Background：Salvianolic acid B （Sal B） is a bioactive water-soluble compound of Salviae miltiorrhizae,a traditional herbal medicine that has been used clinically tor the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.This stu...Background：Salvianolic acid B （Sal B） is a bioactive water-soluble compound of Salviae miltiorrhizae,a traditional herbal medicine that has been used clinically tor the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.This study sought to evaluate the effect of Sal B on matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） and on the underlying mechanisms in tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）-activated human coronary artery endothelial cells （HCAECs）,a cell model of Kawasaki disease.Methods：HCAECs were pretreated with 1 l0 μmol/L of Sal B,and then stimulated by TNF-α at different time points.The protein expression and activity of MMP-9 were determined by Western blot assay and gelatin zymogram assay,respectively.Nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） activation was detected with immunofluorescence,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and Western blot assay.Protein expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase （c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK],extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK],and p38） were determined by Western blot assay.Results：After HCAECs were exposed to TNF-α,1-10 μtmol/L Sal B significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression and activity.Furthermore,Sal B significantly decreased IκBα phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation in HCAECs stimulated with TNF-α for 30 min.In addition,Sal B decreased the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK1/2 proteins in cells treated with TNF-α for 10 min.Conclusions：The data suggested that Sal B suppressed TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression and activity by blocking the activation of NF-κB,JNK,and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.展开更多
Microwave transmission lines in wearable systems are easily damaged after frequent mechanical deformation,posing a severe threat to wireless communication.Here,we report a new strategy to achieve stretchable microwave...Microwave transmission lines in wearable systems are easily damaged after frequent mechanical deformation,posing a severe threat to wireless communication.Here,we report a new strategy to achieve stretchable microwave transmission lines with superior reliability and durability by integrating a self-healable elastomer with serpentine-geometry plasmonic meta-waveguide to support the spoof surface plasmon polariton(SSPP).After mechanical damage,the self-healable elastomer can autonomously repair itself to maintain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical strength.Meanwhile,the specially designed SSPP structure exhibits excellent stability and damage resistance.Even if the self-healing process has not been completed or the eventual repair effect is not ideal,the spoof plasmonic meta-waveguide Can still maintain reliable performance.Self-healing material enhances strength and durability,while the SSPP improves stability and gives more tolerance to the self-healing process.Our design coordinates the structural design with material synthesis to maximize the advantages of the SSPP and self-healing material,signifcantly improving the relability and durability of stretchable microwave transmission lines.We also perform communication quality experiments to demonstrate the potential of the proposed meta-waveguide as interconnects in future body area network systems.展开更多
Background:Both bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(BM-MSC)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)have a strong anti-inflammatory capacity in stroke.But their relationship has not been well addressed.In this study,w...Background:Both bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(BM-MSC)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)have a strong anti-inflammatory capacity in stroke.But their relationship has not been well addressed.In this study,we investigated how intravenous BM-MSC transplantation in rats effected the expression of TGF-β148 h post cerebral ischemia,and we analyzed the main cells that produce TGF-β1.Methods:We used a distal middle cerebral artery occlusion(dMCAO)model in twenty Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats.The rats were randomly divided into two groups:the ischemic control group and the postischemic BM-MSC transplantation group.One hour after the dMCAO model was established,the rats were injected in the tail vein with either 1 ml saline or 1×106 BM-MSCs suspended in 1 ml saline.ELISAs were used to detect TGF-β1 content in the brain infarct core area,striatum and the plasma at 48 h after cerebral infarction.Immunofluorescent staining of brain tissue sections for TGF-β1,Iba-1,CD68 and NeuN was performed to determine the number and the proportion of double stained cells and to detect possible TGF-β1 producing cells in the brain tissue.Results:Forty-eight hours after ischemia,the TGF-β1 content in the infarcted area of the BM-MSC transplantation group(23.94±4.48 pg/ml)was significantly lower than it was in the ischemic control group(34.18±4.32 pg/ml)(F=13.534,P=0.006).The TGF-β1 content in the rat plasma in the BM-MSC transplantation group(75.91±12.53 pg/ml)was significantly lower than it was in the ischemic control group(131.18±16.07 pg/ml)(F=36.779,P=0.0002),suggesting that after transplantation of BM-MSCs,TGF-β1 levels in the plasma decreased,but there was no significant change in the striatum area.Immunofluorescence staining showed that the total number of nucleated cells(1037.67±222.16 cells/mm2)in the infarcted area after transplantation was significantly higher than that in the ischemic control group(391.67±69.50 cells/mm2)(F=92.421,P<0.01);the number of TGF-β1+cells after transplantation(35.00±13.66 cells/mm2)展开更多
基金Acknowledgments We thank Medjaden and Editage for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript. Financial support and sponsorship This study was supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81274109, 30973238）, Key Research Project of Beijing Natural Science Foundation （B）/Beijing Education Committee （No. KZ201010025024）, and Project for Science and Technology Innovation, Beijing Education Committee （No. PXM2011 014226 07 000085）.
文摘Background：Salvianolic acid B （Sal B） is a bioactive water-soluble compound of Salviae miltiorrhizae,a traditional herbal medicine that has been used clinically tor the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.This study sought to evaluate the effect of Sal B on matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） and on the underlying mechanisms in tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）-activated human coronary artery endothelial cells （HCAECs）,a cell model of Kawasaki disease.Methods：HCAECs were pretreated with 1 l0 μmol/L of Sal B,and then stimulated by TNF-α at different time points.The protein expression and activity of MMP-9 were determined by Western blot assay and gelatin zymogram assay,respectively.Nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） activation was detected with immunofluorescence,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and Western blot assay.Protein expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase （c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK],extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase [ERK],and p38） were determined by Western blot assay.Results：After HCAECs were exposed to TNF-α,1-10 μtmol/L Sal B significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression and activity.Furthermore,Sal B significantly decreased IκBα phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation in HCAECs stimulated with TNF-α for 30 min.In addition,Sal B decreased the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK1/2 proteins in cells treated with TNF-α for 10 min.Conclusions：The data suggested that Sal B suppressed TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression and activity by blocking the activation of NF-κB,JNK,and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
基金the National Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists under grant number 61925103the Project for Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor,the Jiangsu Innovation Team Program,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242022k30008)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)6210010385the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21631006 and 21771100).
文摘Microwave transmission lines in wearable systems are easily damaged after frequent mechanical deformation,posing a severe threat to wireless communication.Here,we report a new strategy to achieve stretchable microwave transmission lines with superior reliability and durability by integrating a self-healable elastomer with serpentine-geometry plasmonic meta-waveguide to support the spoof surface plasmon polariton(SSPP).After mechanical damage,the self-healable elastomer can autonomously repair itself to maintain the electromagnetic performance and mechanical strength.Meanwhile,the specially designed SSPP structure exhibits excellent stability and damage resistance.Even if the self-healing process has not been completed or the eventual repair effect is not ideal,the spoof plasmonic meta-waveguide Can still maintain reliable performance.Self-healing material enhances strength and durability,while the SSPP improves stability and gives more tolerance to the self-healing process.Our design coordinates the structural design with material synthesis to maximize the advantages of the SSPP and self-healing material,signifcantly improving the relability and durability of stretchable microwave transmission lines.We also perform communication quality experiments to demonstrate the potential of the proposed meta-waveguide as interconnects in future body area network systems.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81371377)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.Z111107067311033)+2 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7172055)Jiangsu Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security"Six Talents Summit"High-level Talents Funding Project(No.2016-WSN-274)2017 Jiangsu Province Phase 5"333 Project"Research Project(No.BRA2017168)。
文摘Background:Both bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(BM-MSC)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)have a strong anti-inflammatory capacity in stroke.But their relationship has not been well addressed.In this study,we investigated how intravenous BM-MSC transplantation in rats effected the expression of TGF-β148 h post cerebral ischemia,and we analyzed the main cells that produce TGF-β1.Methods:We used a distal middle cerebral artery occlusion(dMCAO)model in twenty Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats.The rats were randomly divided into two groups:the ischemic control group and the postischemic BM-MSC transplantation group.One hour after the dMCAO model was established,the rats were injected in the tail vein with either 1 ml saline or 1×106 BM-MSCs suspended in 1 ml saline.ELISAs were used to detect TGF-β1 content in the brain infarct core area,striatum and the plasma at 48 h after cerebral infarction.Immunofluorescent staining of brain tissue sections for TGF-β1,Iba-1,CD68 and NeuN was performed to determine the number and the proportion of double stained cells and to detect possible TGF-β1 producing cells in the brain tissue.Results:Forty-eight hours after ischemia,the TGF-β1 content in the infarcted area of the BM-MSC transplantation group(23.94±4.48 pg/ml)was significantly lower than it was in the ischemic control group(34.18±4.32 pg/ml)(F=13.534,P=0.006).The TGF-β1 content in the rat plasma in the BM-MSC transplantation group(75.91±12.53 pg/ml)was significantly lower than it was in the ischemic control group(131.18±16.07 pg/ml)(F=36.779,P=0.0002),suggesting that after transplantation of BM-MSCs,TGF-β1 levels in the plasma decreased,but there was no significant change in the striatum area.Immunofluorescence staining showed that the total number of nucleated cells(1037.67±222.16 cells/mm2)in the infarcted area after transplantation was significantly higher than that in the ischemic control group(391.67±69.50 cells/mm2)(F=92.421,P<0.01);the number of TGF-β1+cells after transplantation(35.00±13.66 cells/mm2)
