The economy of West African countries is mainly based on agriculture. However, the trace metal(loid)s contamination status in rivers is relatively unknown in the region. In this work, 45 surface sediments collected fr...The economy of West African countries is mainly based on agriculture. However, the trace metal(loid)s contamination status in rivers is relatively unknown in the region. In this work, 45 surface sediments collected from the Bandama, Comoé, and Bia Rivers in south and south eastern Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa), were analyzed for total metal concentrations and chemical speciation. The results showed that the river sediments were considerably contaminated by Cd and moderately contaminated by As, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Significant spatial variations were observed among the stations but not between the rivers. Metals Cd and Cu were likely to cause more ecological risks. The speciation analysis unravelled that the metal(loid)s partitioned mainly in the residual fraction, with the potential mobile fraction varying from 14% to 28%. The study calls for establishment of strict policies relative to the application of fertilizers and agrochemicals and mining activities to protect the environment and human health risks.展开更多
Heavy metal(loid)s contamination is a constant issue at smelting sites.It is essential to investigate the spatial distribution and migration characteristics of heavy metal(loid)s in the soil for environmental manageme...Heavy metal(loid)s contamination is a constant issue at smelting sites.It is essential to investigate the spatial distribution and migration characteristics of heavy metal(loid)s in the soil for environmental management and remediation strategies of non-ferrous smelting sites.In this study,203 soil samples from 57 sites were collected in a typical lead smelting site.The findings demonstrated that there were significant Pb,Zn,Cd,and As contamination in soil samples.The spatial distribution of heavy metal(loid)s showed strong spatial heterogeneity,the contaminated soil areas of Pb,As,Cd,and Zn were 99.5%,98.9%,85.3%,and 72.4%,respectively.Pb,Cd,and As contamination of the soil reached a depth of 5 m,which migrated from the surface to deep soil layers.The leaching contents of Zn,Pb,and As decreased obviously in 3-4 m soil layer,but the leaching content of Cd was still high,which indicated the high migration of Cd.With the increase of depth,the proportion of acid soluble fraction of heavy metal(loid)s decreased,and the residual fraction increased.The acid soluble fraction of Cd accounted for a higher proportion,and As mainly existed in reducible and residual fractions in soil.According to the calculation of the migration factor,the migration of heavy metal(loid)s in soils were ordered as Cd>Zn>Pb>As.The outcomes are advantageous for risk reduction and site remediation for non-ferrous metal smelting sites.展开更多
Because of the rapid development of industrial processes, increased urban pollution and agricultural chemicals applied in recent years, heavy metal(loid) pollution in soil has been very serious, and there is an urgent...Because of the rapid development of industrial processes, increased urban pollution and agricultural chemicals applied in recent years, heavy metal(loid) pollution in soil has been very serious, and there is an urgent need for fast and efficient removal of heavy metal(loid) pollution. Currently, environmental microorganisms are always used to perform biological alteration or improvement of soils and sewage. Using functional microorganisms that are resistant to toxic heavy metal(loid) ions for alteration and transformation of heavy metal(loid)s in ionic form is an effective measure for microbial remediation of heavy metal(loid)contaminated soil. This paper reviewed the microbial remediation mechanism of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils, and the approaches for breeding bacteria those can be used for highly efficient removal of heavy metal(loid)s, as well as the application examples of microbial remediation and transformation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil, and finally described the future trends and further research work of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils by microbial remediation.展开更多
AIM:To assess the prognostic significance of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and its target genes in gastric cancer. METHODS:The tumor tissues of 115 patients with gastric cancer were immunohistochemically evaluated using m...AIM:To assess the prognostic significance of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and its target genes in gastric cancer. METHODS:The tumor tissues of 115 patients with gastric cancer were immunohistochemically evaluated using monoclonal antibodies against NF-kB RelA. Preoperative serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assessed via enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) were measured via immunotrubidimetry. RESULTS:Positive rate of NF-kB RelA was 42.6%. NF-kB RelA expression in tumor tissues was also related to serum levels of IL-6 (P = 0.044) and CRP (P = 0.010). IL-6, SAA, CRP were related to depth of invasion, VEGF and SAA were correlated with lymph node metastasis. IL-6, VEGF, SAA and CRP were related to the stage. Univariate analysis demonstrated that immunostaining of NF-kB RelA, levels of IL-6, VEGF, SAA were significantly related with both disease free survival and over-all survival (OS). Multivariate analysis verified that NF-kB RelA [hazard ratio (HR): 3.40, P = 0.024] and SAA (HR: 3.39, P = 0.045) were independently associated with OS. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of NF-kB RelA and high levels of serum SAA were associated with poor OS in gastric cancer patients.展开更多
Metal smelting have brought severe metal(loid)s contamination to the soil.Spatial distribution and pollution source analysis for soil metal(loid)s in an abandoned lead/zinc smelter were studied.The results showed that...Metal smelting have brought severe metal(loid)s contamination to the soil.Spatial distribution and pollution source analysis for soil metal(loid)s in an abandoned lead/zinc smelter were studied.The results showed that soil was contaminated heavily withmetal(loid)s.The mean of lead(Pb),arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),mercury(Hg)and antimony(Sb)content in topsoil is 9.7,8.2,5.0,2.3,and 1.2 times higher than the risk screening value for soil contamination of development land of China(GB36600-2018),respectively.Cd ismainly enriched in the 0–6mdepth of site soil while As and Pbmainly deposited in the 0–4mlayer.The spatial distribution of soil metal(loid)s is significantly correlated with the pollution source in the different functional areas of smelter.As,Hg,Sb,Pb and copper(Cu)were mainly distributed in pyrometallurgical area,while Cd,thallium(Tl)and zinc(Zn)was mainly existed in both hydrometallurgical area and raw material storage area.Soil metal(loid)s pollution sources in the abandoned smelter are mainly contributed to the anthropogenic sources,accounting for 84.5%.Specifically,Pb,Tl,As,Hg,Sb and Cumainly from atmospheric deposition(55.9%),Cd and Zn mainly from surface runoff(28.6%),While nickel(Ni)mainly comes from parent material(15.5%).The results clarified the spatial distribution and their sources in different functional areas of the smelter,providing a new thought for the risk prevention and control of metal(loid)s in polluted site soil.展开更多
Metal(loid)pollution has emerged as a pressing environmental issue in agriculture,garnering extensive public attention.Metal(loid)s are potentially toxic substances that infiltrate the soil through diverse pathways,le...Metal(loid)pollution has emerged as a pressing environmental issue in agriculture,garnering extensive public attention.Metal(loid)s are potentially toxic substances that infiltrate the soil through diverse pathways,leading to food chain contamination via plant uptake and subsequent animal exposure.This poses a serious threat to environmental quality,food security,and human health.Hence,the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated agricultural soil is an urgent concern demanding immediate attention.Presently,the majority of research papers concentrate on established,isolated remediation technologies,often overlooking comprehensive field management approaches.It is imperative to provide a comprehensive summary of remediation technologies and identify future development directions.This review aims to comprehensively summarize a range of soil remediation and enhancement technologies,incorporating insights from multiple disciplines including physics,chemistry,biology,and their interdisciplinary intersections.The review examines the mechanisms of action,suitable scenarios,advantages,disadvantages,and benefits associated with each remediation technology.Particularly relevant is the examination of metal(loid)sources,as well as the mechanisms behind both established and innovative,efficient remediation and enhancement technologies.Additionally,the future evolution of remediation technologies are considered with the aim of offering a scientific research foundation and inspiration to fellow researchers.This is intended to facilitate the advancement of remediation technologies and establish a robust foundation for sustainable development of soil.展开更多
【目的】揭示西洞庭湖沉积物重金属的时空分布规律,阐明湖泊沉积物的重金属来源,探究绝对主成分-多元线性回归(absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression,APCS-MLR)模型在湖泊沉积物重金属来源解析中的适应性。...【目的】揭示西洞庭湖沉积物重金属的时空分布规律,阐明湖泊沉积物的重金属来源,探究绝对主成分-多元线性回归(absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression,APCS-MLR)模型在湖泊沉积物重金属来源解析中的适应性。【方法】采集沅江河口、湖泊近岸、湖泊远岸和湖泊中心的4个沉积柱共160个样本,对样本进行210Pb同位素定年和重金属含量分析,运用传统多元统计分析方法和APCS-MLR模型定量解析重金属的来源与绝对贡献率。【结果】从沅江河口到湖泊中心,As和Cd的平均含量逐步递减,Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均含量呈先减少后增加的趋势。在垂直方向上,重金属含量自沉积物表层向中层呈升高趋势,并随水深的增加出现相对一致的波动。从时序上看,沉积物重金属自然源的绝对贡献率呈下降趋势,人为源的绝对贡献率总体上升且超过自然源的绝对贡献率。其中,Cd的来源受人类活动影响最大,其人为源在沅江河口和湖泊中心的绝对贡献率分别为28.77%和69.35%。【结论】近百年来,人类活动对西洞庭湖沉积物重金属来源的绝对贡献率逐年上升,人类活动已经成为影响沉积物重金属含量最重要的因素。APCS-MLR模型能够简便、有效地应用于沉积物重金属来源的研究。展开更多
Heavy metal(loid)s(HMs)have caused serious environmental pollution and health risks.Although the past few years have witnessed the achievements of studies on environmental behavior of HMs,the related toxicity mechanis...Heavy metal(loid)s(HMs)have caused serious environmental pollution and health risks.Although the past few years have witnessed the achievements of studies on environmental behavior of HMs,the related toxicity mechanisms,and pollution control,their relationship remains a mystery.Researchers generally focused on one topic independently without comprehensive considerations due to the knowledge gap between environmental science and human health.Indeed,the full life cycle control of HMs is crucial and should be reconsidered with the combination of the occurrence,transport,and fate of HMs in the environment.Therefore,we started by reviewing the environmental behaviors of HMs which are affected by a variety of natural factors as well as their physicochemical properties.Furthermore,the related toxicity mechanisms were discussed according to exposure route,toxicity mechanism,and adverse consequences.In addition,the current state-of-the-art of available technologies for pollution control of HMs wastewater and solid wastes were summarized.Finally,based on the research trend,we proposed that advanced in-operando characterizations will help us better understand the fundamental reaction mechanisms,and big data analysis approaches will aid in establishing the prediction model for risk management.展开更多
文摘The economy of West African countries is mainly based on agriculture. However, the trace metal(loid)s contamination status in rivers is relatively unknown in the region. In this work, 45 surface sediments collected from the Bandama, Comoé, and Bia Rivers in south and south eastern Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa), were analyzed for total metal concentrations and chemical speciation. The results showed that the river sediments were considerably contaminated by Cd and moderately contaminated by As, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Significant spatial variations were observed among the stations but not between the rivers. Metals Cd and Cu were likely to cause more ecological risks. The speciation analysis unravelled that the metal(loid)s partitioned mainly in the residual fraction, with the potential mobile fraction varying from 14% to 28%. The study calls for establishment of strict policies relative to the application of fertilizers and agrochemicals and mining activities to protect the environment and human health risks.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2019YFC1803604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42177392).
文摘Heavy metal(loid)s contamination is a constant issue at smelting sites.It is essential to investigate the spatial distribution and migration characteristics of heavy metal(loid)s in the soil for environmental management and remediation strategies of non-ferrous smelting sites.In this study,203 soil samples from 57 sites were collected in a typical lead smelting site.The findings demonstrated that there were significant Pb,Zn,Cd,and As contamination in soil samples.The spatial distribution of heavy metal(loid)s showed strong spatial heterogeneity,the contaminated soil areas of Pb,As,Cd,and Zn were 99.5%,98.9%,85.3%,and 72.4%,respectively.Pb,Cd,and As contamination of the soil reached a depth of 5 m,which migrated from the surface to deep soil layers.The leaching contents of Zn,Pb,and As decreased obviously in 3-4 m soil layer,but the leaching content of Cd was still high,which indicated the high migration of Cd.With the increase of depth,the proportion of acid soluble fraction of heavy metal(loid)s decreased,and the residual fraction increased.The acid soluble fraction of Cd accounted for a higher proportion,and As mainly existed in reducible and residual fractions in soil.According to the calculation of the migration factor,the migration of heavy metal(loid)s in soils were ordered as Cd>Zn>Pb>As.The outcomes are advantageous for risk reduction and site remediation for non-ferrous metal smelting sites.
文摘Because of the rapid development of industrial processes, increased urban pollution and agricultural chemicals applied in recent years, heavy metal(loid) pollution in soil has been very serious, and there is an urgent need for fast and efficient removal of heavy metal(loid) pollution. Currently, environmental microorganisms are always used to perform biological alteration or improvement of soils and sewage. Using functional microorganisms that are resistant to toxic heavy metal(loid) ions for alteration and transformation of heavy metal(loid)s in ionic form is an effective measure for microbial remediation of heavy metal(loid)contaminated soil. This paper reviewed the microbial remediation mechanism of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils, and the approaches for breeding bacteria those can be used for highly efficient removal of heavy metal(loid)s, as well as the application examples of microbial remediation and transformation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil, and finally described the future trends and further research work of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils by microbial remediation.
基金Supported by The Dong-A University Research Fund
文摘AIM:To assess the prognostic significance of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and its target genes in gastric cancer. METHODS:The tumor tissues of 115 patients with gastric cancer were immunohistochemically evaluated using monoclonal antibodies against NF-kB RelA. Preoperative serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assessed via enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) were measured via immunotrubidimetry. RESULTS:Positive rate of NF-kB RelA was 42.6%. NF-kB RelA expression in tumor tissues was also related to serum levels of IL-6 (P = 0.044) and CRP (P = 0.010). IL-6, SAA, CRP were related to depth of invasion, VEGF and SAA were correlated with lymph node metastasis. IL-6, VEGF, SAA and CRP were related to the stage. Univariate analysis demonstrated that immunostaining of NF-kB RelA, levels of IL-6, VEGF, SAA were significantly related with both disease free survival and over-all survival (OS). Multivariate analysis verified that NF-kB RelA [hazard ratio (HR): 3.40, P = 0.024] and SAA (HR: 3.39, P = 0.045) were independently associated with OS. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of NF-kB RelA and high levels of serum SAA were associated with poor OS in gastric cancer patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program,China(No.2018YFC1800400).
文摘Metal smelting have brought severe metal(loid)s contamination to the soil.Spatial distribution and pollution source analysis for soil metal(loid)s in an abandoned lead/zinc smelter were studied.The results showed that soil was contaminated heavily withmetal(loid)s.The mean of lead(Pb),arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),mercury(Hg)and antimony(Sb)content in topsoil is 9.7,8.2,5.0,2.3,and 1.2 times higher than the risk screening value for soil contamination of development land of China(GB36600-2018),respectively.Cd ismainly enriched in the 0–6mdepth of site soil while As and Pbmainly deposited in the 0–4mlayer.The spatial distribution of soil metal(loid)s is significantly correlated with the pollution source in the different functional areas of smelter.As,Hg,Sb,Pb and copper(Cu)were mainly distributed in pyrometallurgical area,while Cd,thallium(Tl)and zinc(Zn)was mainly existed in both hydrometallurgical area and raw material storage area.Soil metal(loid)s pollution sources in the abandoned smelter are mainly contributed to the anthropogenic sources,accounting for 84.5%.Specifically,Pb,Tl,As,Hg,Sb and Cumainly from atmospheric deposition(55.9%),Cd and Zn mainly from surface runoff(28.6%),While nickel(Ni)mainly comes from parent material(15.5%).The results clarified the spatial distribution and their sources in different functional areas of the smelter,providing a new thought for the risk prevention and control of metal(loid)s in polluted site soil.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1900601-07 and 2019YFC0408703)Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps South Xinjiang Key Industry Innovation and Development Support Plan Project(2021DB017)Science and Technology Plan Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(202202AE090034-07).
文摘Metal(loid)pollution has emerged as a pressing environmental issue in agriculture,garnering extensive public attention.Metal(loid)s are potentially toxic substances that infiltrate the soil through diverse pathways,leading to food chain contamination via plant uptake and subsequent animal exposure.This poses a serious threat to environmental quality,food security,and human health.Hence,the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated agricultural soil is an urgent concern demanding immediate attention.Presently,the majority of research papers concentrate on established,isolated remediation technologies,often overlooking comprehensive field management approaches.It is imperative to provide a comprehensive summary of remediation technologies and identify future development directions.This review aims to comprehensively summarize a range of soil remediation and enhancement technologies,incorporating insights from multiple disciplines including physics,chemistry,biology,and their interdisciplinary intersections.The review examines the mechanisms of action,suitable scenarios,advantages,disadvantages,and benefits associated with each remediation technology.Particularly relevant is the examination of metal(loid)sources,as well as the mechanisms behind both established and innovative,efficient remediation and enhancement technologies.Additionally,the future evolution of remediation technologies are considered with the aim of offering a scientific research foundation and inspiration to fellow researchers.This is intended to facilitate the advancement of remediation technologies and establish a robust foundation for sustainable development of soil.
文摘【目的】揭示西洞庭湖沉积物重金属的时空分布规律,阐明湖泊沉积物的重金属来源,探究绝对主成分-多元线性回归(absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression,APCS-MLR)模型在湖泊沉积物重金属来源解析中的适应性。【方法】采集沅江河口、湖泊近岸、湖泊远岸和湖泊中心的4个沉积柱共160个样本,对样本进行210Pb同位素定年和重金属含量分析,运用传统多元统计分析方法和APCS-MLR模型定量解析重金属的来源与绝对贡献率。【结果】从沅江河口到湖泊中心,As和Cd的平均含量逐步递减,Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均含量呈先减少后增加的趋势。在垂直方向上,重金属含量自沉积物表层向中层呈升高趋势,并随水深的增加出现相对一致的波动。从时序上看,沉积物重金属自然源的绝对贡献率呈下降趋势,人为源的绝对贡献率总体上升且超过自然源的绝对贡献率。其中,Cd的来源受人类活动影响最大,其人为源在沅江河口和湖泊中心的绝对贡献率分别为28.77%和69.35%。【结论】近百年来,人类活动对西洞庭湖沉积物重金属来源的绝对贡献率逐年上升,人类活动已经成为影响沉积物重金属含量最重要的因素。APCS-MLR模型能够简便、有效地应用于沉积物重金属来源的研究。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Devel-opment Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0210400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21836002 and 52104315)+1 种基金the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52121004)the Major program Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(No.2021JC0001).
文摘Heavy metal(loid)s(HMs)have caused serious environmental pollution and health risks.Although the past few years have witnessed the achievements of studies on environmental behavior of HMs,the related toxicity mechanisms,and pollution control,their relationship remains a mystery.Researchers generally focused on one topic independently without comprehensive considerations due to the knowledge gap between environmental science and human health.Indeed,the full life cycle control of HMs is crucial and should be reconsidered with the combination of the occurrence,transport,and fate of HMs in the environment.Therefore,we started by reviewing the environmental behaviors of HMs which are affected by a variety of natural factors as well as their physicochemical properties.Furthermore,the related toxicity mechanisms were discussed according to exposure route,toxicity mechanism,and adverse consequences.In addition,the current state-of-the-art of available technologies for pollution control of HMs wastewater and solid wastes were summarized.Finally,based on the research trend,we proposed that advanced in-operando characterizations will help us better understand the fundamental reaction mechanisms,and big data analysis approaches will aid in establishing the prediction model for risk management.
