Plant height has become one of important agronomic traits with the increase of planting density recently and the rapid developments of molecular markers have provided powerful tools to localize important agronomic QTL...Plant height has become one of important agronomic traits with the increase of planting density recently and the rapid developments of molecular markers have provided powerful tools to localize important agronomic QTL at the genomic level. The purposes of this investigation are to map plant height QTL with molecular markers and to analyze their genetic effects in maize. An F 2∶3 population from an elite combination (Zong3×87-1) was utilized for evaluating plant height in two locations, Wuhan and Xiangfan, with a randomized complete block design. The mapping population included 266 F 2∶3 family lines. A genetic linkage map, containing 150 SSR and 24 RFLP markers, was constructed, spanning a total of 2 531.6 cm with an average interval of 14.5 cm. Totally 10 QTL affecting plant height were mapped on six different chromosomes with the composite interval mapping. Seven of 10 QTL were detected in two locations. The contributions to phenotypic variations for the single QTL varied between 5.3 and 17.1%. Additive, partial dominance, dominance, and overdominance actions existed among all detected QTL affecting plant heights. A large number of digenic interactions for plant height were detected by two-way analyses of variance. 107 and 98 two-locus combinations were found to be significant at a 0.01 probability level in two locations respectively. 23 of them were simultaneously detected in both locations. They accounted for phenotypic variations of 4.511%. It was noticed that a locus, umc1122, had digenic interactive effects with other four different loci for plant height, which distributed on three chromosomes. A few of plant height QTL was involved in significant digenic interactions, but most significant interactions occurred between markers that are not adjacent to mapped QTL. These results demonstrated that epistatic interactions might play an equal importance role as the single-locus effects in determining plant height of maize.展开更多
It is well accepted that S type of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in maize (Zea mays L.) isassociated with R region in mitochondrial genome. R region includes two open reading frames——orf355and orf77and it is spec...It is well accepted that S type of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in maize (Zea mays L.) isassociated with R region in mitochondrial genome. R region includes two open reading frames——orf355and orf77and it is speculated that orf77is an important candidate gene of CMS. RT-PCR showed that bothDNA strands of R region are transcribed. Nuclear background or developing stages of plant do not influencethe transcription of R region in the strand which also acts as template strand of cox Ⅰ/coxⅡ locating justupstream of R region, but they do influence the transcription of R region in the other strand (templatestrand of orf355-orf77). In tassel with nuclear background of rf3rf3, transcription of the template strand oforf355-orf77 is different from that in etiolated shoots with nuclear background of Rf3- or rf3rf3and tasselwith nuclear background of Rf3-. Compared to the same other three, it is truncated at about 238 base fromthe 5' end of R region. Rabbit antiserum against putative ORF77 expressed in Escherichia coliwas preparedbut Western blot did not detect ORF77 in plant materials. It seems that double-strand transcription of Rregion inhibits the translation of orf77and the transcribing mode of R region may be associated with malesterility.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(39893350)the National Basic Science Research Project of China(2001C81088).
文摘Plant height has become one of important agronomic traits with the increase of planting density recently and the rapid developments of molecular markers have provided powerful tools to localize important agronomic QTL at the genomic level. The purposes of this investigation are to map plant height QTL with molecular markers and to analyze their genetic effects in maize. An F 2∶3 population from an elite combination (Zong3×87-1) was utilized for evaluating plant height in two locations, Wuhan and Xiangfan, with a randomized complete block design. The mapping population included 266 F 2∶3 family lines. A genetic linkage map, containing 150 SSR and 24 RFLP markers, was constructed, spanning a total of 2 531.6 cm with an average interval of 14.5 cm. Totally 10 QTL affecting plant height were mapped on six different chromosomes with the composite interval mapping. Seven of 10 QTL were detected in two locations. The contributions to phenotypic variations for the single QTL varied between 5.3 and 17.1%. Additive, partial dominance, dominance, and overdominance actions existed among all detected QTL affecting plant heights. A large number of digenic interactions for plant height were detected by two-way analyses of variance. 107 and 98 two-locus combinations were found to be significant at a 0.01 probability level in two locations respectively. 23 of them were simultaneously detected in both locations. They accounted for phenotypic variations of 4.511%. It was noticed that a locus, umc1122, had digenic interactive effects with other four different loci for plant height, which distributed on three chromosomes. A few of plant height QTL was involved in significant digenic interactions, but most significant interactions occurred between markers that are not adjacent to mapped QTL. These results demonstrated that epistatic interactions might play an equal importance role as the single-locus effects in determining plant height of maize.
文摘It is well accepted that S type of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in maize (Zea mays L.) isassociated with R region in mitochondrial genome. R region includes two open reading frames——orf355and orf77and it is speculated that orf77is an important candidate gene of CMS. RT-PCR showed that bothDNA strands of R region are transcribed. Nuclear background or developing stages of plant do not influencethe transcription of R region in the strand which also acts as template strand of cox Ⅰ/coxⅡ locating justupstream of R region, but they do influence the transcription of R region in the other strand (templatestrand of orf355-orf77). In tassel with nuclear background of rf3rf3, transcription of the template strand oforf355-orf77 is different from that in etiolated shoots with nuclear background of Rf3- or rf3rf3and tasselwith nuclear background of Rf3-. Compared to the same other three, it is truncated at about 238 base fromthe 5' end of R region. Rabbit antiserum against putative ORF77 expressed in Escherichia coliwas preparedbut Western blot did not detect ORF77 in plant materials. It seems that double-strand transcription of Rregion inhibits the translation of orf77and the transcribing mode of R region may be associated with malesterility.
