Background Many potential causative factors are related to the initiation and progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The aim of this research was to investigate the etiology and clinical features of osteone...Background Many potential causative factors are related to the initiation and progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The aim of this research was to investigate the etiology and clinical features of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Chinese patients. Methods From January 1990 to July 2011, 643 cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head were investigated retrospectively to analyze the potential causative factors, age, gender, latency period, time from the onset of pain to diagnosis, and Association Research Circulation Osseous stage. Results Of 643 cases, 315 cases were bilateral and 328 cases were unilateral, with an average age of （47.55±15.27） years. In the steroid-induced group, the average age at symptom onset was （41.80±15.47） years, and the median duration from taking steroid to the onset of pain was 36 months. The underlying diseases in the steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head group consisted of autoimmune and other diseases, of which systemic lupus erythematosus was the most common. In the alcohol-induced group, the average age at onset of symptoms was （48.06±11.90） years and the median time of habitual alcohol use was 240 months. In the traumatic group, the average age was （51.43±14.23） years and the median time from trauma to the onset of pain was 20 months. In the idiopathic group, the average age was （50.33±15.88） years. Of the total of 958 hips, 647 were at stage III or IV. The stage at diagnosis was earlier in the steroid-induced group than in the alcohol-induced, traumatic, or idiopathic groups. Conclusions Steroid use is the most common cause for osteonecrosis of the femoral head in this study. The age at diaqnosis, time from the onset of pain to diaqnosis, and staqe were significantly earlier in the steroid-induced .qroup.展开更多
目的:评价北京市医药分开综合改革的实施对于门急诊患者就医流向的影响。方法:对北京市卫计委信息中心收集的2016年1月—2017年10月的各级医疗机构门急诊就诊人次数据的变化趋势进行分析,并采用间断时间序列分析(Interrupted Time Serie...目的:评价北京市医药分开综合改革的实施对于门急诊患者就医流向的影响。方法:对北京市卫计委信息中心收集的2016年1月—2017年10月的各级医疗机构门急诊就诊人次数据的变化趋势进行分析,并采用间断时间序列分析(Interrupted Time Series,ITS)方法分析北京市医药分开综合改革对其影响。结果:2017年4—10月,三级医院平均每家医疗机构门急诊人次同比下降12.11%;二级医院平均每家医疗机构门急诊人次同比下降2.10%;基层医疗卫生机构平均每家机构门急诊人次同比上升11.49%。结论:北京市医药分开综合改革通过医事服务费的调整和基层用药目录与三级医院对接等主要措施,使得门急诊患者就诊流向发生明显变化,长期下去需要引起注意的是基层是否有动力接收病人,以及能否接住病人的问题。展开更多
目的分析探讨头颈部恶性肿瘤(head and neck cancer,HNC)患者放射治疗(放疗)结束时的营养不良状况与营养相关症状和生活质量的关系。方法通过便利抽样法选择2018年12月至2020年1月于北京某肿瘤医院放疗科门诊头颈组完成放疗的HNC患者为...目的分析探讨头颈部恶性肿瘤(head and neck cancer,HNC)患者放射治疗(放疗)结束时的营养不良状况与营养相关症状和生活质量的关系。方法通过便利抽样法选择2018年12月至2020年1月于北京某肿瘤医院放疗科门诊头颈组完成放疗的HNC患者为横断面研究对象。采用以下3种标准进行营养不良评定:体重指数(body mass index,BMI)<18.5 kg/m^2伴一般情况差(简称BMI标准);营养风险筛查2002评分(nutritional risking screening 2002,NRS 2002)营养状态受损评分为3分(简称NRS 2002标准);全球(营养)领导人诊断营养不良标准(global leadership initiative on malnutrition,GLIM)但不包括肌肉量测定(简称GLIM标准),并根据GLIM标准将患者分为营养不良与营养正常两组。采用头颈部患者症状调查表调查营养相关症状情况。采用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生活质量核心评定量表调查生活质量。结果共210例HNC患者纳入分析,根据BMI标准,19例(9.0%)患者存在营养不良;根据NRS 2002标准,110例(52.4%)患者存在营养不良;根据GLIM标准,145例(69.0%)患者存在营养不良。发生率>80.0%的营养相关症状有疼痛、口干、唾液黏稠和味觉改变,对进食干扰程度>3分的营养相关症状有疼痛、吞咽困难、口腔溃疡、味觉改变和食欲不振;总体健康状况得分为(51.47±21.48)分。营养不良患者与营养正常患者相比,营养相关症状频率总分更高(40.09±9.23)分比(33.63±9.13)分,P<0.01;对进食干扰程度总分更高(30.97±6.53)分比(25.85±6.54)分,P<0.01;而总体健康状况得分则更低(48.10±20.59)分比(58.97±21.67)分,P=0.001。结论HNC患者放疗结束时营养不良发生率高,营养相关症状普遍且对进食影响大,营养不良患者的营养相关症状更多、更重,生活质量更差,提示医护人员应持续关注放疗结束后HNC患者的营养状况和营养相关症状情况,进行营养干预及症状管理,以改善其生活质量。展开更多
BACKGROUND Post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)is not only a common consequence of stroke but also an important factor for adverse prognosis of patients.Biochemical indicators such as blood lipids and blood pressure...BACKGROUND Post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)is not only a common consequence of stroke but also an important factor for adverse prognosis of patients.Biochemical indicators such as blood lipids and blood pressure are affected by many factors,and the ability of evaluating the progress of patients with PSCI is insufficient.Therefore,it is necessary to find sensitive markers for predicting the progress of patients and avoiding PSCI.Recent studies have shown thatβ-amyloid protein 1-42(Aβ1-42)and thyroid hormone levels are closely related to PSCI,which may be the influencing factors of PSCI,but there are few related studies.AIM To investigate the relationship between serum levels of Aβand thyroid hormones in acute stage and PSCI and its predicted value.METHODS A total of 195 patients with acute cerebral infarction confirmed from June 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled in this study.Baseline data and serological indicators were recorded to assess cognitive function of patients.All patients were followed up for 1 year.Their cognitive functions were evaluated within 1 wk,3 mo,6 mo and 1 yr after stroke.At the end of follow-up,the patients were divided into PSCI and non-PSCI according to Montreal cognitive assessment score,and the relationship between biochemical indexes and the progression of PSCI was explored.RESULTS Compared with patients with non-PSCI,the levels of Aβ1-42,triiodothyronine(T3)and free thyroxin were lower in the patients with PSCI.Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the overall content of Aβ1-42 and T3 in PSCI was also lower than that of the non-PSCI patients.Further analysis revealed that Aβ1-42(r=0.348),T3(r=0.273)and free thyroxin(r=0.214)were positively correlated with disease progression(P<0.05),suggesting that these indicators have the potential to predict disease progression and outcome.Cox regression analysis showed that Aβ1-42 and T3 were important factors of PSCI.Then stratified analysis showed that the lower the Aβ1-42 and T3,the higher risk of PSCI in patients who展开更多
Background:Recent upsurge of new HIV infections among men who have sex with men(MSM)is a major concern in China.Paucity of national-level information regarding the burden and predictors of this progressive epidemic of...Background:Recent upsurge of new HIV infections among men who have sex with men(MSM)is a major concern in China.Paucity of national-level information regarding the burden and predictors of this progressive epidemic of new infections called for a multi-centric,timely and comprehensive investigation.Methods:Mixed methods were used to recruit MSM from seven cities in China between 2012 and 2013.Recent and established HIV infections were estimated by Western Blot and BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay.Syphilis and herpes simplex virus-2(HSV-2)were also tested.Results:A total of 4496 eligible MSM were recruited.The majority was aged≤35 years(77.5%),migrants(60.3%),never married(69.8%),and played receptive role in anal sex(70.5%).The HIV prevalence was 9.9%,and 41.9%were recently infected,with sensitivity/specificity adjusted HIV incidence of 8.9(95%CI:7.6-10.2)/100 Person-Years.The prevalence of history HSV-2 and syphilis were 12.5%and 8.5%,respectively.Recent HIV infection was associated with having multiple male partners(aOR=1.4,95%CI 1.1-1.9),recreational drug use(aOR=2.2,95%CI 1.6-3.0),anal bleeding(aOR=2.1,95%CI 1.4-3.0),syphilis infection(aOR=2.8,95%CI 1.9-4.3)and history HSV-2 infection(aOR=2.3,95%CI 1.5-3.3).Conclusion:High rate of recent HIV infection is potentially resulting in progressive deterioration of the overall HIV epidemic among MSM in China.Targeted interventions to address high-risk MSM including those having multiple partners,history of recreational drug use and syphilis or HSV-2 infection seemed to be the need of the hour.展开更多
Background It has been recently reported that inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in in-stent restenosis （ISR） processes. Inflammatory factors after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for dynamic ...Background It has been recently reported that inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in in-stent restenosis （ISR） processes. Inflammatory factors after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for dynamic monitoring can probably predict ISR. Functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of genes coding for inflammatory factors might be important for determining the magnitude of the inflammatory response. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the serial changes in serum interieukin-6 （IL-6） levels before and after PCI and the relationship between the -572C/G polymorphism in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene and ISR. We also discussed genetic polymorphisms in the inflammatory response to PCI. Methods A total of 437 patients who successfully underwent bare metal stent （BMS） implantation with a follow-up angiography were divided into an ISR group （m=166） and a non-ISR （NISR） group （n=271）. The IL-6 gene promoter polymorphism at position -572 was determined by restricted fragment length polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction （PCR-RFLP） method. The serum IL-6 levels before and one day, five days and 180 days after PCI were determined by the radioimmunoassay method. Results ISR patients showed higher IL-6 serum levels than NISR patients before PCI （（324.42±28.14） ng/L vs. （283.22±47.30） ng/L, P 〈0.001）, and one day post-PCI IL-6 serum levels in the ISR group also showed a significantly higher level than in the NISR group （P 〈0.001）. Increased IL-6 after PCI persisted at a statistically significant level throughout the study in ISR patients, whereas IL-6 levels had normalized five days after the procedure in NISR patients. One day post-PCI serum IL-6 level was the most accurate marker for diagnosis of ISR, the area under the ROC curve being 0.927 （95% CI 0.878-0.977）. The cut-off value for IL-6 to predict ISR was over 355.50 ng/L, with a sensitivity of 0.968 and a specificity of 0.865. There were no significant differences in f展开更多
Previous studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. From the perspective of neural plastici- ty, we observed the effects of ...Previous studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. From the perspective of neural plastici- ty, we observed the effects of functional electrical stimulation treatment on endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in the rat brain on the infarct side. Functional electrical stimulation was performed in rat models of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Simultaneously, we set up a placebo stimulation group and a sham-operated group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, at 7 and 14 days, compared with the placebo group, the numbers of nestin （a neural precursor cell marker）-positive cells in the subgranular zone and subventricular zone were increased in the functional electrical stimulation treatment group. Western blot assays and reverse-transcription PCR showed that total protein levels and gene expression of epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were also upregulated on the infarct side. Prehensile traction test results showed that, at 14 days, prehension function of rats in the functional electrical stimulation group was significantly better than in the placebo group. These results suggest that functional electrical stimulation can promote endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation in the brains of acute cerebral infarction rats, enhance expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and improve the motor function of rats.展开更多
The steady progress in genome editing, especially genome editing based on the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) and programmable nucleases to make precise modifications to geneti...The steady progress in genome editing, especially genome editing based on the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) and programmable nucleases to make precise modifications to genetic material, has provided enormous opportunities to advance biomedical research and promote human health. The application of these technologies in basic biomedical research has yielded significant advances in identifying and studying key molecular targets relevant to human diseases and their treatment. The clinical translation of genome editing techniques offers unprecedented biomedical engineering capabilities in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease or disability. Here, we provide a general summary of emerging biomedical applications of genome editing, including open challenges. We also summarize the tools of genome editing and the insights derived from their applications, hoping to accelerate new discoveries and therapies in biomedicine.展开更多
文摘Background Many potential causative factors are related to the initiation and progression of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The aim of this research was to investigate the etiology and clinical features of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Chinese patients. Methods From January 1990 to July 2011, 643 cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head were investigated retrospectively to analyze the potential causative factors, age, gender, latency period, time from the onset of pain to diagnosis, and Association Research Circulation Osseous stage. Results Of 643 cases, 315 cases were bilateral and 328 cases were unilateral, with an average age of （47.55±15.27） years. In the steroid-induced group, the average age at symptom onset was （41.80±15.47） years, and the median duration from taking steroid to the onset of pain was 36 months. The underlying diseases in the steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head group consisted of autoimmune and other diseases, of which systemic lupus erythematosus was the most common. In the alcohol-induced group, the average age at onset of symptoms was （48.06±11.90） years and the median time of habitual alcohol use was 240 months. In the traumatic group, the average age was （51.43±14.23） years and the median time from trauma to the onset of pain was 20 months. In the idiopathic group, the average age was （50.33±15.88） years. Of the total of 958 hips, 647 were at stage III or IV. The stage at diagnosis was earlier in the steroid-induced group than in the alcohol-induced, traumatic, or idiopathic groups. Conclusions Steroid use is the most common cause for osteonecrosis of the femoral head in this study. The age at diaqnosis, time from the onset of pain to diaqnosis, and staqe were significantly earlier in the steroid-induced .qroup.
文摘目的:评价北京市医药分开综合改革的实施对于门急诊患者就医流向的影响。方法:对北京市卫计委信息中心收集的2016年1月—2017年10月的各级医疗机构门急诊就诊人次数据的变化趋势进行分析,并采用间断时间序列分析(Interrupted Time Series,ITS)方法分析北京市医药分开综合改革对其影响。结果:2017年4—10月,三级医院平均每家医疗机构门急诊人次同比下降12.11%;二级医院平均每家医疗机构门急诊人次同比下降2.10%;基层医疗卫生机构平均每家机构门急诊人次同比上升11.49%。结论:北京市医药分开综合改革通过医事服务费的调整和基层用药目录与三级医院对接等主要措施,使得门急诊患者就诊流向发生明显变化,长期下去需要引起注意的是基层是否有动力接收病人,以及能否接住病人的问题。
基金Supported by Science and Technology Support Projects in Biomedicine Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,No.19441907500Naval Medical University Military Medical Innovation,No.2017JS07Science and Technology Action Innovation Program by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai,No.17411950104
文摘BACKGROUND Post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)is not only a common consequence of stroke but also an important factor for adverse prognosis of patients.Biochemical indicators such as blood lipids and blood pressure are affected by many factors,and the ability of evaluating the progress of patients with PSCI is insufficient.Therefore,it is necessary to find sensitive markers for predicting the progress of patients and avoiding PSCI.Recent studies have shown thatβ-amyloid protein 1-42(Aβ1-42)and thyroid hormone levels are closely related to PSCI,which may be the influencing factors of PSCI,but there are few related studies.AIM To investigate the relationship between serum levels of Aβand thyroid hormones in acute stage and PSCI and its predicted value.METHODS A total of 195 patients with acute cerebral infarction confirmed from June 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled in this study.Baseline data and serological indicators were recorded to assess cognitive function of patients.All patients were followed up for 1 year.Their cognitive functions were evaluated within 1 wk,3 mo,6 mo and 1 yr after stroke.At the end of follow-up,the patients were divided into PSCI and non-PSCI according to Montreal cognitive assessment score,and the relationship between biochemical indexes and the progression of PSCI was explored.RESULTS Compared with patients with non-PSCI,the levels of Aβ1-42,triiodothyronine(T3)and free thyroxin were lower in the patients with PSCI.Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the overall content of Aβ1-42 and T3 in PSCI was also lower than that of the non-PSCI patients.Further analysis revealed that Aβ1-42(r=0.348),T3(r=0.273)and free thyroxin(r=0.214)were positively correlated with disease progression(P<0.05),suggesting that these indicators have the potential to predict disease progression and outcome.Cox regression analysis showed that Aβ1-42 and T3 were important factors of PSCI.Then stratified analysis showed that the lower the Aβ1-42 and T3,the higher risk of PSCI in patients who
基金supported by the Mega-Projects of national science research for the 12th Five-Year Plan(2012ZX10001-006)China-Gates Foundation(2012)+1 种基金Liaoning Educational Department project(LZ2014038)NIH(NIAID 1R01AI114310,FIC 1D43TW009532).
文摘Background:Recent upsurge of new HIV infections among men who have sex with men(MSM)is a major concern in China.Paucity of national-level information regarding the burden and predictors of this progressive epidemic of new infections called for a multi-centric,timely and comprehensive investigation.Methods:Mixed methods were used to recruit MSM from seven cities in China between 2012 and 2013.Recent and established HIV infections were estimated by Western Blot and BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay.Syphilis and herpes simplex virus-2(HSV-2)were also tested.Results:A total of 4496 eligible MSM were recruited.The majority was aged≤35 years(77.5%),migrants(60.3%),never married(69.8%),and played receptive role in anal sex(70.5%).The HIV prevalence was 9.9%,and 41.9%were recently infected,with sensitivity/specificity adjusted HIV incidence of 8.9(95%CI:7.6-10.2)/100 Person-Years.The prevalence of history HSV-2 and syphilis were 12.5%and 8.5%,respectively.Recent HIV infection was associated with having multiple male partners(aOR=1.4,95%CI 1.1-1.9),recreational drug use(aOR=2.2,95%CI 1.6-3.0),anal bleeding(aOR=2.1,95%CI 1.4-3.0),syphilis infection(aOR=2.8,95%CI 1.9-4.3)and history HSV-2 infection(aOR=2.3,95%CI 1.5-3.3).Conclusion:High rate of recent HIV infection is potentially resulting in progressive deterioration of the overall HIV epidemic among MSM in China.Targeted interventions to address high-risk MSM including those having multiple partners,history of recreational drug use and syphilis or HSV-2 infection seemed to be the need of the hour.
文摘Background It has been recently reported that inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in in-stent restenosis （ISR） processes. Inflammatory factors after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） for dynamic monitoring can probably predict ISR. Functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of genes coding for inflammatory factors might be important for determining the magnitude of the inflammatory response. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the serial changes in serum interieukin-6 （IL-6） levels before and after PCI and the relationship between the -572C/G polymorphism in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene and ISR. We also discussed genetic polymorphisms in the inflammatory response to PCI. Methods A total of 437 patients who successfully underwent bare metal stent （BMS） implantation with a follow-up angiography were divided into an ISR group （m=166） and a non-ISR （NISR） group （n=271）. The IL-6 gene promoter polymorphism at position -572 was determined by restricted fragment length polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction （PCR-RFLP） method. The serum IL-6 levels before and one day, five days and 180 days after PCI were determined by the radioimmunoassay method. Results ISR patients showed higher IL-6 serum levels than NISR patients before PCI （（324.42±28.14） ng/L vs. （283.22±47.30） ng/L, P 〈0.001）, and one day post-PCI IL-6 serum levels in the ISR group also showed a significantly higher level than in the NISR group （P 〈0.001）. Increased IL-6 after PCI persisted at a statistically significant level throughout the study in ISR patients, whereas IL-6 levels had normalized five days after the procedure in NISR patients. One day post-PCI serum IL-6 level was the most accurate marker for diagnosis of ISR, the area under the ROC curve being 0.927 （95% CI 0.878-0.977）. The cut-off value for IL-6 to predict ISR was over 355.50 ng/L, with a sensitivity of 0.968 and a specificity of 0.865. There were no significant differences in f
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grants No.30772304,30973166,and 81171863
文摘Previous studies have shown that proliferation of endogenous neural precursor cells cannot alone compensate for the damage to neurons and axons. From the perspective of neural plastici- ty, we observed the effects of functional electrical stimulation treatment on endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor in the rat brain on the infarct side. Functional electrical stimulation was performed in rat models of acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Simultaneously, we set up a placebo stimulation group and a sham-operated group. Immunohistochemical staining showed that, at 7 and 14 days, compared with the placebo group, the numbers of nestin （a neural precursor cell marker）-positive cells in the subgranular zone and subventricular zone were increased in the functional electrical stimulation treatment group. Western blot assays and reverse-transcription PCR showed that total protein levels and gene expression of epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were also upregulated on the infarct side. Prehensile traction test results showed that, at 14 days, prehension function of rats in the functional electrical stimulation group was significantly better than in the placebo group. These results suggest that functional electrical stimulation can promote endogenous neural precursor cell proliferation in the brains of acute cerebral infarction rats, enhance expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, and improve the motor function of rats.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81830004, 31922046, 31770057, 31722036, 31930016, 31870893)the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM202011017)+5 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0801401, 2019YFA0110800, 2018YFA0107703, 2019YFA0110000, 2020YFA0707800, 2020YFA0707600)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA16030403, XDA16010503)Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z181100001318009)Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics at Peking Universitythe Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciencesthe National Major Science & Technology Project for Control and Prevention of Major Infectious Diseases in China (2018ZX10301401)
文摘The steady progress in genome editing, especially genome editing based on the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) and programmable nucleases to make precise modifications to genetic material, has provided enormous opportunities to advance biomedical research and promote human health. The application of these technologies in basic biomedical research has yielded significant advances in identifying and studying key molecular targets relevant to human diseases and their treatment. The clinical translation of genome editing techniques offers unprecedented biomedical engineering capabilities in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease or disability. Here, we provide a general summary of emerging biomedical applications of genome editing, including open challenges. We also summarize the tools of genome editing and the insights derived from their applications, hoping to accelerate new discoveries and therapies in biomedicine.
