Water exchange is an important hydrodynamic character of sea bays, and it is the basis for the study of the environmental capacity of sea bays. In this paper, a relation matrix is set up to describe the interaction am...Water exchange is an important hydrodynamic character of sea bays, and it is the basis for the study of the environmental capacity of sea bays. In this paper, a relation matrix is set up to describe the interaction among different areas of a sea bay, and to predict the water quality of those areas. The relation matrix is calculated based on the numerical results from a water quality model. This method is applied to the study of water exchange and the prediction of water quality of the Bohai Sea. The Bohai Sea is divided into five areas, and the effect of seasonal wind is taken into consideration. The results show a） the relation matrix can be used to study the water exchange among different areas and predict water quality of different areas at the respective characteristic time, b） the reduction of pollutant is dependent on both water exchange and initial distribution of the pollutant, and c） the half-life time of the pollutant is longer than the half-exchange time of the sea water.展开更多
Background 131Ⅰ therapy is recognized as the simplest, safest, least expensive, and most effective treatment, and accepted by more and more patients. However its curative effect is influenced by many factors, therefo...Background 131Ⅰ therapy is recognized as the simplest, safest, least expensive, and most effective treatment, and accepted by more and more patients. However its curative effect is influenced by many factors, therefore there are some difficulties for doctors to establish individual treatment strategy. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of early and late hypothyroidism after 131Ⅰ treatment for Graves＇ disease （GD） and to compare their correlation, to observe and analyze the influential factors and to understand the predictabilities of them.Methods Five hundred GD patients （144 males, 356 females; age （41.2±12.3） years） received 131Ⅰ treatment for the first time. The therapeutic procedure was carried out as the following： undergoing 131Ⅰ uptake test to obtain maximum of thyroid uptake value and effective half-life （EHL） time; estimating the thyroid＇s weight by ultrasonography; determination of thyroid hormones and correlative antibodies; pre-therapy physical examination; thyroid imaging; calculating 131Ⅰtherapeutic dosage; per os uptake of the determined 131Ⅰ dosage; follow-up appraisal of curative effect. The observing parameters included age, gender, thyroid weight, GD duration, condition of onset, state of disease, course of treatment, EHL time, maximum of thyroid uptake value, 131Ⅰ dosage and titer of correlative antibodies. We sorted out the data and used both univariate and multivariate analysis to evaluate them statistically.Results The incidence rates of early and late hypothyroidism were 33.2% and 6.6% respectively after 131Ⅰ treatment and approximately 22.2% cases of late hypothyroidism developed from early hypothyroidism. The influential factors of early hypothyroidism included course of GD, the highest thyroid uptake ratio of 131Ⅰ, EHL time and thyroid microsome antibody （TMAb）, etc. A multivariate analysis on late hypothyroidism showed that female patients, with recurrence after anti-thyroid drug treatment and higher thyroid weight, had l展开更多
The NUBASE2020 evaluation contains the recommended values of the main nuclear physics properties for all nuclei in their ground and excited,isomeric(T1/2≥100 ns)states.It encompasses all experimental data published i...The NUBASE2020 evaluation contains the recommended values of the main nuclear physics properties for all nuclei in their ground and excited,isomeric(T1/2≥100 ns)states.It encompasses all experimental data published in primary(journal articles)and secondary(mainly laboratory reports and conference proceedings)references,together with the corresponding bibliographical information.In cases where no experimental data were available for a particular nuclide,trends in the behavior of specific properties in neighboring nuclei were examined and estimated values are proposed.Evaluation procedures and policies that were used during the development of this evaluated nuclear data library are presented,together with a detailed table of recommended values and their uncertainties.展开更多
Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of baicalin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after iv administration in rats. Methods The cerebral I/R rats were induced by occluding the bilateral carotid ar...Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of baicalin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after iv administration in rats. Methods The cerebral I/R rats were induced by occluding the bilateral carotid arteries of normal rats for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. The resultant animals were immediately iv administrated with baicalin (90 mg/kg), whilst the same dose of baicalin was injected to the normal rats. Plasma samples were collected at different time to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration vs time. Quantification of baicalin in rat plasma was achieved using a simple and rapid HPLC method. Results In normal rats, the major parameters of distribution half-life, elimination half-life, area under the plasma concentration-time (AUC), apparent volume of distribution (Vd), and clearance (CL), estimated by an open two-compartmental model, were 0.8868 min, 26.0968 min, 149.6204 mg/min·L, 4.765 L/kg, and 0.5776 L/ kg·min), respectively. However, in I/R rats, the corresponding parameters were 2.084 min, 34.4998 min, 260.0188 μg·min/L, 5.9376 L/kg, and 0.334 L/(kg·min), respectively. Conclusion The cerebral I/R could significantly increase AUC and Vd values, decrease CL values, and prolong the terminal half-life of baicalin. These findings suggest that the injuries of I/R could play an important role in pharmacokinetic process of baicalin.展开更多
基金This workis financially supported bythe National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50479049) theNatural Science Foundation of Tianjin (Grant No.033804011)the Hi-tech Development Program(Grant No.2002AA64801006)
文摘Water exchange is an important hydrodynamic character of sea bays, and it is the basis for the study of the environmental capacity of sea bays. In this paper, a relation matrix is set up to describe the interaction among different areas of a sea bay, and to predict the water quality of those areas. The relation matrix is calculated based on the numerical results from a water quality model. This method is applied to the study of water exchange and the prediction of water quality of the Bohai Sea. The Bohai Sea is divided into five areas, and the effect of seasonal wind is taken into consideration. The results show a） the relation matrix can be used to study the water exchange among different areas and predict water quality of different areas at the respective characteristic time, b） the reduction of pollutant is dependent on both water exchange and initial distribution of the pollutant, and c） the half-life time of the pollutant is longer than the half-exchange time of the sea water.
文摘Background 131Ⅰ therapy is recognized as the simplest, safest, least expensive, and most effective treatment, and accepted by more and more patients. However its curative effect is influenced by many factors, therefore there are some difficulties for doctors to establish individual treatment strategy. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of early and late hypothyroidism after 131Ⅰ treatment for Graves＇ disease （GD） and to compare their correlation, to observe and analyze the influential factors and to understand the predictabilities of them.Methods Five hundred GD patients （144 males, 356 females; age （41.2±12.3） years） received 131Ⅰ treatment for the first time. The therapeutic procedure was carried out as the following： undergoing 131Ⅰ uptake test to obtain maximum of thyroid uptake value and effective half-life （EHL） time; estimating the thyroid＇s weight by ultrasonography; determination of thyroid hormones and correlative antibodies; pre-therapy physical examination; thyroid imaging; calculating 131Ⅰtherapeutic dosage; per os uptake of the determined 131Ⅰ dosage; follow-up appraisal of curative effect. The observing parameters included age, gender, thyroid weight, GD duration, condition of onset, state of disease, course of treatment, EHL time, maximum of thyroid uptake value, 131Ⅰ dosage and titer of correlative antibodies. We sorted out the data and used both univariate and multivariate analysis to evaluate them statistically.Results The incidence rates of early and late hypothyroidism were 33.2% and 6.6% respectively after 131Ⅰ treatment and approximately 22.2% cases of late hypothyroidism developed from early hypothyroidism. The influential factors of early hypothyroidism included course of GD, the highest thyroid uptake ratio of 131Ⅰ, EHL time and thyroid microsome antibody （TMAb）, etc. A multivariate analysis on late hypothyroidism showed that female patients, with recurrence after anti-thyroid drug treatment and higher thyroid weight, had l
基金This work was supported by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Nuclear Physics,under Contract No.DE-AC02-06CH11357(ANL)in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0400504)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS,Grant No.XDB34000000)(IMP)W.J.Huang acknowledges the financial support by the Max-Planck-Society.S.Naimi acknowledges the support of the RIKEN Pioneering Project Funding.
文摘The NUBASE2020 evaluation contains the recommended values of the main nuclear physics properties for all nuclei in their ground and excited,isomeric(T1/2≥100 ns)states.It encompasses all experimental data published in primary(journal articles)and secondary(mainly laboratory reports and conference proceedings)references,together with the corresponding bibliographical information.In cases where no experimental data were available for a particular nuclide,trends in the behavior of specific properties in neighboring nuclei were examined and estimated values are proposed.Evaluation procedures and policies that were used during the development of this evaluated nuclear data library are presented,together with a detailed table of recommended values and their uncertainties.
基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (2010GK-C041)
文摘Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of baicalin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) after iv administration in rats. Methods The cerebral I/R rats were induced by occluding the bilateral carotid arteries of normal rats for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. The resultant animals were immediately iv administrated with baicalin (90 mg/kg), whilst the same dose of baicalin was injected to the normal rats. Plasma samples were collected at different time to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration vs time. Quantification of baicalin in rat plasma was achieved using a simple and rapid HPLC method. Results In normal rats, the major parameters of distribution half-life, elimination half-life, area under the plasma concentration-time (AUC), apparent volume of distribution (Vd), and clearance (CL), estimated by an open two-compartmental model, were 0.8868 min, 26.0968 min, 149.6204 mg/min·L, 4.765 L/kg, and 0.5776 L/ kg·min), respectively. However, in I/R rats, the corresponding parameters were 2.084 min, 34.4998 min, 260.0188 μg·min/L, 5.9376 L/kg, and 0.334 L/(kg·min), respectively. Conclusion The cerebral I/R could significantly increase AUC and Vd values, decrease CL values, and prolong the terminal half-life of baicalin. These findings suggest that the injuries of I/R could play an important role in pharmacokinetic process of baicalin.
