RNA interference(RNAi)targeting lethal genes in insects has great potential for sustainable crop protection.Compared with traditional double-stranded(ds)RNA delivery systems,nanoparticles such as chitosan,liposomes,an...RNA interference(RNAi)targeting lethal genes in insects has great potential for sustainable crop protection.Compared with traditional double-stranded(ds)RNA delivery systems,nanoparticles such as chitosan,liposomes,and cationic dendrimers offer advantages in delivering dsRNA/small interfering(si)RNA to improve RNAi efficiency,thus promoting the development and practice of RNAi-based pest management strategies.Here,we illustrate the limitations of traditional dsRNA delivery systems,reveal the mechanism of nanoparticle-mediated RNAi,summarize the recent progress and successful applications of nanoparticle-mediated RNAi in pest management,and finally address the prospects of nanoparticle-based RNA pesticides.展开更多
RNA interference （RNAi） refers to the process of exogenous double-stranded RNA （dsRNA） silencing the complementary endogenous messenger RNA. RNAi has been widely used in entomological research for functional genom...RNA interference （RNAi） refers to the process of exogenous double-stranded RNA （dsRNA） silencing the complementary endogenous messenger RNA. RNAi has been widely used in entomological research for functional genomics in a variety of insects and its potential for RNAi-based pest control has been increasingly emphasized mainly because of its high specificity. This review focuses on the approaches of introducing dsRNA into insect cells or insect bodies to induce effective RNAi. The three most common delivery methods, namely, microinjection, ingestion, and soaking, are illustrated in details and their advantages and limitations are summarized for purpose of feasible RNAi research. In this review, we also briefly introduce the two possible dsRNA uptake machineries, other dsRNA delivery methods and the history of RNAi in entomology. Factors that influence the specificity and efficiency of RNAi such as transfection reagents, selection of dsRNA region, length, and stability of dsRNA in RNAi research are discussed for further studies.展开更多
Numerous studies indicate that target gene silencing by RNA interference （RNAi） could lead to insect death. This phenomenon has been considered as a potential strategy for insect pest control, and it is termed RNAi-...Numerous studies indicate that target gene silencing by RNA interference （RNAi） could lead to insect death. This phenomenon has been considered as a potential strategy for insect pest control, and it is termed RNAi-mediated crop protection. However, there are many limitations using RNAi-based technology for pest control, with the effectiveness target gene selection and reliable double-strand RNA （dsRNA） delivery being two of the major challenges. With respect to target gene selection, at present, the use of homologous genes and genome-scale high-throughput screening are the main strategies adopted by researchers. Once the target gene is identified, dsRNA can be delivered by micro-injection or by feeding as a dietary component. However, micro-injection, which is the most common method, can only be used in laboratory experiments. Expression of dsRNAs directed against insect genes in transgenic plants and spraying dsRNA reagents have been shown to induce RNAi effects on target insects. Hence, RNAi-mediated crop protection has been considered as a potential new-generation technology for pest control, or as a complementary method of existing pest control strategies; however, further devel- opment to improve the efficacy of protection and range of species affected is necessary. In this review, we have summarized current research on RNAi-based technology for pest insect management. Current progress has proven that RNAi technology has the potential to be a tool for designing a new generation of insect control measures. To accelerate its practical application in crop protection, further study on dsRNA uptake mechanisms based on the knowledge of insect physiology and biochemistry is needed.展开更多
基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(6204043)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900363).
文摘RNA interference(RNAi)targeting lethal genes in insects has great potential for sustainable crop protection.Compared with traditional double-stranded(ds)RNA delivery systems,nanoparticles such as chitosan,liposomes,and cationic dendrimers offer advantages in delivering dsRNA/small interfering(si)RNA to improve RNAi efficiency,thus promoting the development and practice of RNAi-based pest management strategies.Here,we illustrate the limitations of traditional dsRNA delivery systems,reveal the mechanism of nanoparticle-mediated RNAi,summarize the recent progress and successful applications of nanoparticle-mediated RNAi in pest management,and finally address the prospects of nanoparticle-based RNA pesticides.
文摘RNA interference （RNAi） refers to the process of exogenous double-stranded RNA （dsRNA） silencing the complementary endogenous messenger RNA. RNAi has been widely used in entomological research for functional genomics in a variety of insects and its potential for RNAi-based pest control has been increasingly emphasized mainly because of its high specificity. This review focuses on the approaches of introducing dsRNA into insect cells or insect bodies to induce effective RNAi. The three most common delivery methods, namely, microinjection, ingestion, and soaking, are illustrated in details and their advantages and limitations are summarized for purpose of feasible RNAi research. In this review, we also briefly introduce the two possible dsRNA uptake machineries, other dsRNA delivery methods and the history of RNAi in entomology. Factors that influence the specificity and efficiency of RNAi such as transfection reagents, selection of dsRNA region, length, and stability of dsRNA in RNAi research are discussed for further studies.
文摘Numerous studies indicate that target gene silencing by RNA interference （RNAi） could lead to insect death. This phenomenon has been considered as a potential strategy for insect pest control, and it is termed RNAi-mediated crop protection. However, there are many limitations using RNAi-based technology for pest control, with the effectiveness target gene selection and reliable double-strand RNA （dsRNA） delivery being two of the major challenges. With respect to target gene selection, at present, the use of homologous genes and genome-scale high-throughput screening are the main strategies adopted by researchers. Once the target gene is identified, dsRNA can be delivered by micro-injection or by feeding as a dietary component. However, micro-injection, which is the most common method, can only be used in laboratory experiments. Expression of dsRNAs directed against insect genes in transgenic plants and spraying dsRNA reagents have been shown to induce RNAi effects on target insects. Hence, RNAi-mediated crop protection has been considered as a potential new-generation technology for pest control, or as a complementary method of existing pest control strategies; however, further devel- opment to improve the efficacy of protection and range of species affected is necessary. In this review, we have summarized current research on RNAi-based technology for pest insect management. Current progress has proven that RNAi technology has the potential to be a tool for designing a new generation of insect control measures. To accelerate its practical application in crop protection, further study on dsRNA uptake mechanisms based on the knowledge of insect physiology and biochemistry is needed.
