Characteristics of the relationship between precipitation variation trends (PVT) and altitude were analyzed using monthly mean precipitation data from 526 observation stations in China from 1961 to 2008.With respect t...Characteristics of the relationship between precipitation variation trends (PVT) and altitude were analyzed using monthly mean precipitation data from 526 observation stations in China from 1961 to 2008.With respect to elevation,China was divided into three subregions,below 200 m,200-1500 m,and above 1500 m.The results showed that the correlations between annual PVT and altitude are different among the three regions.In the region below 200 m in elevation,the best relationship has a correlation coefficient of-0.19 (0.49),passing the 90% (99.9%) significance level south (north) of 35 N.However,the correlation coefficient is close to zero,and the latitude strongly governs the spatial distribution of the amplitude of annual PVT in the 200-1500-m elevation region.In most of the Tibetan Plateau,where the elevation is greater than 1500 m,there is a weak negative correlation.The Mann-Kendall method was used to test the trend of regional mean annual precipitation,which indicated that the annual mean precipitation had no obvious trend of change in China due to the reverse significant variation trends in different areas of the country.展开更多
依据Climatic Research Unit(CRU)1930~2009年间的最新0.5°×0.5°网格点的月均降水量序列,本文分析了中亚干旱区近80年来的降水变化特征及其区域差异.结果发现,近80年来主要受西风环流控制的中亚干旱区年降水整体上表现...依据Climatic Research Unit(CRU)1930~2009年间的最新0.5°×0.5°网格点的月均降水量序列,本文分析了中亚干旱区近80年来的降水变化特征及其区域差异.结果发现,近80年来主要受西风环流控制的中亚干旱区年降水整体上表现出增加趋势,年降水中以冬季降水的增加趋势最明显(0.7mm/10a).中亚干旱区近80年来的降水变化存在空间差异,可划分为五个降水变化区域(Ⅰ-哈萨克斯坦西区,Ⅱ-哈萨克斯坦东区,Ⅲ-中亚平原区,Ⅳ-吉尔吉斯斯坦区,Ⅴ-伊朗高原区),根据年降水分布模式以45°N为界划分为两类:研究区北部的两个区(Ⅰ和Ⅱ区)四季降水较均匀,南部的三个区均以春、冬季降水为主(占全年降水的60%~82%).在降水变化趋势上,除了中亚干旱区西南(Ⅴ区)在近80年来有微弱的减少趋势外,其他四区均表现为增加趋势,尤以干旱区西部的Ⅰ区和Ⅲ区降水增加显著.近80年来降水增加或者减少的趋势主要取决于冬季的变化趋势.研究还发现,中亚干旱区降水存在较明显的年际变化, 中亚干旱区及其各分区都具有2~3 a的显著周期,南部三区(Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ区)还存在5~6 a的显著周期,在此基础上都具有3~4个阶段性的变化趋势.最近一次趋势性变化开始于20世纪70年代中后期,研究区降水更多的表现出区域的差异性.近80年来,中亚干旱区降水对全球变暖的响应复杂,西风环流变化可能是影响中亚干旱区降水变化的主要因素.展开更多
基金supported by of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Key Program,Grant No.40830956and Grant Nos. 40775055 and 40828004)
文摘Characteristics of the relationship between precipitation variation trends (PVT) and altitude were analyzed using monthly mean precipitation data from 526 observation stations in China from 1961 to 2008.With respect to elevation,China was divided into three subregions,below 200 m,200-1500 m,and above 1500 m.The results showed that the correlations between annual PVT and altitude are different among the three regions.In the region below 200 m in elevation,the best relationship has a correlation coefficient of-0.19 (0.49),passing the 90% (99.9%) significance level south (north) of 35 N.However,the correlation coefficient is close to zero,and the latitude strongly governs the spatial distribution of the amplitude of annual PVT in the 200-1500-m elevation region.In most of the Tibetan Plateau,where the elevation is greater than 1500 m,there is a weak negative correlation.The Mann-Kendall method was used to test the trend of regional mean annual precipitation,which indicated that the annual mean precipitation had no obvious trend of change in China due to the reverse significant variation trends in different areas of the country.