The purpose of this study is to investigate the entire evolution process of shales with various total organic contents(TOC)in order to build models for quantitative evaluation of oil and gas yields and establish metho...The purpose of this study is to investigate the entire evolution process of shales with various total organic contents(TOC)in order to build models for quantitative evaluation of oil and gas yields and establish methods for assessing recoverable oil and gas resources from in-situ conversion of organic matters in shale.Thermal simulation experiments under in-situ conversion conditions were conducted on Chang 7_(3) shales from the Ordos Basin in a semi-open system with large capacity.The results showed that TOC and R_(o) were the key factors affecting the in-situ transformation potential of shale.The remaining oil and gas yields increased linearly with TOC but inconsistently with R_(o).R_(o) ranged 0.75%—1.25%and 1.05%—2.3%,respectively,corresponding to the main oil generation stage and gas generation stage of shale in-situ transformation.Thus a model to evaluate the remaining oil/gas yield with TOC and R_(o) was obtained.The TOC of shale suitable for in-situ conversion should be greater than 6%,whereas its R_(o) should be less than 1.0%.Shales with 0.75%(R_(o))could obtain the best economic benefit.The results provided a theoretical basis and evaluation methodology for predicting the hydrocarbon resources from in-situ conversion of shale and for the identification of the optimum“sweet spots”.The assessment of the Chang 7_(3) shale in the Ordos Basin indicated that the recoverable oil and gas resources from in-situ conversion of organic matters in shale are substantial,with oil and gas resources reaching approximately 450×10^(8) t and 30×10^(12)m^(3),respectively,from an area of 4.27×10^(4) km^(2).展开更多
The mechanism study of earthquake occurrence is of great importance to the society,for earthquakes are one of the most damaging natural catastrophes[1,2].Studies show that an earthquake produces a net reduction of str...The mechanism study of earthquake occurrence is of great importance to the society,for earthquakes are one of the most damaging natural catastrophes[1,2].Studies show that an earthquake produces a net reduction of stress on the fault,yet the stress does not disappear,but is transferred to nearby regions,changing the stress state and seismicity of surrounding faults.展开更多
为研究2018年7月5日南京暴雨天气过程,利用NCEP(national centers environmental prediction)全球客观分析资料、中国气象数据网提供的逐时降水数据以及WRF(the weather research and forecasting)中尺度数值模式对2018年7月5日南京特...为研究2018年7月5日南京暴雨天气过程,利用NCEP(national centers environmental prediction)全球客观分析资料、中国气象数据网提供的逐时降水数据以及WRF(the weather research and forecasting)中尺度数值模式对2018年7月5日南京特大暴雨天气过程进行诊断分析。结果表明:WRF模式对暴雨发生的时间、强度以及落区模拟效果较好,地面风场辐合是本次暴雨过程的关键触发机制,低层辐合加强垂直上升运动,使对流发展旺盛,进而形成暴雨。华北高压南侧的东北气流与西南低空急流输送的暖湿气流在华东北部交绥形成切变线,切变线上的中尺度低涡稳定少动,为暴雨提供动力机制。沿低空急流的中尺度大风速中心在南京上空形成风速辐合,加强低层水汽横向输送,为暴雨提供水汽条件。700 hPa非地转湿Q矢量负散度区对未来6 h降水落区具有重要的指示意义,降水中心位于Q矢量负散度梯度大值区。用Q矢量锋生函数差值表示锋生函数的变化,具有中尺度特征,对预报降水的落区具有更好的指示意义。展开更多
基金supported by PetroChina Co Ltd.(Grant number:2015D-4810-02,2018YCQ03,2021DJ52)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number:42172170)
文摘The purpose of this study is to investigate the entire evolution process of shales with various total organic contents(TOC)in order to build models for quantitative evaluation of oil and gas yields and establish methods for assessing recoverable oil and gas resources from in-situ conversion of organic matters in shale.Thermal simulation experiments under in-situ conversion conditions were conducted on Chang 7_(3) shales from the Ordos Basin in a semi-open system with large capacity.The results showed that TOC and R_(o) were the key factors affecting the in-situ transformation potential of shale.The remaining oil and gas yields increased linearly with TOC but inconsistently with R_(o).R_(o) ranged 0.75%—1.25%and 1.05%—2.3%,respectively,corresponding to the main oil generation stage and gas generation stage of shale in-situ transformation.Thus a model to evaluate the remaining oil/gas yield with TOC and R_(o) was obtained.The TOC of shale suitable for in-situ conversion should be greater than 6%,whereas its R_(o) should be less than 1.0%.Shales with 0.75%(R_(o))could obtain the best economic benefit.The results provided a theoretical basis and evaluation methodology for predicting the hydrocarbon resources from in-situ conversion of shale and for the identification of the optimum“sweet spots”.The assessment of the Chang 7_(3) shale in the Ordos Basin indicated that the recoverable oil and gas resources from in-situ conversion of organic matters in shale are substantial,with oil and gas resources reaching approximately 450×10^(8) t and 30×10^(12)m^(3),respectively,from an area of 4.27×10^(4) km^(2).
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(201YFC1500302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41674106).
文摘The mechanism study of earthquake occurrence is of great importance to the society,for earthquakes are one of the most damaging natural catastrophes[1,2].Studies show that an earthquake produces a net reduction of stress on the fault,yet the stress does not disappear,but is transferred to nearby regions,changing the stress state and seismicity of surrounding faults.
文摘为研究2018年7月5日南京暴雨天气过程,利用NCEP(national centers environmental prediction)全球客观分析资料、中国气象数据网提供的逐时降水数据以及WRF(the weather research and forecasting)中尺度数值模式对2018年7月5日南京特大暴雨天气过程进行诊断分析。结果表明:WRF模式对暴雨发生的时间、强度以及落区模拟效果较好,地面风场辐合是本次暴雨过程的关键触发机制,低层辐合加强垂直上升运动,使对流发展旺盛,进而形成暴雨。华北高压南侧的东北气流与西南低空急流输送的暖湿气流在华东北部交绥形成切变线,切变线上的中尺度低涡稳定少动,为暴雨提供动力机制。沿低空急流的中尺度大风速中心在南京上空形成风速辐合,加强低层水汽横向输送,为暴雨提供水汽条件。700 hPa非地转湿Q矢量负散度区对未来6 h降水落区具有重要的指示意义,降水中心位于Q矢量负散度梯度大值区。用Q矢量锋生函数差值表示锋生函数的变化,具有中尺度特征,对预报降水的落区具有更好的指示意义。
