AIM:To determine the resistance patterns of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) strains isolated from patients in Beijing and monitor the change of antibiotic resistance over time.METHODS:In this prospective,serial and cros...AIM:To determine the resistance patterns of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) strains isolated from patients in Beijing and monitor the change of antibiotic resistance over time.METHODS:In this prospective,serial and crosssectional study,H.pylori cultures were successfully obtained from 371 and 950 patients(never receiving eradication) during 2009-2010 and 2013-2014,respectively.Resistance to amoxicillin,clarithromycin,metronidazole,levofloxacin,tetracycline,and rifampicin was determined by Epsilometer test.RESULTS:The resistance rates of isolates obtained during 2009-2010 were 66.8%,39.9%,34.5%,15.4%,6.7%,and 4.9% to metronidazole,clarithromycin,levofloxacin,rifampicin,amoxicillin and tetracycline,respectively; and the corresponding rates for isolates during 2013-2014 were 63.4%,52.6%,54.8%,18.2%,4.4% and 7.3%,respectively.The resistance rates to clarithromycin and levofloxacin were significantly increased after four years.In 2009-2010,14.6% of H.pylori isolates were susceptible to all tested antibiotics,with mono(33.7%),double(28.3%),triple(16.7%),quadruple(6.2%),quintuple(0.3%) and sextuple resistance(0.3%) also being detected.In 2013-2014,9.4% were susceptible to all tested antibiotics,and mono(27.6%),double(28.4%),triple(24.9%),quadruple(7.3%),quintuple(2.3%) and sextuple resistance(0.1%) was also observed.More multiple resistant H.pylori isolates were found during 2013-2014.Gender(to levofloxacin and metronidazole),age(to levofloxacin) and endoscopic findings(to clarithromycin) were independent factors influencing antibiotic resistance.CONCLUSION:H.pylori resistance to commonly used antibiotics in Beijing is high with increased multiple antibiotic resistance.展开更多
Pneumoconiosis refers to a spectrum of pulmonary diseases caused by inhalation of mineral dust,usually as the result of certain occupations.The main pathological features include chronic pulmonary inflammation and pro...Pneumoconiosis refers to a spectrum of pulmonary diseases caused by inhalation of mineral dust,usually as the result of certain occupations.The main pathological features include chronic pulmonary inflammation and progressive pulmonary fibrosis,which can eventually lead to death caused by respiratory and/or heart failure.Pneumoconiosis is widespread globally,seriously threatening global public health.Its high incidence and mortality lie in improper occupational protection,and in the lack of early diagnostic methods and effective treatments.This article reviews the epidemiology,safeguard procedures,diagnosis,and treatment of pneumoconiosis,and summarizes recent research advances and future research prospects.展开更多
The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of ...The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.展开更多
Introduction Human serum albumin(HSA)is a non-glycosylated,negatively charged,single-chain polypeptide composed of 585 amino acid residues with a relative molecular mass of 66.438 kD.It is synthesized by the liver at ...Introduction Human serum albumin(HSA)is a non-glycosylated,negatively charged,single-chain polypeptide composed of 585 amino acid residues with a relative molecular mass of 66.438 kD.It is synthesized by the liver at a rate of approximately 200 mg·kg^(-1)·day^(-1),with a half-life of 21 days,and subjected to catabolism in the muscles,liver,and kidneys at a rate of 4%per day.[1]Albumin,accounting for 60%of the total plasma protein,has various physiological functions,[2]such as maintaining 70%to 80%of effective plasma colloid osmotic pressure,coordinating vascular endothelial integrity,anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities,maintaining the acidbase balance,and participating in the transport,distribution,and metabolism of a variety of endogenous and exogenous substances.展开更多
Background The optimal timing to start continuous renal replacement therapy （CRRT） for acute kidney injury （AKI） patients has not been accurately established. The recently proposed risk, injury, failure, loss, end...Background The optimal timing to start continuous renal replacement therapy （CRRT） for acute kidney injury （AKI） patients has not been accurately established. The recently proposed risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage kidney disease （RIFLE） criteria for diagnosis and classification of AKI may provide a method for clinicians to decide the ＂optimal timing＂ for starting CRRT under uniform guidelines. The present study aimed： （1） to analyze the correlation between RIFLE stage at the start of CRRT and 90-day survival rate after CRRT start, （2） to further investigate the correlation of RIFLE stage with the malignant kidney outcome in the 90-day survivors, and （3） to determine the influence of the timing of CRRT defined by RIFLE classification on the 90-day survival and malignant kidney outcome in 90-day survivors.Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on the data of 106 critically ill patients with AKI, treated with CRRT during a 6-year period in a university affiliated surgical intensive care unit （SICU）. Information such as sex, age, RIFLE stage, sepsis, sepsis-related organ failure assessment （SOFA） score, number of organ failures before CRRT, CRRT time during SICU, survival, and kidney outcome conditions at 90 days after CRRT start was collected. According to their baseline severity of AKI at the start of CRRT, the patients were assigned to three groups according to the increasing severity of RIFLE stages： RIFLE-R （risk of renal dysfunction, R）, RIFLE-I （injury to the kidney, I） and RIFLE-F （failure of kidney function, F） using RIFLE criteria. The malignant kidney outcome was classified as RIFLE-L （loss of kidney function L） or RIFLE-E （end-stage kidney disease, E） using RIFLE criteria. The correlation between RIFLE stage and 90-day survival rate was analyzed among these three RIFLE-categorized groups. Additionally, the association between RIFLE stage and the malignant kidney outcome （RIFLE-L＋RIFLF-E） in the 90-day survivors was anal展开更多
本文提出了一种用于技术融合与演化路径探测的新方法,即技术群相似度时序分析法,并将其应用于增材制造领域的技术发展路径分析。首先,以增材制造技术专利数据为分析对象,从专利文献记录层面、技术层面和技术域层面,依次对该技术领域整...本文提出了一种用于技术融合与演化路径探测的新方法,即技术群相似度时序分析法,并将其应用于增材制造领域的技术发展路径分析。首先,以增材制造技术专利数据为分析对象,从专利文献记录层面、技术层面和技术域层面,依次对该技术领域整体变化趋势进行测度;再次,基于IPC (International Patent Classification)分类号共现原理,利用社区探测算法识别技术群,并通过余弦相似度关联相邻时间区间的技术群;最后,通过可视化技术展示不同时间区间内技术群之间的融合和扩散演化关系。研究结果表明,增材制造技术处于快速发展期,技术融合能力与继承性逐渐增强,日益成为相对独立的技术领域。增材制造技术融合与扩散演化路径明确,主要包含增材制造材料和工艺、计算机辅助设计和增材制造应用三大主路径。近年来,金属增材制造和电弧增材制造成为技术热点,生物医疗领域、建筑领域和食品领域成为技术重点应用领域。技术群相似度时序分析法是传统IPC共现方法的有益补充,从动态视角展示技术演化路径,为全面探测技术演化路径提供新的视角和技术手段。展开更多
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period,No.2012BAI06B02the Capital Health Research and Development of Special,No.2011-4032-02
文摘AIM:To determine the resistance patterns of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) strains isolated from patients in Beijing and monitor the change of antibiotic resistance over time.METHODS:In this prospective,serial and crosssectional study,H.pylori cultures were successfully obtained from 371 and 950 patients(never receiving eradication) during 2009-2010 and 2013-2014,respectively.Resistance to amoxicillin,clarithromycin,metronidazole,levofloxacin,tetracycline,and rifampicin was determined by Epsilometer test.RESULTS:The resistance rates of isolates obtained during 2009-2010 were 66.8%,39.9%,34.5%,15.4%,6.7%,and 4.9% to metronidazole,clarithromycin,levofloxacin,rifampicin,amoxicillin and tetracycline,respectively; and the corresponding rates for isolates during 2013-2014 were 63.4%,52.6%,54.8%,18.2%,4.4% and 7.3%,respectively.The resistance rates to clarithromycin and levofloxacin were significantly increased after four years.In 2009-2010,14.6% of H.pylori isolates were susceptible to all tested antibiotics,with mono(33.7%),double(28.3%),triple(16.7%),quadruple(6.2%),quintuple(0.3%) and sextuple resistance(0.3%) also being detected.In 2013-2014,9.4% were susceptible to all tested antibiotics,and mono(27.6%),double(28.4%),triple(24.9%),quadruple(7.3%),quintuple(2.3%) and sextuple resistance(0.1%) was also observed.More multiple resistant H.pylori isolates were found during 2013-2014.Gender(to levofloxacin and metronidazole),age(to levofloxacin) and endoscopic findings(to clarithromycin) were independent factors influencing antibiotic resistance.CONCLUSION:H.pylori resistance to commonly used antibiotics in Beijing is high with increased multiple antibiotic resistance.
基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2018-I2M-1-001)the Basic Scientific Research Business Expense Project of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.20180709).
文摘Pneumoconiosis refers to a spectrum of pulmonary diseases caused by inhalation of mineral dust,usually as the result of certain occupations.The main pathological features include chronic pulmonary inflammation and progressive pulmonary fibrosis,which can eventually lead to death caused by respiratory and/or heart failure.Pneumoconiosis is widespread globally,seriously threatening global public health.Its high incidence and mortality lie in improper occupational protection,and in the lack of early diagnostic methods and effective treatments.This article reviews the epidemiology,safeguard procedures,diagnosis,and treatment of pneumoconiosis,and summarizes recent research advances and future research prospects.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2014CB845700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11390371)Funding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission
文摘The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.
基金the Wisdom Medical Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.2018ZHYL0227)the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(No.20DZ2200500).
文摘Introduction Human serum albumin(HSA)is a non-glycosylated,negatively charged,single-chain polypeptide composed of 585 amino acid residues with a relative molecular mass of 66.438 kD.It is synthesized by the liver at a rate of approximately 200 mg·kg^(-1)·day^(-1),with a half-life of 21 days,and subjected to catabolism in the muscles,liver,and kidneys at a rate of 4%per day.[1]Albumin,accounting for 60%of the total plasma protein,has various physiological functions,[2]such as maintaining 70%to 80%of effective plasma colloid osmotic pressure,coordinating vascular endothelial integrity,anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities,maintaining the acidbase balance,and participating in the transport,distribution,and metabolism of a variety of endogenous and exogenous substances.
文摘Background The optimal timing to start continuous renal replacement therapy （CRRT） for acute kidney injury （AKI） patients has not been accurately established. The recently proposed risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage kidney disease （RIFLE） criteria for diagnosis and classification of AKI may provide a method for clinicians to decide the ＂optimal timing＂ for starting CRRT under uniform guidelines. The present study aimed： （1） to analyze the correlation between RIFLE stage at the start of CRRT and 90-day survival rate after CRRT start, （2） to further investigate the correlation of RIFLE stage with the malignant kidney outcome in the 90-day survivors, and （3） to determine the influence of the timing of CRRT defined by RIFLE classification on the 90-day survival and malignant kidney outcome in 90-day survivors.Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on the data of 106 critically ill patients with AKI, treated with CRRT during a 6-year period in a university affiliated surgical intensive care unit （SICU）. Information such as sex, age, RIFLE stage, sepsis, sepsis-related organ failure assessment （SOFA） score, number of organ failures before CRRT, CRRT time during SICU, survival, and kidney outcome conditions at 90 days after CRRT start was collected. According to their baseline severity of AKI at the start of CRRT, the patients were assigned to three groups according to the increasing severity of RIFLE stages： RIFLE-R （risk of renal dysfunction, R）, RIFLE-I （injury to the kidney, I） and RIFLE-F （failure of kidney function, F） using RIFLE criteria. The malignant kidney outcome was classified as RIFLE-L （loss of kidney function L） or RIFLE-E （end-stage kidney disease, E） using RIFLE criteria. The correlation between RIFLE stage and 90-day survival rate was analyzed among these three RIFLE-categorized groups. Additionally, the association between RIFLE stage and the malignant kidney outcome （RIFLE-L＋RIFLF-E） in the 90-day survivors was anal
文摘本文提出了一种用于技术融合与演化路径探测的新方法,即技术群相似度时序分析法,并将其应用于增材制造领域的技术发展路径分析。首先,以增材制造技术专利数据为分析对象,从专利文献记录层面、技术层面和技术域层面,依次对该技术领域整体变化趋势进行测度;再次,基于IPC (International Patent Classification)分类号共现原理,利用社区探测算法识别技术群,并通过余弦相似度关联相邻时间区间的技术群;最后,通过可视化技术展示不同时间区间内技术群之间的融合和扩散演化关系。研究结果表明,增材制造技术处于快速发展期,技术融合能力与继承性逐渐增强,日益成为相对独立的技术领域。增材制造技术融合与扩散演化路径明确,主要包含增材制造材料和工艺、计算机辅助设计和增材制造应用三大主路径。近年来,金属增材制造和电弧增材制造成为技术热点,生物医疗领域、建筑领域和食品领域成为技术重点应用领域。技术群相似度时序分析法是传统IPC共现方法的有益补充,从动态视角展示技术演化路径,为全面探测技术演化路径提供新的视角和技术手段。
