目的应用种植同期结合引导性骨再生(guided bone regeneration,GBR)技术及不同软组织处理方式修复缺失的单颗上颌中切牙,评价其软硬组织的增量效果。方法纳入于2013—2014年就诊于北京大学口腔医院牙周科因单颗上颌中切牙缺失而接受种...目的应用种植同期结合引导性骨再生(guided bone regeneration,GBR)技术及不同软组织处理方式修复缺失的单颗上颌中切牙,评价其软硬组织的增量效果。方法纳入于2013—2014年就诊于北京大学口腔医院牙周科因单颗上颌中切牙缺失而接受种植治疗的患者6例。所有患者在种植同期行GBR,并接受不同软组织处理方式。最终修复7~24个月后,记录患者上颌前牙区牙周状况,通过影像学检查定量测量种植体唇侧骨高度及骨壁厚度,利用标准化临床照片,定量测量种植体与对照牙牙龈顶点的位置关系,以及种植体近远中龈乳头高度和充满程度,并应用粉色美学评分(pink esthetic score,PES)评价美学效果。结果所有种植体在复查时均处于健康稳定的牙周状态。5颗种植体在复查时可观察到垂直向及水平向骨增量,种植体唇侧中央肩台根方2、4、6 mm处平均骨壁厚度分别为(1.7±1.1)mm、(2.3±1.1)mm、(2.2±1.3)mm。种植体牙龈顶点相比对照牙(同颌对侧中切牙)平均更偏向远中(1.0±0.6)mm,偏向根方(0.4±0.8)mm;远中龈乳头平均高度(2.8±0.5)mm和充满程度(76.9±19.2)%低于近中龈乳头[(4.2±0.7)mm,(89.8±11.1)%],平均PES为(11.5±1.4)分。结论对于缺牙区存在软硬组织缺损的患者,上颌中切牙种植同期结合GBR及不同软组织处理方式,可获得较为充足的骨增量效果及与对照牙相对协调的软组织形态,一定程度上改善美学效果。展开更多
To evaluate the papilla alterations around single-implant restorations in the anterior maxillae after crown attachment and to study the influence of soft tissue thickness on the papilla fill alteration. According to t...To evaluate the papilla alterations around single-implant restorations in the anterior maxillae after crown attachment and to study the influence of soft tissue thickness on the papilla fill alteration. According to the inclusion criteria, 32 patients subjected to implant-supported single-tooth restorations in anterior maxillae were included. The patients were assigned to two groups according to the mucosal thickness： （i） group 1, 1.5 mm≤mucosal thickness≤3 mm; and （ii） group 2, 3 mm〈mucosal thickness≤4.5 mm. Assessments of interproximal papillae at the time of crown placement （baseline） and at 6-month postloading （follow-up） were made by two prosthodontists using papilla fill index （PFI）. The mean mucosal thickness was （2.49±0.31） mm （group 1） and （3.81±0.31） mm （group 2） for the two groups respectively. A significant difference in PFI between the groups was detected at the baseline （P〈O.O01）. PFI improvements over time occurred after 6-month follow-up irrespective of the groups. When compared to group 1, the likelihood to obtain papilla fill was significantly higher for group 2 with an odds ratio of 6.05 （P〈O.O01）. The interproximal papilla level around single-implant restorations could improve significantly over time after 6-month restoration according to PFI assessment. The thicker mucosa before implant placement implied a more favorable esthetic outcome in papilla alteration.展开更多
BACKGROUND In this case,platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)was added to guided tissue regeneration as a biomaterial in proper order for immediate planting in aesthetic area with periapical infection.CASE SUMMARY With the histor...BACKGROUND In this case,platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)was added to guided tissue regeneration as a biomaterial in proper order for immediate planting in aesthetic area with periapical infection.CASE SUMMARY With the history of endodontic failure in maxillary central incisor,a 34-year-old female patient required the extraction of maxillary anterior residual root and immediate implantation.Cone beam computed tomography and clinical observation were used to assess the regeneration of soft and bone tissue.Before operation,cone beam computed tomography showed the anterior residual root had serious periapical periodontitis with insufficient labial bone in the aesthetic zone.The patient underwent immediate implant placement and reconstruction of the bone substitution by modified guided bone regeneration.The barrier was a three-layer structure of PRF-collagen membrane-PRF that covered the mixture of PRF and Bio-Oss to promote both osteogenesis and soft tissue healing.At 6 mo postoperatively,the definitive crown was placed after accomplished finial impression.One-year follow-up showed a satisfactory aesthetic effect with no obvious absorption of the labial bone and soft tissue.CONCLUSION The use of PRF in combination with guided bone regeneration can serve as a reliable and simple adjuvant for immediate implanting in infected socket and result in a stable osteogenic effect with good aesthetic outcome.展开更多
Superficial stains and irregularities of the enamelare generally what prompt patients to seek dental intervention to improve their smile. These stains or defects may be due to hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta, mine...Superficial stains and irregularities of the enamelare generally what prompt patients to seek dental intervention to improve their smile. These stains or defects may be due to hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta, mineralized white spots, or fluorosis, for which enamel microabrasion is primarily indicated. Enamel microabrasion involves the use of acidic and abrasive agents, such as with 37% phosphoric acid and pumice or 6% hydrochloric acid and silica, applied to the altered enamel surface with mechanical pressure from a rubber cup coupled to a rotatory mandrel of a lowrotation micromotor. If necessary, this treatment can be safely combined with bleaching for better esthetic results. Recent studies show that microabrasion is a conservative treatment when the enamel wear is minimal and clinically imperceptible. The most important factor contributing to the success of enamel microabrasion is the depth of the defect, as deeper, opaque stains, such as those resulting from hypoplasia, cannot be resolved with microabrasion, and require a restorative approach. Surface enamel alterations that result from microabrasion, such as roughness and microhardness, are easily restored by saliva. Clinical studies support the efficacy and longevity of this safe and minimally invasive treatment. The present article presents the clinical and scientific aspects concerning the microabrasion technique, and discusses the indications for and effects of the treatment, including recent works describing microscopic and clinical evaluations.展开更多
目的探讨建立一种高效、自动确定三维数据颜面解剖标志点(简称标志点)的方法,并对该方法的定点效果进行初步评价。方法选取2021年6至8月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院修复科就诊的牙体缺损或缺失男性患者(面部对称性良好)30例,年...目的探讨建立一种高效、自动确定三维数据颜面解剖标志点(简称标志点)的方法,并对该方法的定点效果进行初步评价。方法选取2021年6至8月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院修复科就诊的牙体缺损或缺失男性患者(面部对称性良好)30例,年龄18~45岁;采集患者三维颜面数据,基于普氏分析算法进行尺寸归一化和重叠对齐。在Geomagic Studio 2013软件中构建三维人脸平均模型,并通过参数化处理构建三维人脸模板,使用MeshLab 2020软件在其上确定32个标志点序号(10个中线标志点和22个双侧标志点)。选取2021年6至8月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院正畸科或口腔颌面外科就诊的下颌无偏斜和下颌轻度偏斜男性患者各5例,获取患者三维颜面数据作为测试数据,基于三维人脸模板及其标志点序号,借助MeshMonk非刚性配准算法程序自动确定测试数据32个标志点坐标,作为模板法定点数据。由同一名主治医师人工确定测试数据32个标志点位置,记录标志点坐标作为专家法定点数据。计算模板法与专家法标志点距离,作为定点误差,评价模板法的定点效果。结果对于5例下颌无偏斜患者,模板法所有标志点的定点误差为(1.65±1.19)mm,其中中线标志点的定点误差为(1.19±0.45)mm,双侧标志点的定点误差为(1.85±1.33)mm。对于5例下颌轻度偏斜患者,模板法所有标志点的定点误差为(2.55±2.22)mm,其中中线标志点的定点误差为(1.85±1.13)mm,双侧标志点的定点误差为(2.87±2.45)mm。结论本项研究提出的通过三维人脸模板自动确定标志点的方法具有一定的可行性,其对中线标志点的定点效果优于双侧标志点,对下颌无偏斜患者标志点的定点效果优于下颌轻度偏斜患者。展开更多
The gestalt principles are perception and what is visually communicated by objects. These principles describe the visual language within which we work. Understanding how a designer realizes things visually will help d...The gestalt principles are perception and what is visually communicated by objects. These principles describe the visual language within which we work. Understanding how a designer realizes things visually will help designers communicate better. Many designers use Gestalt principles to have a structure visual stimulus, so as to create interfaces that are easy for users to understand. Because the understanding of visual perception is a critical item in any designer’s toolkit. Islamic heritage buildings also contain many architectural values, especially the Sultan Hassan Mosque in Cairo. Through this paper, we will verify the use of gestalt principles of visual perception in the building design. Because the psychological organization of the design, achieves the understanding and awareness of the current relationships between the elements, depending on the extent of regularity, accuracy, and consistency of the design elements. This makes us recognize the esthetic values of Sultan Hassan’s building and mosque. The visual delight we get from architecture begins with how we perceive it. So, in order to understand how visual delight arises, we must first understand how we perceive and interpret visual stimuli. Especially since the principles of gestalt confirm that the human brain tends to make tricks and illusions. Therefore, we found the mosque designer had exploited this fact during the design process, to exclude any possibility of the resulting misunderstanding. The designer achieved the psychological preparation of the visitor by using some principles of visual perception of the Gestalt theory, such as growth, continuity, and hierarchy.展开更多
基金supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09411955000 and 1052nm04500)National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070842)National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB933604)
文摘To evaluate the papilla alterations around single-implant restorations in the anterior maxillae after crown attachment and to study the influence of soft tissue thickness on the papilla fill alteration. According to the inclusion criteria, 32 patients subjected to implant-supported single-tooth restorations in anterior maxillae were included. The patients were assigned to two groups according to the mucosal thickness： （i） group 1, 1.5 mm≤mucosal thickness≤3 mm; and （ii） group 2, 3 mm〈mucosal thickness≤4.5 mm. Assessments of interproximal papillae at the time of crown placement （baseline） and at 6-month postloading （follow-up） were made by two prosthodontists using papilla fill index （PFI）. The mean mucosal thickness was （2.49±0.31） mm （group 1） and （3.81±0.31） mm （group 2） for the two groups respectively. A significant difference in PFI between the groups was detected at the baseline （P〈O.O01）. PFI improvements over time occurred after 6-month follow-up irrespective of the groups. When compared to group 1, the likelihood to obtain papilla fill was significantly higher for group 2 with an odds ratio of 6.05 （P〈O.O01）. The interproximal papilla level around single-implant restorations could improve significantly over time after 6-month restoration according to PFI assessment. The thicker mucosa before implant placement implied a more favorable esthetic outcome in papilla alteration.
基金Supported by Department of Finance of Jilin Province,No.JCSZ2019378-21 and JCSZ2019378-27Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program,No.20200201302JC.
文摘BACKGROUND In this case,platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)was added to guided tissue regeneration as a biomaterial in proper order for immediate planting in aesthetic area with periapical infection.CASE SUMMARY With the history of endodontic failure in maxillary central incisor,a 34-year-old female patient required the extraction of maxillary anterior residual root and immediate implantation.Cone beam computed tomography and clinical observation were used to assess the regeneration of soft and bone tissue.Before operation,cone beam computed tomography showed the anterior residual root had serious periapical periodontitis with insufficient labial bone in the aesthetic zone.The patient underwent immediate implant placement and reconstruction of the bone substitution by modified guided bone regeneration.The barrier was a three-layer structure of PRF-collagen membrane-PRF that covered the mixture of PRF and Bio-Oss to promote both osteogenesis and soft tissue healing.At 6 mo postoperatively,the definitive crown was placed after accomplished finial impression.One-year follow-up showed a satisfactory aesthetic effect with no obvious absorption of the labial bone and soft tissue.CONCLUSION The use of PRF in combination with guided bone regeneration can serve as a reliable and simple adjuvant for immediate implanting in infected socket and result in a stable osteogenic effect with good aesthetic outcome.
文摘Superficial stains and irregularities of the enamelare generally what prompt patients to seek dental intervention to improve their smile. These stains or defects may be due to hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta, mineralized white spots, or fluorosis, for which enamel microabrasion is primarily indicated. Enamel microabrasion involves the use of acidic and abrasive agents, such as with 37% phosphoric acid and pumice or 6% hydrochloric acid and silica, applied to the altered enamel surface with mechanical pressure from a rubber cup coupled to a rotatory mandrel of a lowrotation micromotor. If necessary, this treatment can be safely combined with bleaching for better esthetic results. Recent studies show that microabrasion is a conservative treatment when the enamel wear is minimal and clinically imperceptible. The most important factor contributing to the success of enamel microabrasion is the depth of the defect, as deeper, opaque stains, such as those resulting from hypoplasia, cannot be resolved with microabrasion, and require a restorative approach. Surface enamel alterations that result from microabrasion, such as roughness and microhardness, are easily restored by saliva. Clinical studies support the efficacy and longevity of this safe and minimally invasive treatment. The present article presents the clinical and scientific aspects concerning the microabrasion technique, and discusses the indications for and effects of the treatment, including recent works describing microscopic and clinical evaluations.
文摘目的探讨建立一种高效、自动确定三维数据颜面解剖标志点(简称标志点)的方法,并对该方法的定点效果进行初步评价。方法选取2021年6至8月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院修复科就诊的牙体缺损或缺失男性患者(面部对称性良好)30例,年龄18~45岁;采集患者三维颜面数据,基于普氏分析算法进行尺寸归一化和重叠对齐。在Geomagic Studio 2013软件中构建三维人脸平均模型,并通过参数化处理构建三维人脸模板,使用MeshLab 2020软件在其上确定32个标志点序号(10个中线标志点和22个双侧标志点)。选取2021年6至8月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院正畸科或口腔颌面外科就诊的下颌无偏斜和下颌轻度偏斜男性患者各5例,获取患者三维颜面数据作为测试数据,基于三维人脸模板及其标志点序号,借助MeshMonk非刚性配准算法程序自动确定测试数据32个标志点坐标,作为模板法定点数据。由同一名主治医师人工确定测试数据32个标志点位置,记录标志点坐标作为专家法定点数据。计算模板法与专家法标志点距离,作为定点误差,评价模板法的定点效果。结果对于5例下颌无偏斜患者,模板法所有标志点的定点误差为(1.65±1.19)mm,其中中线标志点的定点误差为(1.19±0.45)mm,双侧标志点的定点误差为(1.85±1.33)mm。对于5例下颌轻度偏斜患者,模板法所有标志点的定点误差为(2.55±2.22)mm,其中中线标志点的定点误差为(1.85±1.13)mm,双侧标志点的定点误差为(2.87±2.45)mm。结论本项研究提出的通过三维人脸模板自动确定标志点的方法具有一定的可行性,其对中线标志点的定点效果优于双侧标志点,对下颌无偏斜患者标志点的定点效果优于下颌轻度偏斜患者。
文摘The gestalt principles are perception and what is visually communicated by objects. These principles describe the visual language within which we work. Understanding how a designer realizes things visually will help designers communicate better. Many designers use Gestalt principles to have a structure visual stimulus, so as to create interfaces that are easy for users to understand. Because the understanding of visual perception is a critical item in any designer’s toolkit. Islamic heritage buildings also contain many architectural values, especially the Sultan Hassan Mosque in Cairo. Through this paper, we will verify the use of gestalt principles of visual perception in the building design. Because the psychological organization of the design, achieves the understanding and awareness of the current relationships between the elements, depending on the extent of regularity, accuracy, and consistency of the design elements. This makes us recognize the esthetic values of Sultan Hassan’s building and mosque. The visual delight we get from architecture begins with how we perceive it. So, in order to understand how visual delight arises, we must first understand how we perceive and interpret visual stimuli. Especially since the principles of gestalt confirm that the human brain tends to make tricks and illusions. Therefore, we found the mosque designer had exploited this fact during the design process, to exclude any possibility of the resulting misunderstanding. The designer achieved the psychological preparation of the visitor by using some principles of visual perception of the Gestalt theory, such as growth, continuity, and hierarchy.
