The conceptions of the knowledge screen generated by S-rough sets are given: f- screen and - screen , and then puts forward - filter theorem, - filter theorem of knowledge. At last, the applications of knowledge separ...The conceptions of the knowledge screen generated by S-rough sets are given: f- screen and - screen , and then puts forward - filter theorem, - filter theorem of knowledge. At last, the applications of knowledge separation are given according to - screen and - screen.展开更多
从香蕉园和其他果园土壤中分离获得4株对香蕉枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense）具有抑制作用的拮抗菌，并对其抑菌效果和防治效果进行了测定．结果表明，bio-d4、bio-d5、bio-B3和bio—P等4株拮抗菌与香蕉枯萎病菌对峙培...从香蕉园和其他果园土壤中分离获得4株对香蕉枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense）具有抑制作用的拮抗菌，并对其抑菌效果和防治效果进行了测定．结果表明，bio-d4、bio-d5、bio-B3和bio—P等4株拮抗菌与香蕉枯萎病菌对峙培养5d后，在平板上产生了明显的抑菌带，其宽度为16．5～20．5mm；培养10d后，仍然保持稳定的抑菌效果；其发酵原液对孢子萌发具有显著的抑制作用，抑制率为90．5％-97．2％；bio-d4、bio—d5和bio—B3发酵液100倍、200倍和300倍稀释液的防治效果为53．3％-80．2％，显著大于bio—P和恶霉灵的防治效果．展开更多
目的对络石藤中的三萜类化合物进行分离鉴定。方法采用硅胶、反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱方法进行分离,NM R等波谱学方法进行结构鉴定。结果从络石藤中分离鉴定8个三萜类化合物:络石苷F(tra-che losperos ide F,Ⅰ)、络石苷B-1(tr...目的对络石藤中的三萜类化合物进行分离鉴定。方法采用硅胶、反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱方法进行分离,NM R等波谱学方法进行结构鉴定。结果从络石藤中分离鉴定8个三萜类化合物:络石苷F(tra-che losperos ide F,Ⅰ)、络石苷B-1(trache losperos ide B-1,Ⅱ)、络石苷D-1(trache losperos ide D-1,Ⅲ)、络石苷E-1(trache losperos ide E-1,Ⅳ)、3-βO-D-g lucopyranos ide qu inov ic ac id(Ⅴ)、3β-O--βD-g lucopyrano isde qu inov ic ac id27-O--βD-g lucopyranosy l ester(Ⅵ)、3β-O--βD-g lucopyranos ide c incho lic ac id 27-O--βD-g lucopyranosy l ester(Ⅶ)、络石苷元B(trache losperogen in B,Ⅷ)。结论Ⅰ为新化合物,其余均为首次从该植物中分离得到。展开更多
A pot experiment was conducted to study the plant growth and fruit yields of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） on a greenhouse soil with or without inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMFs） and Fusarium oxysp...A pot experiment was conducted to study the plant growth and fruit yields of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） on a greenhouse soil with or without inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMFs） and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp, cucumerinum under unsterilized conditions. Two AMF inocula were tested： only one AMF strain Glomus caledonium 90036 and an AMF consortium mainly consisting of Glornus spp. and Acaulospora spp. There were four treatments including no inoculation （control）, inoculation with F. oxysporum but without mycorrhizae （FO）, inoculation with F. oxysporum and G. caledonium （FO＋M1）, and inoculation with F. oxysporum and the AMF consortium （FO＋M2）. Cucumber plants were harvested at weeks 3 and 9 after transplanting. Compared with the control, the FO treatment without AMF inoculation had less biomass both at weeks 3 and 9 （P 〈 0.05） and had higher incidence of Fusarium wilt and produced no cucumber fruit at week 9. Both FO＋M1 and FO＋M2 treatments had higher mycorrhizal colonization than the treatments which received no AMF inoculation at week 3 （P 〈 0.05）, but only the FO＋M2 treatment elevated plant biomass, decreased the incidence of Fusarium wilt, and improved cucumber yields to the same level as the control at week 9. The results indicated that the AMF consortium could suppress Fusarium wilt of cucumber and, therefore, showed potential as a biological control agent in greenhouse agroecosystems.展开更多
Objective：To observe effects of wrist-ankle acupuncture （WAA） onβ-endorphin （EP）, nitric oxide （NO） in uterus tissue and prostaglandin F2α （PGF2α）, substance P （SP） in serum of rats with primary dysmenor...Objective：To observe effects of wrist-ankle acupuncture （WAA） onβ-endorphin （EP）, nitric oxide （NO） in uterus tissue and prostaglandin F2α （PGF2α）, substance P （SP） in serum of rats with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods：A total of 45 non-pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group and a WAA group, 15 rats in each group. Rats in the model group and the WAA group received continuous abdominal subcutaneous injection of Diethylstilbestrol to establish dysmenorrhea rat models. On the first day after modeling, rats in the WAA group began to receive acupuncture on Point Lower 1 and Point Lower 2, once a day for 10 d. The control group and the model group didn’t receive any treatment. Writhing latencies and frequencies were recorded.β-EP and NO in uterus tissue homogenates and PGF2α, SP in serum were detected. Results：In the model group,β-EP and NO levels were the lowest among the groups, the serum PGF2α level was the highest, and serum SP level was the lowest. These measurements showed significantly difference between the model group and the control group （P〈0.05）. PGF2α in the WAA group was lower than that in the model group;β-EP, NO and SP levels were higher than those in the model group, with inter-group statistically significant differences （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： WAA may achieve analgesic effect through decreasing PGF2α, increasingβ-EP, NO and SP to relieve uterine cramps, increase blood flow and promote functional improvement.展开更多
Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) and its extracts have long been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and kidney disease due to their anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and other ...Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) and its extracts have long been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and kidney disease due to their anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and other pharmacological effects. However, the clinical immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts remain unclear, so we reviewed their effects for use in clinical practice. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent literature on the immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts in clinical studies. TwHF and its extracts affect the proliferation and activation of T and B cells;ratio of T cell subsets;inflammatory response of monocytes, macrophages, and immunoglobulins;and secretion of many cytokines. Together, these effects dictate immune function in a variety of diseases. TwHF and its extracts can be used alone or in combination with existing therapies against many immune disorders through immunomodulation.展开更多
Transgene escape from genetically modified （GM） rice into weedy rice via gene flow may cause undesired environmental consequences. Estimating the field performance of crop-weed hybrids will facilitate our understand...Transgene escape from genetically modified （GM） rice into weedy rice via gene flow may cause undesired environmental consequences. Estimating the field performance of crop-weed hybrids will facilitate our understanding of potential introgression of crop genes （including transgenes） into weedy rice populations, allowing for effective biosafety assessment. Comparative studies of three weedy rice strains and their hybrids with two GM rice lines containing different insect- resistance transgenes （CpTI or Bt/CpTI） indicated an enhanced relative performance of the crop-weed hybrids, with taller plants, more tillers, panicles, and spikelets per plant, as well as higher 1000-seed weight, compared with the weedy rice parents, although the hybrids produced less filled seeds per plant than their weedy parents. Seeds from the F1 hybrids had higher germination rates and produced more seedlings than the weedy parents, which correlated positively with 1000-seed weight. The crop-weed hybrids demonstrated a generally enhanced relative performance than their weedy rice parents in our field experiments. These findings indicate that transgenes from GM rice can persist to and introgress into weedy rice populations through recurrent crop-to-weed gene flow with the aid of slightly increased relative fitness in F1 hybrids.展开更多
Relationships between fluorescence parameters and membrane lipid peroxidation in leaves of indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) during later growth stage were studied under chilling temperature and strong light ...Relationships between fluorescence parameters and membrane lipid peroxidation in leaves of indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) during later growth stage were studied under chilling temperature and strong light stress conditions. Results showed that D1 protein contents of PSⅡ in photosynthetic apparatus dropped, the generation of antheraxanthin (A) and zeaxanthin (Z) of xanthophyll cycle were inhibited partly, PSⅡ photochemical efficiency (F v/F m)and non-photochemical quenching (q N) were also decreased obviously. In addition, endogenous active oxygen scavenger—superoxide dismutase (SOD) reduced, superoxide anion radical (O -· 2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated, as a result, photooxidation of leaves occurred under chilling temperature and strong light stress conditions. Obvious differences in the changes of the above mentioned physiological parameters between indica and japonica rice were observed. Experiments in leaves treated with inhibitors under chilling temperature and strong light conditions showed that indica rice was more sensitive to chilling temperature with strong light and subjected to photooxidation more than japonica rice. Notable positive correlation between D1 protein contents and F v/F m or (A+Z)/(A+Z+V), and a marked negative correlation between F v/F m and MDA contents were obtained by regression analysis in indica and japonica rice during chilling temperature and strong light conditions. According to the facts mentioned above, it was inferred that PSⅡ photochemical efficiency(F v/F m) was the key index to forecast for the prediction of photooxidation under stress circumstances and the physiological basis were the synthetic capacity of D1 protein and the protection of xanthophyll cycle.展开更多
文摘The conceptions of the knowledge screen generated by S-rough sets are given: f- screen and - screen , and then puts forward - filter theorem, - filter theorem of knowledge. At last, the applications of knowledge separation are given according to - screen and - screen.
文摘从香蕉园和其他果园土壤中分离获得4株对香蕉枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense）具有抑制作用的拮抗菌，并对其抑菌效果和防治效果进行了测定．结果表明，bio-d4、bio-d5、bio-B3和bio—P等4株拮抗菌与香蕉枯萎病菌对峙培养5d后，在平板上产生了明显的抑菌带，其宽度为16．5～20．5mm；培养10d后，仍然保持稳定的抑菌效果；其发酵原液对孢子萌发具有显著的抑制作用，抑制率为90．5％-97．2％；bio-d4、bio—d5和bio—B3发酵液100倍、200倍和300倍稀释液的防治效果为53．3％-80．2％，显著大于bio—P和恶霉灵的防治效果．
文摘目的对络石藤中的三萜类化合物进行分离鉴定。方法采用硅胶、反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱方法进行分离,NM R等波谱学方法进行结构鉴定。结果从络石藤中分离鉴定8个三萜类化合物:络石苷F(tra-che losperos ide F,Ⅰ)、络石苷B-1(trache losperos ide B-1,Ⅱ)、络石苷D-1(trache losperos ide D-1,Ⅲ)、络石苷E-1(trache losperos ide E-1,Ⅳ)、3-βO-D-g lucopyranos ide qu inov ic ac id(Ⅴ)、3β-O--βD-g lucopyrano isde qu inov ic ac id27-O--βD-g lucopyranosy l ester(Ⅵ)、3β-O--βD-g lucopyranos ide c incho lic ac id 27-O--βD-g lucopyranosy l ester(Ⅶ)、络石苷元B(trache losperogen in B,Ⅷ)。结论Ⅰ为新化合物,其余均为首次从该植物中分离得到。
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.ISSASIP0703,Kzcx2-yw-408,and Kzcx3-sw-439)
文摘A pot experiment was conducted to study the plant growth and fruit yields of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） on a greenhouse soil with or without inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMFs） and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp, cucumerinum under unsterilized conditions. Two AMF inocula were tested： only one AMF strain Glomus caledonium 90036 and an AMF consortium mainly consisting of Glornus spp. and Acaulospora spp. There were four treatments including no inoculation （control）, inoculation with F. oxysporum but without mycorrhizae （FO）, inoculation with F. oxysporum and G. caledonium （FO＋M1）, and inoculation with F. oxysporum and the AMF consortium （FO＋M2）. Cucumber plants were harvested at weeks 3 and 9 after transplanting. Compared with the control, the FO treatment without AMF inoculation had less biomass both at weeks 3 and 9 （P 〈 0.05） and had higher incidence of Fusarium wilt and produced no cucumber fruit at week 9. Both FO＋M1 and FO＋M2 treatments had higher mycorrhizal colonization than the treatments which received no AMF inoculation at week 3 （P 〈 0.05）, but only the FO＋M2 treatment elevated plant biomass, decreased the incidence of Fusarium wilt, and improved cucumber yields to the same level as the control at week 9. The results indicated that the AMF consortium could suppress Fusarium wilt of cucumber and, therefore, showed potential as a biological control agent in greenhouse agroecosystems.
基金supported by Hebei Tangshan Science and Technology Project No.121302118b~~
文摘Objective：To observe effects of wrist-ankle acupuncture （WAA） onβ-endorphin （EP）, nitric oxide （NO） in uterus tissue and prostaglandin F2α （PGF2α）, substance P （SP） in serum of rats with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods：A total of 45 non-pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group and a WAA group, 15 rats in each group. Rats in the model group and the WAA group received continuous abdominal subcutaneous injection of Diethylstilbestrol to establish dysmenorrhea rat models. On the first day after modeling, rats in the WAA group began to receive acupuncture on Point Lower 1 and Point Lower 2, once a day for 10 d. The control group and the model group didn’t receive any treatment. Writhing latencies and frequencies were recorded.β-EP and NO in uterus tissue homogenates and PGF2α, SP in serum were detected. Results：In the model group,β-EP and NO levels were the lowest among the groups, the serum PGF2α level was the highest, and serum SP level was the lowest. These measurements showed significantly difference between the model group and the control group （P〈0.05）. PGF2α in the WAA group was lower than that in the model group;β-EP, NO and SP levels were higher than those in the model group, with inter-group statistically significant differences （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： WAA may achieve analgesic effect through decreasing PGF2α, increasingβ-EP, NO and SP to relieve uterine cramps, increase blood flow and promote functional improvement.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81673844, 81573845, 81373773, and 81760838)the Beijing Natural| Science Foundation (No.7142144)+2 种基金China Scholarship Council Fund (No.201609110029)the Interna-tional Cooperation Project of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No.GZYYGJ2017014)the International Cooperation Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology (No.2014DFA31490).
文摘Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) and its extracts have long been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and kidney disease due to their anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and other pharmacological effects. However, the clinical immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts remain unclear, so we reviewed their effects for use in clinical practice. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent literature on the immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts in clinical studies. TwHF and its extracts affect the proliferation and activation of T and B cells;ratio of T cell subsets;inflammatory response of monocytes, macrophages, and immunoglobulins;and secretion of many cytokines. Together, these effects dictate immune function in a variety of diseases. TwHF and its extracts can be used alone or in combination with existing therapies against many immune disorders through immunomodulation.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (2007CB10920206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30730066 and30871503)
文摘Transgene escape from genetically modified （GM） rice into weedy rice via gene flow may cause undesired environmental consequences. Estimating the field performance of crop-weed hybrids will facilitate our understanding of potential introgression of crop genes （including transgenes） into weedy rice populations, allowing for effective biosafety assessment. Comparative studies of three weedy rice strains and their hybrids with two GM rice lines containing different insect- resistance transgenes （CpTI or Bt/CpTI） indicated an enhanced relative performance of the crop-weed hybrids, with taller plants, more tillers, panicles, and spikelets per plant, as well as higher 1000-seed weight, compared with the weedy rice parents, although the hybrids produced less filled seeds per plant than their weedy parents. Seeds from the F1 hybrids had higher germination rates and produced more seedlings than the weedy parents, which correlated positively with 1000-seed weight. The crop-weed hybrids demonstrated a generally enhanced relative performance than their weedy rice parents in our field experiments. These findings indicate that transgenes from GM rice can persist to and introgress into weedy rice populations through recurrent crop-to-weed gene flow with the aid of slightly increased relative fitness in F1 hybrids.
文摘Relationships between fluorescence parameters and membrane lipid peroxidation in leaves of indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) during later growth stage were studied under chilling temperature and strong light stress conditions. Results showed that D1 protein contents of PSⅡ in photosynthetic apparatus dropped, the generation of antheraxanthin (A) and zeaxanthin (Z) of xanthophyll cycle were inhibited partly, PSⅡ photochemical efficiency (F v/F m)and non-photochemical quenching (q N) were also decreased obviously. In addition, endogenous active oxygen scavenger—superoxide dismutase (SOD) reduced, superoxide anion radical (O -· 2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated, as a result, photooxidation of leaves occurred under chilling temperature and strong light stress conditions. Obvious differences in the changes of the above mentioned physiological parameters between indica and japonica rice were observed. Experiments in leaves treated with inhibitors under chilling temperature and strong light conditions showed that indica rice was more sensitive to chilling temperature with strong light and subjected to photooxidation more than japonica rice. Notable positive correlation between D1 protein contents and F v/F m or (A+Z)/(A+Z+V), and a marked negative correlation between F v/F m and MDA contents were obtained by regression analysis in indica and japonica rice during chilling temperature and strong light conditions. According to the facts mentioned above, it was inferred that PSⅡ photochemical efficiency(F v/F m) was the key index to forecast for the prediction of photooxidation under stress circumstances and the physiological basis were the synthetic capacity of D1 protein and the protection of xanthophyll cycle.
