Leonurus japonicus Houtt,a Chinese traditional herbal medicine,has been widely used to cure gynecological diseases,such as incomplete abortion and menoxenia.Leonurine,a major active alkaloid compound only be found in ...Leonurus japonicus Houtt,a Chinese traditional herbal medicine,has been widely used to cure gynecological diseases,such as incomplete abortion and menoxenia.Leonurine,a major active alkaloid compound only be found in Leonurus japonicus Houtt,has been successfully extracted and purified.Recent evidence has shown that leonurine can regulate a variety of pathologic processes including oxidative stress,inflammation,fibrosis,apoptosis,and multiple metabolic disorders.Here,we have reviewed the pharmacological actions and biological functions of leonurine,with a focus on the role of leonurine in the amelioration of various pathological processes.Insights into the related signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms have strengthened our understanding on the function of leonurine in the alleviation of multiple pathological states.Our summary of the existing researches should help direct future research into the basic science and clinical applications in related diseases.展开更多
Objective Purification and Standardization of Chinese herbal extracts became a hot topic since last decade.Though traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used as a mixture from several herbs for centuries,it has bee...Objective Purification and Standardization of Chinese herbal extracts became a hot topic since last decade.Though traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used as a mixture from several herbs for centuries,it has been drawn much attention for studying the standardized Chinese herbs using modern technology.Methods Recently,we compared purified Salvia miltiorrhiza extract(PSME)with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,Ramipril,in in vitro experiments and also in vivo using animal model of myocardial infarction.Results PSME was found to have a significantly higher trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity which indicated a great capacity for scavenging free radicals.PSME could also prevent pyrogallo red bleaching and DNA damage.After 2 weeks treatment with PSME or Ramipril,survival rates of rats with experimental myocardial infarction were marginally increased(68.2% and 71.4%)compared with saline(61.5%).In another recent study,we evaluated the cardioprotective effects of PSME on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts and in hypoxic vascular smooth muscle cells.We found that PSME treated hearts showed significant postischemic contractile function recovery(develop pressure recovered to 44.2±4.9% versus 17.1±5.7%,P<0.05;maximum contraction recovered to 57.2±5.9% versus 15.1±6.3%,P<0.001;maximum relaxation restored to 69.3±7.3% versus 15.4±6.3%,P<0.001 in PSME and control group respectively).Conclusions Significant elevated in end-diastolic pressure,which indicated LV stiffening in PSME hearts might be resulted by exceed dose of PSME used.Purified and standardized Chinese herb could provide an alternative regimen for the prevention of ischemic heart disease.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To determine the functional role of hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) in protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure through the inhibition of Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ(Ca MKⅡ) us...OBJECTIVE To determine the functional role of hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) in protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure through the inhibition of Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ(Ca MKⅡ) using wild type and CSE knockout mouse models.METHODS Continuous subcutaneous injection isoprenaline(7.5 mg·kg^(-1) per day),once a day for 4 weeks to induce heart failure in male C57BL/6(6-8 weeks old) mice and CSE-/-mice.150 μmol·L^(-1) H_2O_2 was used to induce oxidative stress in H9c2 cells.Echocardiograph was used to detect cardiac parameters.H&E stain and Masson stain was to observation histopathological changes.Western blot was used to detect protein expression and activity.The si RNA was used to silence protein expression.HPLC was used to detect H_2S level.Biotin assay was used to detect the level of S-sulfhydration protein.RESULTS Treatment with S-propyl-L-cysteine(SPRC) or sodium hydrosulfide(Na HS),modulators of blood H_2S levels,attenuated the development of heart failure in animals,reduced lipid peroxidation,and preserved mitochondrial function.The inhibition Ca MKⅡ phosphorylation by SPRC and Na HS as demonstrated using both in vivo and in vitro models corresponded with the cardioprotective effects of these compounds.Interestingly,Ca MKⅡ activity was found to be elevated in CSE-/-mice as compared to wild type animals and the phosphorylation status of Ca MK Ⅱ appeared to relate to the severity of heart failure.Importantly,in wild type mice SPRC was found to promote S-sulfhydration of Ca MKⅡ leading to reduced activity of this protein however,in CSE-/-mice S-sulfhydration was abolished following SPRC treatment.CONCLUSION A novel mechanism depicting a role of S-sulfhydration in the regulation of Ca MKⅡ is presented.SPRC mediated S-sulfhydration of Ca MKⅡ was found to inhibit Ca MKⅡ activity and to preserve cardiovascular homeostasis.展开更多
文摘Leonurus japonicus Houtt,a Chinese traditional herbal medicine,has been widely used to cure gynecological diseases,such as incomplete abortion and menoxenia.Leonurine,a major active alkaloid compound only be found in Leonurus japonicus Houtt,has been successfully extracted and purified.Recent evidence has shown that leonurine can regulate a variety of pathologic processes including oxidative stress,inflammation,fibrosis,apoptosis,and multiple metabolic disorders.Here,we have reviewed the pharmacological actions and biological functions of leonurine,with a focus on the role of leonurine in the amelioration of various pathological processes.Insights into the related signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms have strengthened our understanding on the function of leonurine in the alleviation of multiple pathological states.Our summary of the existing researches should help direct future research into the basic science and clinical applications in related diseases.
文摘Objective Purification and Standardization of Chinese herbal extracts became a hot topic since last decade.Though traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used as a mixture from several herbs for centuries,it has been drawn much attention for studying the standardized Chinese herbs using modern technology.Methods Recently,we compared purified Salvia miltiorrhiza extract(PSME)with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,Ramipril,in in vitro experiments and also in vivo using animal model of myocardial infarction.Results PSME was found to have a significantly higher trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity which indicated a great capacity for scavenging free radicals.PSME could also prevent pyrogallo red bleaching and DNA damage.After 2 weeks treatment with PSME or Ramipril,survival rates of rats with experimental myocardial infarction were marginally increased(68.2% and 71.4%)compared with saline(61.5%).In another recent study,we evaluated the cardioprotective effects of PSME on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat hearts and in hypoxic vascular smooth muscle cells.We found that PSME treated hearts showed significant postischemic contractile function recovery(develop pressure recovered to 44.2±4.9% versus 17.1±5.7%,P<0.05;maximum contraction recovered to 57.2±5.9% versus 15.1±6.3%,P<0.001;maximum relaxation restored to 69.3±7.3% versus 15.4±6.3%,P<0.001 in PSME and control group respectively).Conclusions Significant elevated in end-diastolic pressure,which indicated LV stiffening in PSME hearts might be resulted by exceed dose of PSME used.Purified and standardized Chinese herb could provide an alternative regimen for the prevention of ischemic heart disease.
文摘OBJECTIVE To determine the functional role of hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) in protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure through the inhibition of Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ(Ca MKⅡ) using wild type and CSE knockout mouse models.METHODS Continuous subcutaneous injection isoprenaline(7.5 mg·kg^(-1) per day),once a day for 4 weeks to induce heart failure in male C57BL/6(6-8 weeks old) mice and CSE-/-mice.150 μmol·L^(-1) H_2O_2 was used to induce oxidative stress in H9c2 cells.Echocardiograph was used to detect cardiac parameters.H&E stain and Masson stain was to observation histopathological changes.Western blot was used to detect protein expression and activity.The si RNA was used to silence protein expression.HPLC was used to detect H_2S level.Biotin assay was used to detect the level of S-sulfhydration protein.RESULTS Treatment with S-propyl-L-cysteine(SPRC) or sodium hydrosulfide(Na HS),modulators of blood H_2S levels,attenuated the development of heart failure in animals,reduced lipid peroxidation,and preserved mitochondrial function.The inhibition Ca MKⅡ phosphorylation by SPRC and Na HS as demonstrated using both in vivo and in vitro models corresponded with the cardioprotective effects of these compounds.Interestingly,Ca MKⅡ activity was found to be elevated in CSE-/-mice as compared to wild type animals and the phosphorylation status of Ca MK Ⅱ appeared to relate to the severity of heart failure.Importantly,in wild type mice SPRC was found to promote S-sulfhydration of Ca MKⅡ leading to reduced activity of this protein however,in CSE-/-mice S-sulfhydration was abolished following SPRC treatment.CONCLUSION A novel mechanism depicting a role of S-sulfhydration in the regulation of Ca MKⅡ is presented.SPRC mediated S-sulfhydration of Ca MKⅡ was found to inhibit Ca MKⅡ activity and to preserve cardiovascular homeostasis.
