localization in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons ipsilateral,contralateral or remote to injury relative to na?ve controls was examined.In na?ve neurons,high cytoplasmic and nuclear levels of FOXO3a colocalized with calcitonin gene related peptide,a marker of the nociceptive subpopulation.One hour post-injury,an acute increase in nuclear FOXO3a in small size injured neurons occurred followed by a significant decrease after 1,2 and 4 days,with levels increasing toward pre-injury levels by 1 week post-injury.A more robust biphasic response to the injury was observed in uninjured neurons contralateral to and those remote to injury.Nuclear levels of FOXO3a peaked at 1 day,decreased by 4 days,then increased by 1 week post-injury,a response mirrored in C4 dorsal root ganglion neurons remote to injury.This altered expression contralateral and remote to injury supports that spinal nerve damage has broader systemic impacts,a response we recently reported for another stress transcription factor,Luman/CREB3.The early decreased expression and nuclear localization of FOXO3a in the injured neuron implicate these changes in the cell body response to injury that may be protective.Finally,the broader systemic changes support the existence of stress/injury-induced humeral factor(s)influencing trans
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Research Grant of National Education Commission and Grant of Beijing Zhongguancun Associated Center of Analysis and Measurement
文摘This paper reveals the formation of annular lamellar body (ALB) in the ganglion of leech by means of in situ fixation and the lanthanum nitrate tracer technique. This formation involves both wrapping and internalization of the gap junctions between glial processes themselves, as well as between neuron and glial process. The results indicate that there is probably an active process of internalization of membrane structures involving gap junctions between neuron and glial cell in the central nervous system in leech. The functions of ALB are discussed.
