Hospital sewage contains various harmful pharmaceutical contaminants(e.g.,antibiotics,anti-inflammatory agents,and painkillers)and pathogens(e.g.,bacteria,viruses,and parasites),whose direct discharge into the environ...Hospital sewage contains various harmful pharmaceutical contaminants(e.g.,antibiotics,anti-inflammatory agents,and painkillers)and pathogens(e.g.,bacteria,viruses,and parasites),whose direct discharge into the environment will induce diseases and pose a powerful threat to human health and safety,and environmental ecology.In recent years,advanced oxidation processes(AOPs),particularly photocatalysis,electrocatalysis,and ozone catalysis have been developed as widespread and effective techniques for hospital sewage treatments.However,there is a lack of systematic comparison and review of the prior studies on hospital sewage treatment using AOPs systems.This review elaborates on the mechanisms,removal efficiencies,and advantages/disadvantages of these AOPs systems for hospital wastewater decontamination and disinfection.Meanwhile,some novel and potential technologies such as photo-electrocatalysis,electro-peroxone,Fenton/Fenton-like,and piezoelectric catalysis are also included and summarized.Moreover,we further summarize and compare the capacity of these AOPs to treat the actual hospital wastewater under the impact of the water matrix and pH,and estimate the economic cost of these technologies for practical application.Finally,the future development directions of AOPs for hospital wastewater decontamination and disinfection have been prospected.Overall,this study provides a comparison and overview of these AOP systems in an attempt to raise extensive concerns about hospital wastewater decontamination and disinfection technologies and guide researchers to discover the future directions of technologies optimization,which would be a crucial step forward in the field of hospital sewage treatment.展开更多
目的:建立了一种跨越式等温扩增技术(SRCA)结合荧光染料SYBR Green I检测肉制品中猪肉掺假的方法。方法:根据NCBI中猪的线粒体序列,通过DNAMAN等软件设计SRCA的特异性引物,分别采用普通SRCA和荧光可视化SRCA的方法建立肉制品中猪肉成分...目的:建立了一种跨越式等温扩增技术(SRCA)结合荧光染料SYBR Green I检测肉制品中猪肉掺假的方法。方法:根据NCBI中猪的线粒体序列,通过DNAMAN等软件设计SRCA的特异性引物,分别采用普通SRCA和荧光可视化SRCA的方法建立肉制品中猪肉成分的检测方法,对9个不同物种的新鲜肌肉组织样本进行实验从而验证SRCA方法的特异性,并对66份未标识猪肉成分商业肉制品进行猪肉成分的检测。结果:SRCA荧光可视法检测猪肉DNA的灵敏度为6.5 fg/μL,与传统PCR方法相比,SRCA荧光可视法的灵敏度提高了1000倍。在人工添加猪肉的混合样品中,SRCA方法检测猪肉含量为0.01%(w/w)。与NY/T 3309-2018行业标准相比,SRCA方法检测肉制品中猪肉的敏感性、特异性和符合率分别为100%、96.66%、98.48%。结论:SRCA是一种检测肉制品中猪肉掺假的灵敏、直观的方法,具有很大的应用潜力。展开更多
Monitoring expression at the transcriptional level is the first essential step for the functional analysis of plant genes. Genes-encoding proteins directly involved in early response to elicitor constitute only a smal...Monitoring expression at the transcriptional level is the first essential step for the functional analysis of plant genes. Genes-encoding proteins directly involved in early response to elicitor constitute only a small fraction of all the genes affected by elicitor. Transcriptional responses to various elicitors have been extensively studied in different plants including Nicotiana and Arabidopsis thaliana; however, corresponding data aren＇t available for non-heading Chinese cabbage. To address this problem, we describe a suppression subtractive library-based approach to isolate the plant＇s ESTs up-regulated in the early induction/execution of the HR induced by elicitor PB90 from Phytophthora boehmeriae. According to their putative identification in BLAST searches against the three genome databases, 70 up-regulated genes were classified into 9 parts： some aspect of primary ＇metabolism＇ or ＇energy＇ production; ＇protein synthesis＇ or ＇protein fate＇; cellular communication/signal transduction mechanism; cell fates including Beclin, SPT1, and SPT2; HLA-B and AGO1 which participate in transcription; cellular transport and hypothetical proteins or proteins for which a function has yet to be determined. Seven selected genes such as Beclin, thioredoxin, HLA-B, MAP3K, SPT1, SPT2, and AGO1 were up-regulated induced by PB90, suggesting that the genes may play an important role in PB90-triggered HR.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52170088 and 52070133)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M690844)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021JDRC0027)for financially supporting this study.
文摘Hospital sewage contains various harmful pharmaceutical contaminants(e.g.,antibiotics,anti-inflammatory agents,and painkillers)and pathogens(e.g.,bacteria,viruses,and parasites),whose direct discharge into the environment will induce diseases and pose a powerful threat to human health and safety,and environmental ecology.In recent years,advanced oxidation processes(AOPs),particularly photocatalysis,electrocatalysis,and ozone catalysis have been developed as widespread and effective techniques for hospital sewage treatments.However,there is a lack of systematic comparison and review of the prior studies on hospital sewage treatment using AOPs systems.This review elaborates on the mechanisms,removal efficiencies,and advantages/disadvantages of these AOPs systems for hospital wastewater decontamination and disinfection.Meanwhile,some novel and potential technologies such as photo-electrocatalysis,electro-peroxone,Fenton/Fenton-like,and piezoelectric catalysis are also included and summarized.Moreover,we further summarize and compare the capacity of these AOPs to treat the actual hospital wastewater under the impact of the water matrix and pH,and estimate the economic cost of these technologies for practical application.Finally,the future development directions of AOPs for hospital wastewater decontamination and disinfection have been prospected.Overall,this study provides a comparison and overview of these AOP systems in an attempt to raise extensive concerns about hospital wastewater decontamination and disinfection technologies and guide researchers to discover the future directions of technologies optimization,which would be a crucial step forward in the field of hospital sewage treatment.
文摘目的:建立了一种跨越式等温扩增技术(SRCA)结合荧光染料SYBR Green I检测肉制品中猪肉掺假的方法。方法:根据NCBI中猪的线粒体序列,通过DNAMAN等软件设计SRCA的特异性引物,分别采用普通SRCA和荧光可视化SRCA的方法建立肉制品中猪肉成分的检测方法,对9个不同物种的新鲜肌肉组织样本进行实验从而验证SRCA方法的特异性,并对66份未标识猪肉成分商业肉制品进行猪肉成分的检测。结果:SRCA荧光可视法检测猪肉DNA的灵敏度为6.5 fg/μL,与传统PCR方法相比,SRCA荧光可视法的灵敏度提高了1000倍。在人工添加猪肉的混合样品中,SRCA方法检测猪肉含量为0.01%(w/w)。与NY/T 3309-2018行业标准相比,SRCA方法检测肉制品中猪肉的敏感性、特异性和符合率分别为100%、96.66%、98.48%。结论:SRCA是一种检测肉制品中猪肉掺假的灵敏、直观的方法,具有很大的应用潜力。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30471123,30571206)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK2005421)New Century Excellent Scholar Project of Ministry of Education of China(NCET-07-0042).
文摘Monitoring expression at the transcriptional level is the first essential step for the functional analysis of plant genes. Genes-encoding proteins directly involved in early response to elicitor constitute only a small fraction of all the genes affected by elicitor. Transcriptional responses to various elicitors have been extensively studied in different plants including Nicotiana and Arabidopsis thaliana; however, corresponding data aren＇t available for non-heading Chinese cabbage. To address this problem, we describe a suppression subtractive library-based approach to isolate the plant＇s ESTs up-regulated in the early induction/execution of the HR induced by elicitor PB90 from Phytophthora boehmeriae. According to their putative identification in BLAST searches against the three genome databases, 70 up-regulated genes were classified into 9 parts： some aspect of primary ＇metabolism＇ or ＇energy＇ production; ＇protein synthesis＇ or ＇protein fate＇; cellular communication/signal transduction mechanism; cell fates including Beclin, SPT1, and SPT2; HLA-B and AGO1 which participate in transcription; cellular transport and hypothetical proteins or proteins for which a function has yet to be determined. Seven selected genes such as Beclin, thioredoxin, HLA-B, MAP3K, SPT1, SPT2, and AGO1 were up-regulated induced by PB90, suggesting that the genes may play an important role in PB90-triggered HR.
