Numerous emerging development areas worldwide are receiving attention;however,current research on land use change simulation primarily concentrates on cities,urban clusters,or larger scales.Moreover,there is a limited...Numerous emerging development areas worldwide are receiving attention;however,current research on land use change simulation primarily concentrates on cities,urban clusters,or larger scales.Moreover,there is a limited focus on understanding the impact of regional connectivity with surrounding cities and policy factors on land use change in these new areas.In this context,the present study utilizes a cellular automata(CA)model to investigate land use changes in the case of Nansha New District in Guangzhou,China.Three scenarios are examined,emphasizing conventional locational factors,policy considerations,and the influence of regional connectivity with surrounding cities.The results reveal several key findings:(1)Between 2015 and 2021,Nansha New District experienced significant land use changes,with the most notable shifts observed in cultivated land,water area,and construction land.(2)The comprehensive scenario exhibited the highest simulation accuracy,indicating that Nansha New District,as an emerging area,is notably influenced by policy factors and regional connectivity with surrounding cities.(3)Predictions for land use changes in Nansha by 2030,based on the scenario with the highest level of simulation accuracy,suggest an increase in the proportion of cultivated and forest land areas,alongside a decrease in the proportion of construction land and water area.This study contributes valuable insights to relevant studies and policymakers alike.展开更多
Population density functions have long been used to describe the spatial structure of regional population distributions.Several studies have been conducted to examine the population distribution in Shandong Province,C...Population density functions have long been used to describe the spatial structure of regional population distributions.Several studies have been conducted to examine the population distribution in Shandong Province,China,but few have applied regional density functions to the analysis.Therefore,based on the 2000,2010,and 2020 population censuses,this study used monocentric and polycentric regional density functions to study the characteristics of population agglomeration and diffusion in Shandong.This is followed by an in-depth discussion based on population growth rate data and hot-and cold-spot analyses.The results showed that the Shandong Province population was spatially unevenly distributed.Population growth rates were higher in urban centers and counties,with more significant changes in population size in the eastern coastal areas than in the inland areas.As verified in this study,the logarithmic form of the single-center regional density function R2 was greater than 0.8,which was in line with the population spatial structure of Shandong Province.During the study period,the estimated population density of the regional center and the absolute value of the regional population density gradient both increased,indicating a clear and increasing trend of centripetal agglomeration of regional centers over the study period.Overall,the R2 value of the multicenter region density function was higher than that of the single-center region density function.The polycentric regional density function showed that the population density gradient of some centers had a downward trend,which reflected the spatial development trend of outward diffusion in these centers.Meanwhile,the variation in the estimated population density and the population density gradient exhibited differences in the central population distribution patterns at different levels.展开更多
The peri-urban area is a transitional zone between the city and its hinterlands characterized by mixed land use and intensive flows of resources,people,goods,and services from and to the city center.These zones are ge...The peri-urban area is a transitional zone between the city and its hinterlands characterized by mixed land use and intensive flows of resources,people,goods,and services from and to the city center.These zones are generally misguided and haphazardly developed without a proper planning framework.The peri-urban area at present will be the urban area in the future;therefore,it needs planning intervention in its initial stage of growth.Katahari,a peri-urban area of Biratnagar metropolitan city,is developing a spontaneous lack of land use plans.Recently,the Government of Nepal has encouraged the local government to implement land use plans in the provided framework,policy,and guidelines.This study,in this context,attempts to analyze and identify land use issues and potential zones for Katahari rural municipality that also supports planning urban development in the future.The study is based on primary and secondary data and information supported by maps and figures.It is concluded that Katahari has been developed as a multi-function center adjoining the Biratnagar metropolitan city,and future expansion of the city will cover a wide range of rural municipalities.The postal highway that passes through it has attracted a wide range of urban functions.Agriculture,residential,commercial,and industrial are the main land use category at present and needs development control through providing land use zoning and related planning instruments through the increasing role of the stakeholder and the government agencies in the decision-making processes and implementation of spatial development frameworks to regulate peri-urban development in the area which will guide the future planning for liability,economic viability,social inclusion,and environmental sustainability in the area.Spill-over development activities of Biratnagar,have increased the number of economic activities,population growth,and mixed-use development.展开更多
The inefficiency of the aviation industry and the persistent rise in aviation hazards have been linked to weather phenomena.As a result,researchers are looking for better solutions to the problem.The study examined th...The inefficiency of the aviation industry and the persistent rise in aviation hazards have been linked to weather phenomena.As a result,researchers are looking for better solutions to the problem.The study examined the impact of thunderstorms on flight operations at Murtala Mohammed International Airport,Lagos.The data on thunderstorms and flight operations were sourced from Nigerian Meteorological Agency(NiMet)and Nigerian Airspace Management Agency(NAMA)respectively.In order to meet the research target,descriptive statistics(mean,standard deviation,and charts)and inferential statistics(Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation(PPMC)and Regression)were used.The significance level for all inferential analyses was set at 5%(0.05).The study revealed that 77.4%of thunderstorms occurred during the rainy season(April-October)while 22.6%occurred during the dry season(November-March).It also revealed some fluctuating movements of a thunderstorm in the study area.According to the findings,thunderstorms occur most frequently at the airport in June and less frequently in January and December.The study also discovered that thunderstorms at the airport are positively and significantly related to flight delays and cancellations,while the association between flight diversions and thunderstorm occurrence is positive but statistically insignificant.Furthermore,flight delays,flight diversions,and flight cancellations interact positively among themselves.The regression result of the study revealed that a 1%increase in thunderstorm occurrence leads to a 19.4%increase in flight delay,a 7.1%increase in flight cancellation,and a 4.3%increase in flight diversion.As a result,the study presented various regression models that may be utilized to make predictions.The study proposes consistent thunderstorm observation at the airport and steady forecasts using the regression models,based on the findings.However,it further recommends that pilots,air traffic controllers,and meteorologists be trained and retrained so that they can provide better a展开更多
The purpose of this work is to evaluate the potential of Global Positioning System(GPS)measurements for the monitoring of aeolian and coastal dynamics.The studied sites are the Moulouya estuary,Bouarfa’s area and Tig...The purpose of this work is to evaluate the potential of Global Positioning System(GPS)measurements for the monitoring of aeolian and coastal dynamics.The studied sites are the Moulouya estuary,Bouarfa’s area and Tigri Chott.The study shows that GPS is used to determine the dune kinematics and the Moulouya estuary in 3-D with an annual temporal resolution and a sub-centimeter accuracy.The GPS measurements carried out between 2013 and 2021 have shown spatial and temporal variations of the dune kinematics and Moulouya estuary.The results presented here show that the GPS measurements have the capability of continuously surveying the geomorphological entities’kinematics with small and slow displacements and thus,they could complement conventional topometric techniques in a warning system.展开更多
From data published by the Hong Kong SAR(HKSAR)government in their two sole fisheries surveys of 2006 and 2016/2017,the current authors produced regional maps using spatial interpolation to more accurately describe an...From data published by the Hong Kong SAR(HKSAR)government in their two sole fisheries surveys of 2006 and 2016/2017,the current authors produced regional maps using spatial interpolation to more accurately describe and estimate the geographic coverage of changes in fishing production in Hong Kong waters since the ground trawl ban of 2012 December 31st.These suggest the fishing industry has adapted to smaller craft,and that fishing production increased in several areas in the period after the ground trawl ban came into effect.In addition,the maps enable a smoother assessment to be made of the geospatial changes in fishing production which have occurred since the ground trawl ban and suggest a‘workaround’by fishermen.In particular,small fishing craft known as sampans are able to take advantage by being more suitable vessels for areas such as narrower or shallower bays.Marine plastics pollution is also a proxy indicator of these activities,as evidenced by discarded fishing gear that includes plastic nets,floats,and other fishing boat equipment.展开更多
London’s approaches to tackling climate change after the 21st century are multifaceted and relatively systematic.The aim of this research paper is to analyse London’s actions in response to climate change and to dra...London’s approaches to tackling climate change after the 21st century are multifaceted and relatively systematic.The aim of this research paper is to analyse London’s actions in response to climate change and to draw out what valuable lessons London has for the world in terms of its response to climate change.This paper provides an in-depth analysis of London’s policies and actions on climate mitigation in the areas of“greenhouse gas emissions”and“energy infrastructure”,and climate adaptation actions in the areas of“city green belt and urban afforestation”,“UHI and thermal crisis management”and“water supply infrastructure and sustainable drainage”.It then examines the positive aspects of these actions to determine what London has to say about climate change to the rest of the world and other cities.This paper also discovers that to effectively mitigate and adapt to climate change,London has not only established carbon reduction targets,but also created a large academic research network,represented by the LCCP.At the same time,London has developed a scientific climate change adaptation planning framework(P2R2)that focuses on four key areas:Economic,environmental,health,and infrastructure sectors,and three types of risks:Flooding,heat,and water supply,and emphasizes the dynamics and flexibility of each adaptation strategy.展开更多
The global system for mobile communication(GSM)is planned to meet the needs of the whole subscribers.The number of subscribers increased as the population increased due to the acceptance of GSM services by the subscri...The global system for mobile communication(GSM)is planned to meet the needs of the whole subscribers.The number of subscribers increased as the population increased due to the acceptance of GSM services by the subscribers.Thus,there should be a way to monitor base stations that will meet the increasing demand of subscribers in any area as a population surge will lead to more subscriptions.This will allow GSM network operators to serve their subscribers better and ease network congestion.This work presents a review of mobile evolution from the first generation to the fifth generation.A review of global positioning system(GPS)technology and its applications to geographic information systems(GIS)was done.The coordinates of these base stations were taken using a GPS device.These base station coordinates were then exported to QGIS for the design of the map.Thereafter,the output map was then integrated into the website.The discussions on the results followed and some useful suggestions given will go a long way to help the operators of GSM in Nigeria and in general.If the propositions given are adhered to,it will go a long way to help the operators reduce congestion on their network and thereby increase the satisfaction of the subscribers.展开更多
Since the beginning of the 21st century,various crisis events have occurred frequently,inflicting substantial impacts on the tourism sector,which has garnered considerable scholarly and policy attention.Nevertheless,l...Since the beginning of the 21st century,various crisis events have occurred frequently,inflicting substantial impacts on the tourism sector,which has garnered considerable scholarly and policy attention.Nevertheless,limited research has systematically explored tourism resilience at the urban scale,and there is a paucity of studies comparing regional differences in tourism resilience under distinct crisis scenarios and their underlying causes.Thus,this study focuses on the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,employing Martin’s regional economic resilience measurement method.It assesses the tourism resilience of the two regions under the impact of the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic,subsequently visualizing the data results using ArcGIS software.The study also endeavors to unveil potential causes for disparities in urban tourism resilience.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,regions with higher economic development exhibit relatively weaker tourism resilience during economic crises,yet demonstrate comparatively stronger resilience during public crises.Secondly,distinct differentiations exist both between and within the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,primarily stemming from variations such as geographical positioning,tourism resource endowments,and industrial and economic structures,both regionally and within individual cities.Thirdly,the determination of regional tourism resilience is intricate and cannot be restricted to a single dimension;multidimensional indicators better encapsulate the essence of regional tourism resilience.展开更多
The escalating occurrence of severe climatic events over the past decade,with a projection for further intensification due to the climate emergency,underscores the critical role of urban and regional planning in clima...The escalating occurrence of severe climatic events over the past decade,with a projection for further intensification due to the climate emergency,underscores the critical role of urban and regional planning in climate action towards just cities.Municipalities and regions are both significant contributors to CO_(2)emissions and are vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change.This paper contends that urban and regional planning must undergo a paradigm shift to address this challenge.Climate justice,encompassing dimensions of inequality and environmental equity,is a pivotal dialogue in these contexts.Through a comprehensive review,this study contributes to the evolving landscape of climate justice planning and policy,offering insights that could resonate across the Global South and beyond.As an illustrative case,the authors delve into Brazil’s climate challenges,discussing adaptation planning and post-disaster response,and emphasizing the need for localized and community-driven initiatives.This article delves into the interplay between Loss and Damage,adaptation,and just cities,with a focus on the Global South.The authors scrutinize the emerging discourse on Loss and Damage,its associations with climate impacts,and the quest for a just and equitable approach.The work advances the understanding of the distinction between adaptation and Loss and Damage actions,highlighting the significance of a dedicated fund for addressing Loss and Damage in vulnerable countries.展开更多
With the rapid development of tourism and urbanization in China,small tourism towns gradually grow toward prosperity.This paper takes Wan Town as an example to analyze the problem and countermeasures concerning the de...With the rapid development of tourism and urbanization in China,small tourism towns gradually grow toward prosperity.This paper takes Wan Town as an example to analyze the problem and countermeasures concerning the development of small tourism towns in China.There are a series of issues in the process of development of Wan Town,which includes uncoordinated architectural style,inaccurate market positioning,repeated cultural themes,and vulnerable linkage of the industrial chain.Based on the factor analysis,these development issues were classified into three categories:confusing architectural style,repetitive cultural theme,and weak linkage of industrial chain.To achieve the goal of sustainable development of small tourism towns,some countermeasures must be taken which include promoting the development of small tourism towns with the new rural revitalization,strengthening services improvement in small tourism towns,gathering industrial elements related to the tourism industry,and increasing tourism cultural connotation.展开更多
This paper extends the previously developed method of optimizing Road Weather Information Systems(RWIS)station placement by unveiling a sophisticated multi-variable semivariogram model that concurrently considers mult...This paper extends the previously developed method of optimizing Road Weather Information Systems(RWIS)station placement by unveiling a sophisticated multi-variable semivariogram model that concurrently considers multiple vital road weather variables.Previous research primarily centered on single-variable analysis focusing on road surface temperature(RST).The study bridges this oversight by introducing a framework that integrates multiple critical weather variables into the RWIS location allocation framework.This novel approach ensures balanced and equitable RWIS distribution across zones and aligns the network with areas both prone to traffic accidents and areas of high uncertainty.To demonstrate the effectiveness of this refinement,the authors applied the framework to Maine’s existing RWIS network,conducted a gap analysis through varying planning scenarios and generated optimal solutions using a heuristic optimization algorithm.The analysis identified areas that would benefit most from additional RWIS stations and guided optimal resource utilization across different road types and priority locations.A sensitivity analysis was also performed to evaluate the effect of different weightings for weather and traffic factors on the selection of optimal locations.The location solutions generated have been adopted by MaineDOT for future implementations,attesting to the model’s practicality and signifying an important advancement for more effective management of road weather conditions.展开更多
We are going through an era of rapid change.In the past three hundred years,with the development of the industrial revolution,social structure and urbanization have allowed geography to play a unique perspective...We are going through an era of rapid change.In the past three hundred years,with the development of the industrial revolution,social structure and urbanization have allowed geography to play a unique perspective in studying human-land relations,depicting how humans constantly adapt to environmental changes,forming the focus of geographical research at different times.展开更多
As humanity has been polluting the atmosphere with greenhouse gases,the planet is getting warmed up which is triggering the frequency and the intensity of extreme events like heat waves,dry conditions,wildfires,cyclon...As humanity has been polluting the atmosphere with greenhouse gases,the planet is getting warmed up which is triggering the frequency and the intensity of extreme events like heat waves,dry conditions,wildfires,cyclones,tornadoes,lightning,and massive flooding all over the planet Earth.There is considerable evidence that the concentration of greenhouse gases,especially that of CO_(2) has steadily increased in the atmosphere as a result of the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels around the world particularly during the last 70 years.The glaciers in the high mountain and polar regions are diminishing fast,sea levels are rising,and food production is being affected severely in certain parts of the world.In fact,the changing climate has currently become one of the major threats to the survival of civilization.The world scientific communities are warning of a climate emergency and requesting the decision makers to promptly respond and act to sustain life on planet Earth.To deliver net zero emissions by the year 2050,the whole world must phase out the technologies such as coal-powered thermal plants and diesel/petrol/gasoline-powered vehicles which release abundant amounts of CO_(2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and invest in the development of clean energies such as hydel,wind,solar,space-solar,and nuclear energies.This transition to a low-carbon economy with the help of these technologies together with other technologies such as hydrogen fuel,fuel cells,electric vehicles,and massive plantations is expected to take our planet Earth to a safe zone in the coming 20-30 years.展开更多
This research studied the spatiotemporal changes in land use(LU)/land cover(LC)in Dambatta local government area,with a view to identifying the effect arising from the observable changes in land use patterns.The image...This research studied the spatiotemporal changes in land use(LU)/land cover(LC)in Dambatta local government area,with a view to identifying the effect arising from the observable changes in land use patterns.The imageries used in the study were obtained from the National Space Research and Development Agency(NARSDA),Abuja.Spatial analytical techniques and descriptive statistical techniques were employed to analyze the data.The results showed 66.8%reduction in agricultural lands,45.5%reduction in vegetation cover,223.2%increase in built-up areas,269.1%increase in bare lands and 70%increase in water bodies within the 20 years.Spatio-temporal analysis of the three imageries revealed that agricultural lands were largely been taken over by urbanization while vegetation had rapidly given way to bare lands within the 20 years.It was observed that these changes resulted from anthropogenic activities,environmental factors and climate change.These result in the loss of farmlands,inadequate food supply,unemployment,inadequate industrial raw materials,reduction in revenue generated,forest depletion,desertification,wildlife extinction and temperature increase.While it is recommended that reforestation,land reclamation and irrigation agriculture should be promoted in the area,it is also suggested that further research should focus on the impact of climate change on land cover change in the area.展开更多
The study evaluated the environmental effects of an oil spill in Joinkrama 4 and Akimima Ahoada West LGA,Rivers State,Nigeria,using various vegetation indices.Location data for the spill were obtained from the Nigeria...The study evaluated the environmental effects of an oil spill in Joinkrama 4 and Akimima Ahoada West LGA,Rivers State,Nigeria,using various vegetation indices.Location data for the spill were obtained from the Nigeria Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency,and Landsat imagery was acquired from the United States Geological Survey.Three soil samples were collected from the affected area,and their analysis included measuring total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH),total hydrocarbons(THC),and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH).The obtained data were processed with ArcGIS software,utilizing different vegetation indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),Atmospheric Resistant Vegetation Index(ARVI),Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index(SAVI),Green Short Wave Infrared(GSWIR),and Green Near Infrared(GNIR).Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel.The results consistently indicated a negative impact on the environment resulting from the oil spill.A comparison of spectral reflectance values between the oil spill site and the non-oil spill site showed lower values at the oil spill site across all vegetation indices(NDVI 0.0665-0.2622,ARVI-0.0495-0.1268,SAVI 0.0333-0.1311,GSWIR-0.183-0.0517,GNIR-0.0104--0.1980),indicating damage to vegetation.Additionally,the study examined the correlation between vegetation indices and environmental parameters associated with the oil spill,revealing significant relationships with TPH,THC,and PAH.A t-test with a significance level of p<0.05 indicated significantly higher vegetation index values at the non-oil spill site compared to the oil spill site,suggesting a potential disparity in vegetation health between the two areas.Hence,this study emphasizes the harmful effect of oil spills on vegetation and highlights the importance of utilizing vegetation indices and spectral reflectance analysis to detect and monitor the impact of oil spills on vegetation.展开更多
Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually a...Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually appear in research papers,but that have notable relevance in qualitative research.The text is structured in three large parts:A conceptual vision of the new experimental geography;the experimental geo-ethnography in old social,new social and place scenarios;and finally,the most personal and emotional dimension of the research.The first part establishes the geo-ethnographic experimental context and the assumptions in fieldwork,in addition to the geo-ethnographic reconciliation process.In the second part,the main qualitative research problems related to mobility,resistance and dynamics in place are established.Finally,in the third part the research perceptions,the personal experiences,and the emotional dimension of the research in remote rural areas are established.The laboratory life of a researcher,allows one to establish scalar conclusions and rigor in qualitative research.展开更多
To solve the problems of rural revitalization performance research,a quantitative model of non-oriented range-wide EBM(Epsilon-Based Measure)-GML(Global-Malmquist)based on VRS(Variable Returns to Scale)conditions incl...To solve the problems of rural revitalization performance research,a quantitative model of non-oriented range-wide EBM(Epsilon-Based Measure)-GML(Global-Malmquist)based on VRS(Variable Returns to Scale)conditions including non-desired outputs is constructed.A comprehensive spatio-temporal heterogeneity research index system of rural revitalization performance is also constructed.Taking the typical rural in Chifeng City as an example,the panel data from 2016-2020 are selected for empirical analysis,the conclusions and countermeasures are suggested as follows:1)In general,the rural revitalization performance of Chifeng City increases significantly during the five-year period,with significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity.The overall analysis shows that the overall performance value of rural revitalization in Chifeng City is 0.683 from 2016 to 2020.The highest performance value is 1 and the lowest performance value is 0.389.The performance growth rate increases year by year,with an average annual growth rate of 4.46%.2)From 2016 to 2020,the GML index of rural revitalization performance in Chifeng City is 1.174,showing an increasing trend.Based on the range of change of GML index,Chifeng City can be classified into three types:Continuous improvement,fluctuating improvement and fluctuating decline.3)Niujiayingzi,Guandongche,Zhaidamu,and Qiangangtai rural have the highest degree of technological progress.展开更多
Coastline changes were analyzed considering the land cover types and the analysis of the causes that have determined these changes during the past decades.Through the overlapping of aerial photographs and GIS an...Coastline changes were analyzed considering the land cover types and the analysis of the causes that have determined these changes during the past decades.Through the overlapping of aerial photographs and GIS analysis,the results showed that the land surface increased with respect to the previous stage,gaining terrain to the sea,but this increment was caused by anthropogenic processes.In fact,without human pressure,the land surface beside the coastal line would have decreased,especially on the sandy beaches and coastal dunes.Therefore,the beaches are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems and geomorphological systems due to erosion and lack of sediment supply associated with the modified river courses(i.e.by the construction of reservoirs,concrete channeling,etc.),the inner land use changes,and the effects of global warming on the sea level.Climate change studies predict specific increases in the sea level along the coast.The aim of this work is to know if anthropic activity can reverse the effects of sea level rise and coastal erosion.In fact,it has been done for decades with measures aimed to correct impacts and favour economic activity(i.e.maintaining tourism resources)and not from the environmental issues.展开更多
Residential environmental quality(REQ)affects human health and quality of life(QoL).Therefore,this study assessed residents’perception of the REQ of the Yenagoa metropolis.Data for the study were sourced from t...Residential environmental quality(REQ)affects human health and quality of life(QoL).Therefore,this study assessed residents’perception of the REQ of the Yenagoa metropolis.Data for the study were sourced from the 400 administered questionnaires,which required respondents to rate their REQ based on seven selected indicators(air quality,drinking water quality,housing location,sanitation,waste management,housing accessibility and noise pollution).The respondents were sampled using the multistage sampling technique.The data were analyzed using frequency,percentage,t-test,ANOVA and REQ model.The findings show that the overall calculated REQ of Yenagoa was classified as“good quality”.The best-rated indicator was drinking water quality,while the least-rated was noise pollution.Ratings based on respondents’sex,income and educational status recorded similar results.Also,the respondents’perception of the REQ across the four zones was similar as the calculated ratings of all the zones fell under the“good quality”classification.Furthermore,the hypotheses tested revealed that there were no significant differences in the perception of the REQ by sex and income status,while significant variation exists by education status.Despite the general“good quality”rating,there is still room for improvement,especially in the areas of noise pollution,sanitation and housing location,which received relatively low ratings.展开更多
基金This research received was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42271217)the Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(Grant No.GD21CGL15).
文摘Numerous emerging development areas worldwide are receiving attention;however,current research on land use change simulation primarily concentrates on cities,urban clusters,or larger scales.Moreover,there is a limited focus on understanding the impact of regional connectivity with surrounding cities and policy factors on land use change in these new areas.In this context,the present study utilizes a cellular automata(CA)model to investigate land use changes in the case of Nansha New District in Guangzhou,China.Three scenarios are examined,emphasizing conventional locational factors,policy considerations,and the influence of regional connectivity with surrounding cities.The results reveal several key findings:(1)Between 2015 and 2021,Nansha New District experienced significant land use changes,with the most notable shifts observed in cultivated land,water area,and construction land.(2)The comprehensive scenario exhibited the highest simulation accuracy,indicating that Nansha New District,as an emerging area,is notably influenced by policy factors and regional connectivity with surrounding cities.(3)Predictions for land use changes in Nansha by 2030,based on the scenario with the highest level of simulation accuracy,suggest an increase in the proportion of cultivated and forest land areas,alongside a decrease in the proportion of construction land and water area.This study contributes valuable insights to relevant studies and policymakers alike.
基金This research was funded by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(grant number ZR202102240088).
文摘Population density functions have long been used to describe the spatial structure of regional population distributions.Several studies have been conducted to examine the population distribution in Shandong Province,China,but few have applied regional density functions to the analysis.Therefore,based on the 2000,2010,and 2020 population censuses,this study used monocentric and polycentric regional density functions to study the characteristics of population agglomeration and diffusion in Shandong.This is followed by an in-depth discussion based on population growth rate data and hot-and cold-spot analyses.The results showed that the Shandong Province population was spatially unevenly distributed.Population growth rates were higher in urban centers and counties,with more significant changes in population size in the eastern coastal areas than in the inland areas.As verified in this study,the logarithmic form of the single-center regional density function R2 was greater than 0.8,which was in line with the population spatial structure of Shandong Province.During the study period,the estimated population density of the regional center and the absolute value of the regional population density gradient both increased,indicating a clear and increasing trend of centripetal agglomeration of regional centers over the study period.Overall,the R2 value of the multicenter region density function was higher than that of the single-center region density function.The polycentric regional density function showed that the population density gradient of some centers had a downward trend,which reflected the spatial development trend of outward diffusion in these centers.Meanwhile,the variation in the estimated population density and the population density gradient exhibited differences in the central population distribution patterns at different levels.
文摘The peri-urban area is a transitional zone between the city and its hinterlands characterized by mixed land use and intensive flows of resources,people,goods,and services from and to the city center.These zones are generally misguided and haphazardly developed without a proper planning framework.The peri-urban area at present will be the urban area in the future;therefore,it needs planning intervention in its initial stage of growth.Katahari,a peri-urban area of Biratnagar metropolitan city,is developing a spontaneous lack of land use plans.Recently,the Government of Nepal has encouraged the local government to implement land use plans in the provided framework,policy,and guidelines.This study,in this context,attempts to analyze and identify land use issues and potential zones for Katahari rural municipality that also supports planning urban development in the future.The study is based on primary and secondary data and information supported by maps and figures.It is concluded that Katahari has been developed as a multi-function center adjoining the Biratnagar metropolitan city,and future expansion of the city will cover a wide range of rural municipalities.The postal highway that passes through it has attracted a wide range of urban functions.Agriculture,residential,commercial,and industrial are the main land use category at present and needs development control through providing land use zoning and related planning instruments through the increasing role of the stakeholder and the government agencies in the decision-making processes and implementation of spatial development frameworks to regulate peri-urban development in the area which will guide the future planning for liability,economic viability,social inclusion,and environmental sustainability in the area.Spill-over development activities of Biratnagar,have increased the number of economic activities,population growth,and mixed-use development.
文摘The inefficiency of the aviation industry and the persistent rise in aviation hazards have been linked to weather phenomena.As a result,researchers are looking for better solutions to the problem.The study examined the impact of thunderstorms on flight operations at Murtala Mohammed International Airport,Lagos.The data on thunderstorms and flight operations were sourced from Nigerian Meteorological Agency(NiMet)and Nigerian Airspace Management Agency(NAMA)respectively.In order to meet the research target,descriptive statistics(mean,standard deviation,and charts)and inferential statistics(Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation(PPMC)and Regression)were used.The significance level for all inferential analyses was set at 5%(0.05).The study revealed that 77.4%of thunderstorms occurred during the rainy season(April-October)while 22.6%occurred during the dry season(November-March).It also revealed some fluctuating movements of a thunderstorm in the study area.According to the findings,thunderstorms occur most frequently at the airport in June and less frequently in January and December.The study also discovered that thunderstorms at the airport are positively and significantly related to flight delays and cancellations,while the association between flight diversions and thunderstorm occurrence is positive but statistically insignificant.Furthermore,flight delays,flight diversions,and flight cancellations interact positively among themselves.The regression result of the study revealed that a 1%increase in thunderstorm occurrence leads to a 19.4%increase in flight delay,a 7.1%increase in flight cancellation,and a 4.3%increase in flight diversion.As a result,the study presented various regression models that may be utilized to make predictions.The study proposes consistent thunderstorm observation at the airport and steady forecasts using the regression models,based on the findings.However,it further recommends that pilots,air traffic controllers,and meteorologists be trained and retrained so that they can provide better a
文摘The purpose of this work is to evaluate the potential of Global Positioning System(GPS)measurements for the monitoring of aeolian and coastal dynamics.The studied sites are the Moulouya estuary,Bouarfa’s area and Tigri Chott.The study shows that GPS is used to determine the dune kinematics and the Moulouya estuary in 3-D with an annual temporal resolution and a sub-centimeter accuracy.The GPS measurements carried out between 2013 and 2021 have shown spatial and temporal variations of the dune kinematics and Moulouya estuary.The results presented here show that the GPS measurements have the capability of continuously surveying the geomorphological entities’kinematics with small and slow displacements and thus,they could complement conventional topometric techniques in a warning system.
文摘From data published by the Hong Kong SAR(HKSAR)government in their two sole fisheries surveys of 2006 and 2016/2017,the current authors produced regional maps using spatial interpolation to more accurately describe and estimate the geographic coverage of changes in fishing production in Hong Kong waters since the ground trawl ban of 2012 December 31st.These suggest the fishing industry has adapted to smaller craft,and that fishing production increased in several areas in the period after the ground trawl ban came into effect.In addition,the maps enable a smoother assessment to be made of the geospatial changes in fishing production which have occurred since the ground trawl ban and suggest a‘workaround’by fishermen.In particular,small fishing craft known as sampans are able to take advantage by being more suitable vessels for areas such as narrower or shallower bays.Marine plastics pollution is also a proxy indicator of these activities,as evidenced by discarded fishing gear that includes plastic nets,floats,and other fishing boat equipment.
文摘London’s approaches to tackling climate change after the 21st century are multifaceted and relatively systematic.The aim of this research paper is to analyse London’s actions in response to climate change and to draw out what valuable lessons London has for the world in terms of its response to climate change.This paper provides an in-depth analysis of London’s policies and actions on climate mitigation in the areas of“greenhouse gas emissions”and“energy infrastructure”,and climate adaptation actions in the areas of“city green belt and urban afforestation”,“UHI and thermal crisis management”and“water supply infrastructure and sustainable drainage”.It then examines the positive aspects of these actions to determine what London has to say about climate change to the rest of the world and other cities.This paper also discovers that to effectively mitigate and adapt to climate change,London has not only established carbon reduction targets,but also created a large academic research network,represented by the LCCP.At the same time,London has developed a scientific climate change adaptation planning framework(P2R2)that focuses on four key areas:Economic,environmental,health,and infrastructure sectors,and three types of risks:Flooding,heat,and water supply,and emphasizes the dynamics and flexibility of each adaptation strategy.
文摘The global system for mobile communication(GSM)is planned to meet the needs of the whole subscribers.The number of subscribers increased as the population increased due to the acceptance of GSM services by the subscribers.Thus,there should be a way to monitor base stations that will meet the increasing demand of subscribers in any area as a population surge will lead to more subscriptions.This will allow GSM network operators to serve their subscribers better and ease network congestion.This work presents a review of mobile evolution from the first generation to the fifth generation.A review of global positioning system(GPS)technology and its applications to geographic information systems(GIS)was done.The coordinates of these base stations were taken using a GPS device.These base station coordinates were then exported to QGIS for the design of the map.Thereafter,the output map was then integrated into the website.The discussions on the results followed and some useful suggestions given will go a long way to help the operators of GSM in Nigeria and in general.If the propositions given are adhered to,it will go a long way to help the operators reduce congestion on their network and thereby increase the satisfaction of the subscribers.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 42271182.
文摘Since the beginning of the 21st century,various crisis events have occurred frequently,inflicting substantial impacts on the tourism sector,which has garnered considerable scholarly and policy attention.Nevertheless,limited research has systematically explored tourism resilience at the urban scale,and there is a paucity of studies comparing regional differences in tourism resilience under distinct crisis scenarios and their underlying causes.Thus,this study focuses on the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,employing Martin’s regional economic resilience measurement method.It assesses the tourism resilience of the two regions under the impact of the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic,subsequently visualizing the data results using ArcGIS software.The study also endeavors to unveil potential causes for disparities in urban tourism resilience.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,regions with higher economic development exhibit relatively weaker tourism resilience during economic crises,yet demonstrate comparatively stronger resilience during public crises.Secondly,distinct differentiations exist both between and within the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta,primarily stemming from variations such as geographical positioning,tourism resource endowments,and industrial and economic structures,both regionally and within individual cities.Thirdly,the determination of regional tourism resilience is intricate and cannot be restricted to a single dimension;multidimensional indicators better encapsulate the essence of regional tourism resilience.
基金The São Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP)supported this study,with the Process 2023/09825-4.
文摘The escalating occurrence of severe climatic events over the past decade,with a projection for further intensification due to the climate emergency,underscores the critical role of urban and regional planning in climate action towards just cities.Municipalities and regions are both significant contributors to CO_(2)emissions and are vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change.This paper contends that urban and regional planning must undergo a paradigm shift to address this challenge.Climate justice,encompassing dimensions of inequality and environmental equity,is a pivotal dialogue in these contexts.Through a comprehensive review,this study contributes to the evolving landscape of climate justice planning and policy,offering insights that could resonate across the Global South and beyond.As an illustrative case,the authors delve into Brazil’s climate challenges,discussing adaptation planning and post-disaster response,and emphasizing the need for localized and community-driven initiatives.This article delves into the interplay between Loss and Damage,adaptation,and just cities,with a focus on the Global South.The authors scrutinize the emerging discourse on Loss and Damage,its associations with climate impacts,and the quest for a just and equitable approach.The work advances the understanding of the distinction between adaptation and Loss and Damage actions,highlighting the significance of a dedicated fund for addressing Loss and Damage in vulnerable countries.
基金National Social Science Foundation of China“Influence Mechanisms and Signalling Effects of Perceived,Attitudinal Differences in Tourism Eco-labelling Certification under the Perspective of Multiple Stakeholders”(Grant No.20BGL156).
文摘With the rapid development of tourism and urbanization in China,small tourism towns gradually grow toward prosperity.This paper takes Wan Town as an example to analyze the problem and countermeasures concerning the development of small tourism towns in China.There are a series of issues in the process of development of Wan Town,which includes uncoordinated architectural style,inaccurate market positioning,repeated cultural themes,and vulnerable linkage of the industrial chain.Based on the factor analysis,these development issues were classified into three categories:confusing architectural style,repetitive cultural theme,and weak linkage of industrial chain.To achieve the goal of sustainable development of small tourism towns,some countermeasures must be taken which include promoting the development of small tourism towns with the new rural revitalization,strengthening services improvement in small tourism towns,gathering industrial elements related to the tourism industry,and increasing tourism cultural connotation.
基金supported by a grant from the MaineDOT and Vanasse Hangen Brustlin(VHB).Grant number:VHB 52874.03 WIN 026140.00,Name of the author who received the funding:Tae J.Kwon.
文摘This paper extends the previously developed method of optimizing Road Weather Information Systems(RWIS)station placement by unveiling a sophisticated multi-variable semivariogram model that concurrently considers multiple vital road weather variables.Previous research primarily centered on single-variable analysis focusing on road surface temperature(RST).The study bridges this oversight by introducing a framework that integrates multiple critical weather variables into the RWIS location allocation framework.This novel approach ensures balanced and equitable RWIS distribution across zones and aligns the network with areas both prone to traffic accidents and areas of high uncertainty.To demonstrate the effectiveness of this refinement,the authors applied the framework to Maine’s existing RWIS network,conducted a gap analysis through varying planning scenarios and generated optimal solutions using a heuristic optimization algorithm.The analysis identified areas that would benefit most from additional RWIS stations and guided optimal resource utilization across different road types and priority locations.A sensitivity analysis was also performed to evaluate the effect of different weightings for weather and traffic factors on the selection of optimal locations.The location solutions generated have been adopted by MaineDOT for future implementations,attesting to the model’s practicality and signifying an important advancement for more effective management of road weather conditions.
文摘We are going through an era of rapid change.In the past three hundred years,with the development of the industrial revolution,social structure and urbanization have allowed geography to play a unique perspective in studying human-land relations,depicting how humans constantly adapt to environmental changes,forming the focus of geographical research at different times.
文摘As humanity has been polluting the atmosphere with greenhouse gases,the planet is getting warmed up which is triggering the frequency and the intensity of extreme events like heat waves,dry conditions,wildfires,cyclones,tornadoes,lightning,and massive flooding all over the planet Earth.There is considerable evidence that the concentration of greenhouse gases,especially that of CO_(2) has steadily increased in the atmosphere as a result of the indiscriminate use of fossil fuels around the world particularly during the last 70 years.The glaciers in the high mountain and polar regions are diminishing fast,sea levels are rising,and food production is being affected severely in certain parts of the world.In fact,the changing climate has currently become one of the major threats to the survival of civilization.The world scientific communities are warning of a climate emergency and requesting the decision makers to promptly respond and act to sustain life on planet Earth.To deliver net zero emissions by the year 2050,the whole world must phase out the technologies such as coal-powered thermal plants and diesel/petrol/gasoline-powered vehicles which release abundant amounts of CO_(2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and invest in the development of clean energies such as hydel,wind,solar,space-solar,and nuclear energies.This transition to a low-carbon economy with the help of these technologies together with other technologies such as hydrogen fuel,fuel cells,electric vehicles,and massive plantations is expected to take our planet Earth to a safe zone in the coming 20-30 years.
文摘This research studied the spatiotemporal changes in land use(LU)/land cover(LC)in Dambatta local government area,with a view to identifying the effect arising from the observable changes in land use patterns.The imageries used in the study were obtained from the National Space Research and Development Agency(NARSDA),Abuja.Spatial analytical techniques and descriptive statistical techniques were employed to analyze the data.The results showed 66.8%reduction in agricultural lands,45.5%reduction in vegetation cover,223.2%increase in built-up areas,269.1%increase in bare lands and 70%increase in water bodies within the 20 years.Spatio-temporal analysis of the three imageries revealed that agricultural lands were largely been taken over by urbanization while vegetation had rapidly given way to bare lands within the 20 years.It was observed that these changes resulted from anthropogenic activities,environmental factors and climate change.These result in the loss of farmlands,inadequate food supply,unemployment,inadequate industrial raw materials,reduction in revenue generated,forest depletion,desertification,wildlife extinction and temperature increase.While it is recommended that reforestation,land reclamation and irrigation agriculture should be promoted in the area,it is also suggested that further research should focus on the impact of climate change on land cover change in the area.
文摘The study evaluated the environmental effects of an oil spill in Joinkrama 4 and Akimima Ahoada West LGA,Rivers State,Nigeria,using various vegetation indices.Location data for the spill were obtained from the Nigeria Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency,and Landsat imagery was acquired from the United States Geological Survey.Three soil samples were collected from the affected area,and their analysis included measuring total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH),total hydrocarbons(THC),and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH).The obtained data were processed with ArcGIS software,utilizing different vegetation indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),Atmospheric Resistant Vegetation Index(ARVI),Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index(SAVI),Green Short Wave Infrared(GSWIR),and Green Near Infrared(GNIR).Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel.The results consistently indicated a negative impact on the environment resulting from the oil spill.A comparison of spectral reflectance values between the oil spill site and the non-oil spill site showed lower values at the oil spill site across all vegetation indices(NDVI 0.0665-0.2622,ARVI-0.0495-0.1268,SAVI 0.0333-0.1311,GSWIR-0.183-0.0517,GNIR-0.0104--0.1980),indicating damage to vegetation.Additionally,the study examined the correlation between vegetation indices and environmental parameters associated with the oil spill,revealing significant relationships with TPH,THC,and PAH.A t-test with a significance level of p<0.05 indicated significantly higher vegetation index values at the non-oil spill site compared to the oil spill site,suggesting a potential disparity in vegetation health between the two areas.Hence,this study emphasizes the harmful effect of oil spills on vegetation and highlights the importance of utilizing vegetation indices and spectral reflectance analysis to detect and monitor the impact of oil spills on vegetation.
文摘Through the Latour concept of philosophy of science of laboratory life,the life course of a(geo)ethnographer researcher is analyzed,in order to establish the emotional or more personal dimensions that do not usually appear in research papers,but that have notable relevance in qualitative research.The text is structured in three large parts:A conceptual vision of the new experimental geography;the experimental geo-ethnography in old social,new social and place scenarios;and finally,the most personal and emotional dimension of the research.The first part establishes the geo-ethnographic experimental context and the assumptions in fieldwork,in addition to the geo-ethnographic reconciliation process.In the second part,the main qualitative research problems related to mobility,resistance and dynamics in place are established.Finally,in the third part the research perceptions,the personal experiences,and the emotional dimension of the research in remote rural areas are established.The laboratory life of a researcher,allows one to establish scalar conclusions and rigor in qualitative research.
基金Research on Local Knowledge Mapping and Planning Application Strategies of Traditional Rural in Qinba Mountains(No.19YJAZH107)Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Fund,Ministry of Education,China.
文摘To solve the problems of rural revitalization performance research,a quantitative model of non-oriented range-wide EBM(Epsilon-Based Measure)-GML(Global-Malmquist)based on VRS(Variable Returns to Scale)conditions including non-desired outputs is constructed.A comprehensive spatio-temporal heterogeneity research index system of rural revitalization performance is also constructed.Taking the typical rural in Chifeng City as an example,the panel data from 2016-2020 are selected for empirical analysis,the conclusions and countermeasures are suggested as follows:1)In general,the rural revitalization performance of Chifeng City increases significantly during the five-year period,with significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity.The overall analysis shows that the overall performance value of rural revitalization in Chifeng City is 0.683 from 2016 to 2020.The highest performance value is 1 and the lowest performance value is 0.389.The performance growth rate increases year by year,with an average annual growth rate of 4.46%.2)From 2016 to 2020,the GML index of rural revitalization performance in Chifeng City is 1.174,showing an increasing trend.Based on the range of change of GML index,Chifeng City can be classified into three types:Continuous improvement,fluctuating improvement and fluctuating decline.3)Niujiayingzi,Guandongche,Zhaidamu,and Qiangangtai rural have the highest degree of technological progress.
基金Acknowledge to the National Geographic Institute for supporting the free access and availability of geographical data for researchers.
文摘Coastline changes were analyzed considering the land cover types and the analysis of the causes that have determined these changes during the past decades.Through the overlapping of aerial photographs and GIS analysis,the results showed that the land surface increased with respect to the previous stage,gaining terrain to the sea,but this increment was caused by anthropogenic processes.In fact,without human pressure,the land surface beside the coastal line would have decreased,especially on the sandy beaches and coastal dunes.Therefore,the beaches are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems and geomorphological systems due to erosion and lack of sediment supply associated with the modified river courses(i.e.by the construction of reservoirs,concrete channeling,etc.),the inner land use changes,and the effects of global warming on the sea level.Climate change studies predict specific increases in the sea level along the coast.The aim of this work is to know if anthropic activity can reverse the effects of sea level rise and coastal erosion.In fact,it has been done for decades with measures aimed to correct impacts and favour economic activity(i.e.maintaining tourism resources)and not from the environmental issues.
文摘Residential environmental quality(REQ)affects human health and quality of life(QoL).Therefore,this study assessed residents’perception of the REQ of the Yenagoa metropolis.Data for the study were sourced from the 400 administered questionnaires,which required respondents to rate their REQ based on seven selected indicators(air quality,drinking water quality,housing location,sanitation,waste management,housing accessibility and noise pollution).The respondents were sampled using the multistage sampling technique.The data were analyzed using frequency,percentage,t-test,ANOVA and REQ model.The findings show that the overall calculated REQ of Yenagoa was classified as“good quality”.The best-rated indicator was drinking water quality,while the least-rated was noise pollution.Ratings based on respondents’sex,income and educational status recorded similar results.Also,the respondents’perception of the REQ across the four zones was similar as the calculated ratings of all the zones fell under the“good quality”classification.Furthermore,the hypotheses tested revealed that there were no significant differences in the perception of the REQ by sex and income status,while significant variation exists by education status.Despite the general“good quality”rating,there is still room for improvement,especially in the areas of noise pollution,sanitation and housing location,which received relatively low ratings.
