Random numbers are one of the key foundations of cryptography.This work implements a discrete quantum random number generator(QRNG)based on the tunneling effect of electrons in an avalanche photo diode.Without any pos...Random numbers are one of the key foundations of cryptography.This work implements a discrete quantum random number generator(QRNG)based on the tunneling effect of electrons in an avalanche photo diode.Without any post-processing and conditioning,this QRNG can output raw sequences at a rate of 100 Mbps.Remarkably,the statistical min-entropy of the 8,000,000 bits sequence reaches 0.9944 bits/bit,and the min-entropy validated by NIST SP 800-90B reaches 0.9872 bits/bit.This metric is currently the highest value we have investigated for QRNG raw sequences.Moreover,this QRNG can continuously and stably output raw sequences with high randomness over extended periods.The system produced a continuous output of 1,174 Gbits raw sequence for a duration of 11,744 s,with every 8 Mbits forming a unit to obtain a statistical min-entropy distribution with an average value of 0.9892 bits/bit.The statistical min-entropy of all data(1,174 Gbits)achieves the value of0.9951 bits/bit.This QRNG can produce high-quality raw sequences with good randomness and stability.It has the potential to meet the high demand in cryptography for random numbers with high quality.展开更多
目的:探究直流微电场(DCEF)对炎症微环境下的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(rBMSCs)成骨分化作用的影响。方法:提取、培养及鉴定rBMSCs;以10mg/ml的TNF-α诱发细胞炎症反应,采用ELISA及实时定量PCR检测IL-1β及TNF-α的分泌量及基因表达;对正常r...目的:探究直流微电场(DCEF)对炎症微环境下的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(rBMSCs)成骨分化作用的影响。方法:提取、培养及鉴定rBMSCs;以10mg/ml的TNF-α诱发细胞炎症反应,采用ELISA及实时定量PCR检测IL-1β及TNF-α的分泌量及基因表达;对正常rBMSCs(H-rBMSCs)组及炎症微环境下rBMSCs(H+cy tok ines)组加载DCEF,MTT法测生长曲线,茜素红染色及钙离子沉积量检测,实时定量PCR检测成骨基因BSP、OCN、Runx2的表达,Western blot检测成骨蛋白ALP及Runx2的表达量。结果:H+cytokines组细胞IL-1β及TNF-α的分泌量均明显高于H-rBMSCs组(35.6±3.0比12.2±1.5;49.2±3.5比14.9±2.1,P<0.05);H+cy tok ines组IL-1β及TNF-α基因表达水平分别是H-rBMSCs组2.5倍、2.2倍;H+cy tok ines+DCEF组及H-rBMSCs+DCEF组BSP、OCN、Runx2基因表达水平及ALP、Runx2蛋白表达水平分别高于H+cytokines组及H-rBMSCs(P<0.05),H+cytokines+DCEF组部分成骨能力指标高于H-rBMSCs(ALP蛋白表达水平:0.95±0.08比0.43±0.04,R unx 2蛋白表达水平:0.85±0.08比0.31±0.04;P<0.05)。结论:DCEF可促进炎症微环境下的rBMSCs增殖及成骨分化。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51727805)。
文摘Random numbers are one of the key foundations of cryptography.This work implements a discrete quantum random number generator(QRNG)based on the tunneling effect of electrons in an avalanche photo diode.Without any post-processing and conditioning,this QRNG can output raw sequences at a rate of 100 Mbps.Remarkably,the statistical min-entropy of the 8,000,000 bits sequence reaches 0.9944 bits/bit,and the min-entropy validated by NIST SP 800-90B reaches 0.9872 bits/bit.This metric is currently the highest value we have investigated for QRNG raw sequences.Moreover,this QRNG can continuously and stably output raw sequences with high randomness over extended periods.The system produced a continuous output of 1,174 Gbits raw sequence for a duration of 11,744 s,with every 8 Mbits forming a unit to obtain a statistical min-entropy distribution with an average value of 0.9892 bits/bit.The statistical min-entropy of all data(1,174 Gbits)achieves the value of0.9951 bits/bit.This QRNG can produce high-quality raw sequences with good randomness and stability.It has the potential to meet the high demand in cryptography for random numbers with high quality.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51975146,52205344)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2020QE171)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Plan in Shandong Province,China(No.2019JZZY010364)the National Defense Basic Scientific Research of China(No.JCK2018603C017)。
文摘目的:探究直流微电场(DCEF)对炎症微环境下的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(rBMSCs)成骨分化作用的影响。方法:提取、培养及鉴定rBMSCs;以10mg/ml的TNF-α诱发细胞炎症反应,采用ELISA及实时定量PCR检测IL-1β及TNF-α的分泌量及基因表达;对正常rBMSCs(H-rBMSCs)组及炎症微环境下rBMSCs(H+cy tok ines)组加载DCEF,MTT法测生长曲线,茜素红染色及钙离子沉积量检测,实时定量PCR检测成骨基因BSP、OCN、Runx2的表达,Western blot检测成骨蛋白ALP及Runx2的表达量。结果:H+cytokines组细胞IL-1β及TNF-α的分泌量均明显高于H-rBMSCs组(35.6±3.0比12.2±1.5;49.2±3.5比14.9±2.1,P<0.05);H+cy tok ines组IL-1β及TNF-α基因表达水平分别是H-rBMSCs组2.5倍、2.2倍;H+cy tok ines+DCEF组及H-rBMSCs+DCEF组BSP、OCN、Runx2基因表达水平及ALP、Runx2蛋白表达水平分别高于H+cytokines组及H-rBMSCs(P<0.05),H+cytokines+DCEF组部分成骨能力指标高于H-rBMSCs(ALP蛋白表达水平:0.95±0.08比0.43±0.04,R unx 2蛋白表达水平:0.85±0.08比0.31±0.04;P<0.05)。结论:DCEF可促进炎症微环境下的rBMSCs增殖及成骨分化。
