目的回顾性分析口服阿仑膦酸钠治疗原发性骨质疏松症的长期临床疗效及安全性,探讨药物假期开展的必要性。方法从2010年1月至2016年12月在中国人民解放军南部战区总医院就诊的原发性骨质疏松症患者中筛选出接受阿仑膦酸(70 mg/周)治疗至...目的回顾性分析口服阿仑膦酸钠治疗原发性骨质疏松症的长期临床疗效及安全性,探讨药物假期开展的必要性。方法从2010年1月至2016年12月在中国人民解放军南部战区总医院就诊的原发性骨质疏松症患者中筛选出接受阿仑膦酸(70 mg/周)治疗至少3年的患者53例作为研究对象,所有患者均给予维生素D和钙片作为基础治疗。采集所有患者基线及1、2、3、4、5、6年腰椎L1~4、股骨颈和全髋关节骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),血清I型原胶原N-端前肽(procollagen type1 N-peptide,P1NP),β-I型胶原羧基端肽(β-胶原降解产物)(β-isomerized carboxy-telopeptide of type I collagen,β-CTX)等资料,将药物治疗后与基线水平进行比较。结果纳入研究的患者平均年龄(75.85±10.67)岁,平均用药年限为(4.83±1.54)年,最长可达7年。腰椎BMD第5年增长12.579%,并且与基线相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);股骨颈BMD在第3年增长3.516%,第6年为-4.791%;全髋关节BMD在第3年增长最多为6.676%,第6年为-1.157%。P1NP、β-CTX等骨转换标志物水平随着用药年限的增加,下降的幅度减小,甚至有上升的趋势,第0.25、0.5、1、2、3年的P1NP与基线相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4人用药期间出现脆性骨折,脆性骨折发生率为7.54%,1人存在骨折愈合延迟。结论阿仑膦酸钠治疗原发性骨质疏松症的疗效在连续用药3~5年时间内是稳步上升或较为稳定,但在用药3~5年后会有明显下降趋势,并有可能增加罕见不良反应的发生率,可见对长期使用阿仑膦酸的患者开展药物假期具有必要性。展开更多
Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor （KIR） genes can regulate the activation of NK and T cells upon interaction with HLA class I molecules. Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection has been regarded as a multi-factorial d...Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor （KIR） genes can regulate the activation of NK and T cells upon interaction with HLA class I molecules. Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection has been regarded as a multi-factorial disorder disease. Previous studies revealed that KIRs were involved in HCV and HIV infection or clearance. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of the inheritance of KIR genotypes and haplotypes as a candidate for susceptibility to persistent HBV infection or HBV clearance. The sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction （SSP-PCR） was employed to identify the KIR genes and pseudogenes in 150 chronic hepatitis B （CHB） patients, 251 spontaneously recovered （SR） controls, and 412 healthy controls. The frequencies of genotype G7 M, FZ1 increased in CHB patients compared with healthy control subjects. The frequency of genotype AH was higher in SR controls than that in both CHB patients and healthy controls. The carriage frequencies of genotype G and AH were higher; while, the frequencies of AF and AJ were lower in SR controls than those in healthy control subjects. The frequency of A haplotype was lower, whereas, the frequency of B haplotype was higher in CHB patients and SR controls than those in healthy controls. In healthy controls, haplotype 4 was found lower compared with that in CHB patients and SR controls and the frequency of haplotype 5 was higher in SR controls than that in other two groups. Based on these findings, it seems that the genotypes M and FZ1 are HBV susceptive genotypes; AH, on the other hand, may be protective genotypes that facilitate the clearance of HBV. It appears that the haplotype 4 is HBV susceptive haplotype, whereas, haplotype 5 may be the protective haplotype that facilitates the clearance of HBV. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2008;5（6）：457-463.展开更多
Background:Light at night(LAN)has become a concern in interdisciplinary research in recent years.This global interdisciplinary study aimed to explore the exposure-lag-response association between LAN exposure and lung...Background:Light at night(LAN)has become a concern in interdisciplinary research in recent years.This global interdisciplinary study aimed to explore the exposure-lag-response association between LAN exposure and lung cancer incidence.Methods:LAN data were obtained from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System.Data of lung cancer incidence,socio-demographic index,and smoking prevalence of populations in 201 countries/territories from 1992 to 2018 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study.Spearman correlation tests and population-weighted linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between LAN exposure and lung cancer incidence.A distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)was used to assess the exposure-lag effects of LAN exposure on lung cancer incidence.Results:The Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.286-0.355 and the population-weighted linear regression correlation coefficients were 0.361-0.527.After adjustment for socio-demographic index and smoking preva-lence,the Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.264-0.357 and the population-weighted linear regression correlation coefficients were 0.346-0.497.In the DLNM,the maximum relative risk was 1.04(1.02-1.06)at LAN exposure of 8.6 with a 2.6-year lag time.After adjustment for socio-demographic index and smoking prevalence,the maximum relative risk was 1.05(1.02-1.07)at LAN exposure of 8.6 with a 2.4-year lag time.Conclusion:High LAN exposure was associated with increased lung cancer incidence,and this effect had a specific lag period.Compared with traditional individual-level studies,this group-level study provides a novel paradigm of effective,efficient,and scalable screening for risk factors.展开更多
The relationship between population distribution and resources, environment and social-economic development has a significant influence on the human development. This paper set up a set of index system and model metho...The relationship between population distribution and resources, environment and social-economic development has a significant influence on the human development. This paper set up a set of index system and model methods for the assessment of the coordination between population and resources, environment and social-economic development, and it quantitatively evaluated this coordination at the provincial scale in 2000 and 2010 respectively Based on this set of index system, the suitability degree and the spatial-temporal pattern of population distribution at the provincial scale were carefully characterized. The restriction of population distribution at the provincial scale was graded and classified, and the coordinated development strategy of population, resources, environment and social economy was finally put forward. The results showed that： （1） The environmental suitability of population distribu- tion at the provincial scale was generally high in China, which tended to be stable from 2000 to 2010. （2） The restriction of water and land resources at the provincial scale was generally strong in China, but it tended to be weak from 2000 to 2010. （3） The coordination degree between the social-economic development and population distribution at the provincial scale was mostly at a middle level, which was in the positive upward path from 2000 to 2010. （4） The suitability of population distribution at the provincial scale was mostly at a middle level, all of which was rising from 2000 to 2010. （5） The coordination degree between population dis- tribution and resources, environment and social-economic development at the provincial scale was divided into four grades, including basic coordination, relative coordination, awaited coordination and urgent-needed coordination. （6） The basic ways to promote the coordinated development of population, resources and environment in different regions in China can be summarized as： implementing the strategy of population agglomeration and evacuation, gui展开更多
文摘目的回顾性分析口服阿仑膦酸钠治疗原发性骨质疏松症的长期临床疗效及安全性,探讨药物假期开展的必要性。方法从2010年1月至2016年12月在中国人民解放军南部战区总医院就诊的原发性骨质疏松症患者中筛选出接受阿仑膦酸(70 mg/周)治疗至少3年的患者53例作为研究对象,所有患者均给予维生素D和钙片作为基础治疗。采集所有患者基线及1、2、3、4、5、6年腰椎L1~4、股骨颈和全髋关节骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),血清I型原胶原N-端前肽(procollagen type1 N-peptide,P1NP),β-I型胶原羧基端肽(β-胶原降解产物)(β-isomerized carboxy-telopeptide of type I collagen,β-CTX)等资料,将药物治疗后与基线水平进行比较。结果纳入研究的患者平均年龄(75.85±10.67)岁,平均用药年限为(4.83±1.54)年,最长可达7年。腰椎BMD第5年增长12.579%,并且与基线相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);股骨颈BMD在第3年增长3.516%,第6年为-4.791%;全髋关节BMD在第3年增长最多为6.676%,第6年为-1.157%。P1NP、β-CTX等骨转换标志物水平随着用药年限的增加,下降的幅度减小,甚至有上升的趋势,第0.25、0.5、1、2、3年的P1NP与基线相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4人用药期间出现脆性骨折,脆性骨折发生率为7.54%,1人存在骨折愈合延迟。结论阿仑膦酸钠治疗原发性骨质疏松症的疗效在连续用药3~5年时间内是稳步上升或较为稳定,但在用药3~5年后会有明显下降趋势,并有可能增加罕见不良反应的发生率,可见对长期使用阿仑膦酸的患者开展药物假期具有必要性。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30371304)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (YZ2006C72) to Dr. Y.R. Zhao
文摘Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor （KIR） genes can regulate the activation of NK and T cells upon interaction with HLA class I molecules. Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection has been regarded as a multi-factorial disorder disease. Previous studies revealed that KIRs were involved in HCV and HIV infection or clearance. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of the inheritance of KIR genotypes and haplotypes as a candidate for susceptibility to persistent HBV infection or HBV clearance. The sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction （SSP-PCR） was employed to identify the KIR genes and pseudogenes in 150 chronic hepatitis B （CHB） patients, 251 spontaneously recovered （SR） controls, and 412 healthy controls. The frequencies of genotype G7 M, FZ1 increased in CHB patients compared with healthy control subjects. The frequency of genotype AH was higher in SR controls than that in both CHB patients and healthy controls. The carriage frequencies of genotype G and AH were higher; while, the frequencies of AF and AJ were lower in SR controls than those in healthy control subjects. The frequency of A haplotype was lower, whereas, the frequency of B haplotype was higher in CHB patients and SR controls than those in healthy controls. In healthy controls, haplotype 4 was found lower compared with that in CHB patients and SR controls and the frequency of haplotype 5 was higher in SR controls than that in other two groups. Based on these findings, it seems that the genotypes M and FZ1 are HBV susceptive genotypes; AH, on the other hand, may be protective genotypes that facilitate the clearance of HBV. It appears that the haplotype 4 is HBV susceptive haplotype, whereas, haplotype 5 may be the protective haplotype that facilitates the clearance of HBV. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2008;5（6）：457-463.
文摘Background:Light at night(LAN)has become a concern in interdisciplinary research in recent years.This global interdisciplinary study aimed to explore the exposure-lag-response association between LAN exposure and lung cancer incidence.Methods:LAN data were obtained from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System.Data of lung cancer incidence,socio-demographic index,and smoking prevalence of populations in 201 countries/territories from 1992 to 2018 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study.Spearman correlation tests and population-weighted linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between LAN exposure and lung cancer incidence.A distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)was used to assess the exposure-lag effects of LAN exposure on lung cancer incidence.Results:The Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.286-0.355 and the population-weighted linear regression correlation coefficients were 0.361-0.527.After adjustment for socio-demographic index and smoking preva-lence,the Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.264-0.357 and the population-weighted linear regression correlation coefficients were 0.346-0.497.In the DLNM,the maximum relative risk was 1.04(1.02-1.06)at LAN exposure of 8.6 with a 2.6-year lag time.After adjustment for socio-demographic index and smoking prevalence,the maximum relative risk was 1.05(1.02-1.07)at LAN exposure of 8.6 with a 2.4-year lag time.Conclusion:High LAN exposure was associated with increased lung cancer incidence,and this effect had a specific lag period.Compared with traditional individual-level studies,this group-level study provides a novel paradigm of effective,efficient,and scalable screening for risk factors.
基金Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for Resource and Environment,Ministry of Land and ResourcesScience and technology foundation project,No.2011FY110400
文摘The relationship between population distribution and resources, environment and social-economic development has a significant influence on the human development. This paper set up a set of index system and model methods for the assessment of the coordination between population and resources, environment and social-economic development, and it quantitatively evaluated this coordination at the provincial scale in 2000 and 2010 respectively Based on this set of index system, the suitability degree and the spatial-temporal pattern of population distribution at the provincial scale were carefully characterized. The restriction of population distribution at the provincial scale was graded and classified, and the coordinated development strategy of population, resources, environment and social economy was finally put forward. The results showed that： （1） The environmental suitability of population distribu- tion at the provincial scale was generally high in China, which tended to be stable from 2000 to 2010. （2） The restriction of water and land resources at the provincial scale was generally strong in China, but it tended to be weak from 2000 to 2010. （3） The coordination degree between the social-economic development and population distribution at the provincial scale was mostly at a middle level, which was in the positive upward path from 2000 to 2010. （4） The suitability of population distribution at the provincial scale was mostly at a middle level, all of which was rising from 2000 to 2010. （5） The coordination degree between population dis- tribution and resources, environment and social-economic development at the provincial scale was divided into four grades, including basic coordination, relative coordination, awaited coordination and urgent-needed coordination. （6） The basic ways to promote the coordinated development of population, resources and environment in different regions in China can be summarized as： implementing the strategy of population agglomeration and evacuation, gui
