利用National Centers for Environmental Prediction及环境监测站大气成分监测资料,分析了2010年3月21—22日杭州地区浮尘天气的影响系统及污染特征,得出"3.21"浮尘天气发生时,空气质量等级为重度污染,吸入颗粒物的浓度达到...利用National Centers for Environmental Prediction及环境监测站大气成分监测资料,分析了2010年3月21—22日杭州地区浮尘天气的影响系统及污染特征,得出"3.21"浮尘天气发生时,空气质量等级为重度污染,吸入颗粒物的浓度达到罕见的高值;浮尘天气源自北方蒙古的沙尘暴,并随着强冷空气先自西向东、后自北向南先后影响到我国西北、华北、东北至华东北部地区、长江中下游等地区。当700 hPa高空槽过境,干冷空气侵入且配合下沉运动时,大量沙砾被带到近地面,"浮尘"天气爆发;之后在高压系统控制下,近地面风向的迅速变化,较湿的偏东气流阻滞及弱的湍流作用,使得沙尘粒子难以扩散,不易沉降,浮尘天气维持。展开更多
Aerosol observational data at 8 ground-based observation sites in the Chinese Sun Hazemeter Network （CSHNET） were analyzed to characterize the optical properties of aerosol particles during the strong dust storm of ...Aerosol observational data at 8 ground-based observation sites in the Chinese Sun Hazemeter Network （CSHNET） were analyzed to characterize the optical properties of aerosol particles during the strong dust storm of 16-21 April 2005. The observational aerosol optical depth （AOD） increased significantly during this dust storm at sites in Beijing city （86%）, Beijing forest （84%）, Xianghe （13%）, Shapotou （27%）, Shenyang （47%）, Shanghai （23%）, and Jiaozhou Bay （24%）. The API （air pollution index） in Beijing and Tianjin also had a similar rise during the dust storm, while the Angstrhm exponent （a） declined evidently at sites in Beijing city （21%）, Beijing forest （39%）, Xianghe （19%）, Ordos （77%）, Shapotou （50%）, Shanghai （12%）, and Jiaozhou Bay （21%）, respectively. Furthermore, The observational AOD and a demonstrated contrary trends during M1 storm stages （pre-dust storm, dust storm, and post-dust storm）, with the AOD indicating an obvious ＂Valley Peak-Valley＂ pattern of variation, while a demonstrated a ＂Peak-Valley- Peak＂ pattern. In addition, the dust module in a regional climate model （RegCM3） simulated the dust storm occurrence and track accurately and RegCM3 was able to basically simulate the trends in AOD. The simulation results for the North China stations were the best, and the simulation for dust-source stations was on the high side, while the simulation was on the low side for coastal sites.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(No.2007CB407303)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40675073)the 863 Program (No.2006AA06A303)
文摘Aerosol observational data at 8 ground-based observation sites in the Chinese Sun Hazemeter Network （CSHNET） were analyzed to characterize the optical properties of aerosol particles during the strong dust storm of 16-21 April 2005. The observational aerosol optical depth （AOD） increased significantly during this dust storm at sites in Beijing city （86%）, Beijing forest （84%）, Xianghe （13%）, Shapotou （27%）, Shenyang （47%）, Shanghai （23%）, and Jiaozhou Bay （24%）. The API （air pollution index） in Beijing and Tianjin also had a similar rise during the dust storm, while the Angstrhm exponent （a） declined evidently at sites in Beijing city （21%）, Beijing forest （39%）, Xianghe （19%）, Ordos （77%）, Shapotou （50%）, Shanghai （12%）, and Jiaozhou Bay （21%）, respectively. Furthermore, The observational AOD and a demonstrated contrary trends during M1 storm stages （pre-dust storm, dust storm, and post-dust storm）, with the AOD indicating an obvious ＂Valley Peak-Valley＂ pattern of variation, while a demonstrated a ＂Peak-Valley- Peak＂ pattern. In addition, the dust module in a regional climate model （RegCM3） simulated the dust storm occurrence and track accurately and RegCM3 was able to basically simulate the trends in AOD. The simulation results for the North China stations were the best, and the simulation for dust-source stations was on the high side, while the simulation was on the low side for coastal sites.
