Puerarin, a major isoflavonoid derived from the Chinese medical herb radix puerariae （Gegen）, has been reported to inhibit neuronal apoptosis and play an anti-inflammatory role in focal cerebral ischemia model rats....Puerarin, a major isoflavonoid derived from the Chinese medical herb radix puerariae （Gegen）, has been reported to inhibit neuronal apoptosis and play an anti-inflammatory role in focal cerebral ischemia model rats. Recent findings regarding stroke pathophysiology have recognized that anti-inflammation is an important target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is a highly robust neural-immune mechanism for inflammation control. This study was to investigate whether activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway can be involved in the mechanism of inhibiting the inflammatory response during puerarin-induced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Results showed that puerarin pretreatment （intravenous injection） re- duced the ischemic infarct volume, improved neurological deficit after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and decreased the levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a in brain tissue. Pretreatment with puerarin （intravenous injection） attenuated the inflammatory response in rats, which was accompanied by janus-activated kinase 2 （JAK2） and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 （STAT3） activation and nuclear factor kappa B （NF-KB） inhibition. These observa- tions were inhibited by the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （a7nAchR） antagonist a-bungarotoxin （a-BGT）. In addition, puerarin pretreatment increased the expression of a7nAchR mRNA in ischemic cerebral tissue. These data demonstrate that puerarin pretreatment strongly protects the brain against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and inhibits the inflammatory re- sponse. Our results also indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect of puerarin may partly be medi- ated through the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.展开更多
Puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine, exerts a powerful neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we established rat models of middle cerebral artery ische...Puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine, exerts a powerful neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we established rat models of middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury using the suture method. Puerarin （100 mg/kg） was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before middle cerebral artery occlusion and 8 hours after reperfusion. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, we found that puerarin significantly improved neurological deficit, reduced infarct size and brain water content, and notably diminished the expression of Toll-like receptor-4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ischemic region. These data indicate that puerarin exerts an anti-inflammatory protective effect on brain tissue with ischemia/reperfusion damage by downregulating the expression of multiple inflammatory factors.展开更多
目的观察醒脑静对内毒素所致大鼠全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)中的作用。方法静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)建立大鼠SIRS模型。雄性Wistar大鼠85只,随机分为假手术对照组(C组)、LPS模型组(LPS组)和醒脑静治疗组(XNJ组);XNJ组依据给药剂量不同(5,10,1...目的观察醒脑静对内毒素所致大鼠全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)中的作用。方法静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)建立大鼠SIRS模型。雄性Wistar大鼠85只,随机分为假手术对照组(C组)、LPS模型组(LPS组)和醒脑静治疗组(XNJ组);XNJ组依据给药剂量不同(5,10,15 mL.kg-1)又分为XNJ-5,XNJ-10,XNJ-15共3个亚组。LPS组和XMJ组按观察时间分为1,2,4,6 h 4个亚组。运用酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)法检测单个核细胞中NF-κB活性、血清中TNF-α及IL-6水平,并观察肺脏和肝脏的病理学变化。结果LPS组单个核细胞中NF-κB活性及TNF-α浓度明显升高,2 h最明显,显著高于对照组;血清IL-6浓度随着时间的推移不断升高,显著高于对照组,病理结果显示,LPS组肺泡出血、水肿、大量炎症细胞浸润,肝脏毛细血管扩张、充血、水肿和炎症细胞浸润。XNJ组与LPS组比较,NF-κB活性、TNF-α及IL-6水平显著降低,肺脏和肝脏的病理损伤减轻。结论醒脑静可通过抑制NF-кB活性、TNF-α及IL-6水平,改善内毒素所致大鼠全身炎症反应综合征。展开更多
Traumatic brain injury induces potent inflammatory responses that can exacerbate secondary blood-brain barrier（BBB） disruption, neuronal injury, and neurological dysfunction. Dexmedetomidine is a novel α2-adrenergi...Traumatic brain injury induces potent inflammatory responses that can exacerbate secondary blood-brain barrier（BBB） disruption, neuronal injury, and neurological dysfunction. Dexmedetomidine is a novel α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that exert protective effects in various central nervous system diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective action of dexmedetomidine in a mouse traumatic brain injury model, and to explore the possible mechanisms. Adult male C57 BL/6 J mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact. After injury, animals received 3 days of consecutive dexmedetomidine therapy（25 μg/kg per day）. The modified neurological severity score was used to assess neurological deficits. The rotarod test was used to evaluate accurate motor coordination and balance. Immunofluorescence was used to determine expression of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule-1, myeloperoxidase, and zonula occluden-1 at the injury site. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the concentration of interleukin-1β（IL-1β）, tumor necrosis factor α, and IL-6. The dry-wet weight method was used to measure brain water content. The Evans blue dye extravasation assay was used to measure BBB disruption. Western blot assay was used to measure protein expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3（NLRP3）, caspase-1 p20, IL-1β, nuclear factor kappa B（NF-κB） p65, occluding, and zonula occluden-1. Flow cytometry was used to measure cellular apoptosis. Results showed that dexmedetomidine treatment attenuated early neurological dysfunction and brain edema. Further, dexmedetomidine attenuated post-traumatic inflammation, up-regulated tight junction protein expression, and reduced secondary BBB damage and apoptosis. These protective effects were accompanied by down-regulation of the NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. These findings suggest that dexmedetomidine exhibits neuroprotective effects against acute（3 d展开更多
目的:观察参桂益心汤对慢性心力衰竭患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4/核转录因子-κB(TLR4/NF-κB)信号通路的影响。方法:124例慢性心力衰竭患者按随机数字表法分为对照组(50例)和治疗组(74例),对照组给予西医常规药物治疗,治疗组在对照...目的:观察参桂益心汤对慢性心力衰竭患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4/核转录因子-κB(TLR4/NF-κB)信号通路的影响。方法:124例慢性心力衰竭患者按随机数字表法分为对照组(50例)和治疗组(74例),对照组给予西医常规药物治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用参桂益心汤,每日1剂,疗程4周。比较两组治疗前后心功能,包括心率(HR),左室射血分数(LVEF),左室舒张末期内径(LVDD),6 min步行实验距离(6 m WT);测定两组治疗前后外周血单核细胞TLR4,NF-κB及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白细胞介素-6(IL-6),白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)mRNA和蛋白表达;患者出院后随访6~18个月,观察两组再住院率、病死率及再住院次数。结果:与对照组比较,治疗组总有效率明显升高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,治疗组HR,LVDD明显降低,LVEF,6 m WT明显增加(P<0.05);治疗组较对照组TLR4,NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1βmRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05);二组患者均较治疗前好转(P<0.05)。治疗组再住院率、病死率及再住院次数较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:参桂益心汤能够抑制慢性心力衰竭患者外周血单核细胞TLR4/NF-κB信号通路,抑制炎症,改善患者心功能。展开更多
基金supported by the Young Scientists Foundation of Hubei Provincial Health Department,No.QJX2012-16
文摘Puerarin, a major isoflavonoid derived from the Chinese medical herb radix puerariae （Gegen）, has been reported to inhibit neuronal apoptosis and play an anti-inflammatory role in focal cerebral ischemia model rats. Recent findings regarding stroke pathophysiology have recognized that anti-inflammation is an important target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is a highly robust neural-immune mechanism for inflammation control. This study was to investigate whether activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway can be involved in the mechanism of inhibiting the inflammatory response during puerarin-induced cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Results showed that puerarin pretreatment （intravenous injection） re- duced the ischemic infarct volume, improved neurological deficit after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and decreased the levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a in brain tissue. Pretreatment with puerarin （intravenous injection） attenuated the inflammatory response in rats, which was accompanied by janus-activated kinase 2 （JAK2） and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 （STAT3） activation and nuclear factor kappa B （NF-KB） inhibition. These observa- tions were inhibited by the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （a7nAchR） antagonist a-bungarotoxin （a-BGT）. In addition, puerarin pretreatment increased the expression of a7nAchR mRNA in ischemic cerebral tissue. These data demonstrate that puerarin pretreatment strongly protects the brain against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and inhibits the inflammatory re- sponse. Our results also indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect of puerarin may partly be medi- ated through the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
基金supported by the Chinese Traditional Medical Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China,No.2010ZA072the Health Bureau Foundation of Zhejiang Province in China,No.2012ZDA023the Qianjiang Project of Zhejiang Science and Technology Bureau in China,No.2010 R10073
文摘Puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine, exerts a powerful neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we established rat models of middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury using the suture method. Puerarin （100 mg/kg） was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before middle cerebral artery occlusion and 8 hours after reperfusion. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, we found that puerarin significantly improved neurological deficit, reduced infarct size and brain water content, and notably diminished the expression of Toll-like receptor-4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ischemic region. These data indicate that puerarin exerts an anti-inflammatory protective effect on brain tissue with ischemia/reperfusion damage by downregulating the expression of multiple inflammatory factors.
文摘目的观察醒脑静对内毒素所致大鼠全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)中的作用。方法静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)建立大鼠SIRS模型。雄性Wistar大鼠85只,随机分为假手术对照组(C组)、LPS模型组(LPS组)和醒脑静治疗组(XNJ组);XNJ组依据给药剂量不同(5,10,15 mL.kg-1)又分为XNJ-5,XNJ-10,XNJ-15共3个亚组。LPS组和XMJ组按观察时间分为1,2,4,6 h 4个亚组。运用酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)法检测单个核细胞中NF-κB活性、血清中TNF-α及IL-6水平,并观察肺脏和肝脏的病理学变化。结果LPS组单个核细胞中NF-κB活性及TNF-α浓度明显升高,2 h最明显,显著高于对照组;血清IL-6浓度随着时间的推移不断升高,显著高于对照组,病理结果显示,LPS组肺泡出血、水肿、大量炎症细胞浸润,肝脏毛细血管扩张、充血、水肿和炎症细胞浸润。XNJ组与LPS组比较,NF-κB活性、TNF-α及IL-6水平显著降低,肺脏和肝脏的病理损伤减轻。结论醒脑静可通过抑制NF-кB活性、TNF-α及IL-6水平,改善内毒素所致大鼠全身炎症反应综合征。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81330029,81671380the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City of China,No.17JCZDJC35900
文摘Traumatic brain injury induces potent inflammatory responses that can exacerbate secondary blood-brain barrier（BBB） disruption, neuronal injury, and neurological dysfunction. Dexmedetomidine is a novel α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that exert protective effects in various central nervous system diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective action of dexmedetomidine in a mouse traumatic brain injury model, and to explore the possible mechanisms. Adult male C57 BL/6 J mice were subjected to controlled cortical impact. After injury, animals received 3 days of consecutive dexmedetomidine therapy（25 μg/kg per day）. The modified neurological severity score was used to assess neurological deficits. The rotarod test was used to evaluate accurate motor coordination and balance. Immunofluorescence was used to determine expression of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule-1, myeloperoxidase, and zonula occluden-1 at the injury site. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the concentration of interleukin-1β（IL-1β）, tumor necrosis factor α, and IL-6. The dry-wet weight method was used to measure brain water content. The Evans blue dye extravasation assay was used to measure BBB disruption. Western blot assay was used to measure protein expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3（NLRP3）, caspase-1 p20, IL-1β, nuclear factor kappa B（NF-κB） p65, occluding, and zonula occluden-1. Flow cytometry was used to measure cellular apoptosis. Results showed that dexmedetomidine treatment attenuated early neurological dysfunction and brain edema. Further, dexmedetomidine attenuated post-traumatic inflammation, up-regulated tight junction protein expression, and reduced secondary BBB damage and apoptosis. These protective effects were accompanied by down-regulation of the NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. These findings suggest that dexmedetomidine exhibits neuroprotective effects against acute（3 d
文摘目的:观察参桂益心汤对慢性心力衰竭患者外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4/核转录因子-κB(TLR4/NF-κB)信号通路的影响。方法:124例慢性心力衰竭患者按随机数字表法分为对照组(50例)和治疗组(74例),对照组给予西医常规药物治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用参桂益心汤,每日1剂,疗程4周。比较两组治疗前后心功能,包括心率(HR),左室射血分数(LVEF),左室舒张末期内径(LVDD),6 min步行实验距离(6 m WT);测定两组治疗前后外周血单核细胞TLR4,NF-κB及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),白细胞介素-6(IL-6),白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)mRNA和蛋白表达;患者出院后随访6~18个月,观察两组再住院率、病死率及再住院次数。结果:与对照组比较,治疗组总有效率明显升高(P<0.05);与对照组比较,治疗组HR,LVDD明显降低,LVEF,6 m WT明显增加(P<0.05);治疗组较对照组TLR4,NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1βmRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05);二组患者均较治疗前好转(P<0.05)。治疗组再住院率、病死率及再住院次数较对照组明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:参桂益心汤能够抑制慢性心力衰竭患者外周血单核细胞TLR4/NF-κB信号通路,抑制炎症,改善患者心功能。
