景观连接度反映了景观对物种或某种生态过程在生境斑块之间运动的促进或阻碍作用,对维持景观格局及生态过程的完整性和连续性具有重要指示意义。在当前全球环境变化,自然生境丧失和破碎化不可避免的情况下,景观连接度的评价、模拟与应...景观连接度反映了景观对物种或某种生态过程在生境斑块之间运动的促进或阻碍作用,对维持景观格局及生态过程的完整性和连续性具有重要指示意义。在当前全球环境变化,自然生境丧失和破碎化不可避免的情况下,景观连接度的评价、模拟与应用已成为景观生态学、保护生物学等相关学科的研究热点。基于CNKI和Web of Science数据库,检索1999—2015年间国内发表的景观连接度期刊论文,通过文献计量法,分别从年发文量、来源期刊、研究机构、研究区域、研究目的、景观类型、景观尺度以及研究方法等多个视角分析国内该领域应用研究进展以及发展趋势。经检索共得到文献240篇,其中英文43篇。分析发现,近20年国内该领域年发文量总体呈显著增长趋势;《生态学报》、《生态学杂志》和Urban and Landscape Planning为主要刊载期刊;研究力量集中分布在北京、南京等东部18所科研机构,文献量占到43.75%;研究目标区域也以东部为主(52.2%),而对中西部生态敏感脆弱区研究较少;研究目的以景观规划为主,但针对物种保护的研究较弱,仅占11.25%,且主要关注大熊猫等被公众熟知的珍稀濒危物种;城市、城乡等人工景观是常见的景观研究类型,相比之下,自然景观所占比例较低;研究的空间尺度集中在<5000 km2的中小尺度域,占72.5%,景观粒度以30 m的中等分辨率居多。识别出14种具体度量方法,常用的包括最小费用模型、基于图论原理的功能连接度指数和网络结构指数,以及景观格局指数等;关注功能性连接和多方法的综合应用已成为当前研究的趋势;度量方法的一些参数,如最小费用模型阻力赋值或距离阈值选择主要依据专家经验或已有文献,而针对目标物种采用实证研究的则较少。最后,对国内当前该领域的研究现状和不足展开讨论并展望了未来发展,以促进我国景观连接度后续研�展开更多
With the intensive research into global coupling relationships,ecological carrying capacity（ECC）,seen as the crucial link between natural ecosystems and human systems,has gradually become an important tool for inter...With the intensive research into global coupling relationships,ecological carrying capacity（ECC）,seen as the crucial link between natural ecosystems and human systems,has gradually become an important tool for interdisciplinary research in ecology,resources science and environmental science,as well as for research on regional sustainable development.However,ECC research remains immature and lacks a complete theoretical system,as a result of many limiting factors and different space-time conditions.At present,Chinese and foreign studies focus on methods to evaluate ECC while neglecting to identify the internal driving mechanisms of ECC.In this article,based on the development and conceptualization of ECC,we introduce three evaluation methods for ECC：ecological footprint（EF）,human appropriation of net primary production（HANPP）and ecosystem services consumption（ESC）.Furthermore,we illuminate research focuses and developmental directions for ECC with respect to driving mechanisms,threshold,comprehensive evaluation systems and coupling dynamic model of multi ecological factors,in order to provide a reference for future ECC research.展开更多
文摘景观连接度反映了景观对物种或某种生态过程在生境斑块之间运动的促进或阻碍作用,对维持景观格局及生态过程的完整性和连续性具有重要指示意义。在当前全球环境变化,自然生境丧失和破碎化不可避免的情况下,景观连接度的评价、模拟与应用已成为景观生态学、保护生物学等相关学科的研究热点。基于CNKI和Web of Science数据库,检索1999—2015年间国内发表的景观连接度期刊论文,通过文献计量法,分别从年发文量、来源期刊、研究机构、研究区域、研究目的、景观类型、景观尺度以及研究方法等多个视角分析国内该领域应用研究进展以及发展趋势。经检索共得到文献240篇,其中英文43篇。分析发现,近20年国内该领域年发文量总体呈显著增长趋势;《生态学报》、《生态学杂志》和Urban and Landscape Planning为主要刊载期刊;研究力量集中分布在北京、南京等东部18所科研机构,文献量占到43.75%;研究目标区域也以东部为主(52.2%),而对中西部生态敏感脆弱区研究较少;研究目的以景观规划为主,但针对物种保护的研究较弱,仅占11.25%,且主要关注大熊猫等被公众熟知的珍稀濒危物种;城市、城乡等人工景观是常见的景观研究类型,相比之下,自然景观所占比例较低;研究的空间尺度集中在<5000 km2的中小尺度域,占72.5%,景观粒度以30 m的中等分辨率居多。识别出14种具体度量方法,常用的包括最小费用模型、基于图论原理的功能连接度指数和网络结构指数,以及景观格局指数等;关注功能性连接和多方法的综合应用已成为当前研究的趋势;度量方法的一些参数,如最小费用模型阻力赋值或距离阈值选择主要依据专家经验或已有文献,而针对目标物种采用实证研究的则较少。最后,对国内当前该领域的研究现状和不足展开讨论并展望了未来发展,以促进我国景观连接度后续研�
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0503500)National Science and Technology Major Project(Z2016C01G01)
文摘With the intensive research into global coupling relationships,ecological carrying capacity（ECC）,seen as the crucial link between natural ecosystems and human systems,has gradually become an important tool for interdisciplinary research in ecology,resources science and environmental science,as well as for research on regional sustainable development.However,ECC research remains immature and lacks a complete theoretical system,as a result of many limiting factors and different space-time conditions.At present,Chinese and foreign studies focus on methods to evaluate ECC while neglecting to identify the internal driving mechanisms of ECC.In this article,based on the development and conceptualization of ECC,we introduce three evaluation methods for ECC：ecological footprint（EF）,human appropriation of net primary production（HANPP）and ecosystem services consumption（ESC）.Furthermore,we illuminate research focuses and developmental directions for ECC with respect to driving mechanisms,threshold,comprehensive evaluation systems and coupling dynamic model of multi ecological factors,in order to provide a reference for future ECC research.
