目的:观察逍遥散对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损及抑郁神经递质的干预作用。方法:36只BALB/c雄性小鼠,背部备皮后,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、甲氨蝶呤组和逍遥散高、中、低剂量组,每组6只,除对照组外,其余各组小鼠均用5%咪喹...目的:观察逍遥散对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损及抑郁神经递质的干预作用。方法:36只BALB/c雄性小鼠,背部备皮后,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、甲氨蝶呤组和逍遥散高、中、低剂量组,每组6只,除对照组外,其余各组小鼠均用5%咪喹莫特乳膏背部涂抹诱导银屑病样皮损。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)每日进行评分;糖水偏好实验探究小鼠行为学差异;光镜下观察皮损组织形态学变化及表皮厚度;免疫组化法检测皮损组织中T淋巴细胞表面标志物CD3的表达情况;免疫荧光法检测皮损组织中Ki67的表达情况;液相色谱-质谱联用技术检测小鼠海马区和下丘脑区脑组织肾上腺素(adrenaline,AD)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutylic acid,GABA)、谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)、多巴胺(dopamine,DA)及其代谢产物等单胺类神经递质的含量。结果:逍遥散各剂量组和甲氨蝶呤组背部皮损较模型组有明显改善,PASI评分和表皮厚度均显著低于模型组(P<0.05);逍遥散各剂量组和甲氨蝶呤组皮损中Ki67和CD3^+T细胞的水平均较模型组显著降低(P<0.05);空白对照组及逍遥散高剂量组小鼠体质量变化幅度显著小于模型组(P<0.05);空白对照组糖水偏好率显著高于模型组(P<0.01),甲氨蝶呤组和逍遥散各剂量组糖水偏好率与模型组相比有一定升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义;空白对照组小鼠海马区3,4-二羟基苯乙酸(3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid,DOPAC)、AD、GLU和GABA含量较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),DA和高香草酸(homovanillic acid,HVA)的含量较模型组无显著差异(P>0.05);空白对照组小鼠下丘脑区AD和GABA的含量较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),DA、DOPAC、HVA和GLU的含量较模型组无显著差异(P>0.05);逍遥散高剂量组下丘脑区AD的含量较模型组显著增多(P<0.01),逍遥散低剂量组下丘脑区HVA的含量较模型组显著增多(P<0.01)。PASI展开更多
Nano-infrared(nanoIR)probes play a crucial role as nano-mechanical sensors and antennas for light absorption and emission,and their testing performance is critically dependent on their optical properties and structura...Nano-infrared(nanoIR)probes play a crucial role as nano-mechanical sensors and antennas for light absorption and emission,and their testing performance is critically dependent on their optical properties and structural stability.Graphene-coated dielectric probes are highly attractive for enhancing light–matter interactions and integrating IR photonics,providing a broadband optical response and strong electromagnetic field.However,achieving continuous single-layer graphene growth on non-planar and non-single crystalline dielectrics is a significant challenge due to the low surface energy of the dielectric and the large difference in size between the probe tip,cantilever,and substrate.Herein,we present a novel method for the growth of high-quality and continuous graphene with good conductivity on non-planar and amorphous dielectric probe surfaces using manganese oxide powder-assisted short time heating chemical vapor deposition.The resulting graphene-coated dielectric probes exhibit an average IR reflectance of only 5%in the mid-IR band,significantly outperforming probes without continuous graphene coating.Such probes can not only effectively transduce the local photothermal sample expansion caused by the absorption of IR laser pulses,but also effectively scatter near-field light,which is 25 times stronger than the commercial metal-coated probes,and have advantages in the application of nanoIR sensing based on atomic force microscope-based infrared(AFM-IR)spectroscopy and infrared scattering scanning near field optical microscopy(IR s-SNOM)principles.Furthermore,our graphene growth method provides a solution for growing high-quality graphene on the surfaces of non-planar dielectric materials required for integrated circuits and other fields.展开更多
American sloughgrass(Beckmannia syzigachne(Steud.) Fernald) is one of the most competitive and malignant weeds in rice-wheat rotation fields in China. American sloughgrass populations in the Jiangsu Province of China ...American sloughgrass(Beckmannia syzigachne(Steud.) Fernald) is one of the most competitive and malignant weeds in rice-wheat rotation fields in China. American sloughgrass populations in the Jiangsu Province of China became less sensitive to acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS) inhibitors after repeated application for many years in these areas. Two suspected resistant American sloughgrass populations(R1 and R2) collected in the field were detected the resistance to inhibitors of AHAS in whole-plant dose-response assays, compared to the susceptible(S) population. These assays indicated that R1 showed low resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl(3.32-fold), imazapic(2.84-fold) and pyroxsulam(1.55-fold), moderate resistance to flazasulfuron(4.67-fold) and pyribenzoxim(7.41-fold), and high resistance to flucarbazone(11.73-fold). However, using a combination of the cytochrome P450 inhibitor, malathion, with mesosulfuron-methyl resulted in a reduction in R1 resistance relative to mesosulfuron-methyl alone. Furthermore, R2 was highly resistant to flazasulfuron(34.90-fold), imazapic(11.30-fold), flucarbazone(49.20-fold), pyribenzoxim(12.94-fold), moderately resistant to mesosulfuron-methyl(9.77-fold) and pyroxsulam(6.26-fold), and malathion had no effect on R2 resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl. The fulllength of AHAS genes was sequenced and the AHAS enzymes were assayed in vitro in order to clarify the mechanism of resistance to AHAS inhibitors in R1 and R2 populations. The results demonstrated that R2 had a Pro-197-Ser mutation in the AHAS gene, and the sensitivity of R2 to the five AHAS inhibitors was decreased, which may result in R2 resistance to AHAS inhibitors. There was no mutation in the AHAS gene of R1, and there were no significant differences in enzyme sensitivity between susceptible(S) and resistant(R1) populations. An enhanced metabolism may be the main mechanism of R1 resistance to AHAS inhibitors.展开更多
文摘目的:观察逍遥散对咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病样小鼠模型皮损及抑郁神经递质的干预作用。方法:36只BALB/c雄性小鼠,背部备皮后,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、甲氨蝶呤组和逍遥散高、中、低剂量组,每组6只,除对照组外,其余各组小鼠均用5%咪喹莫特乳膏背部涂抹诱导银屑病样皮损。采用银屑病皮损面积和疾病严重程度(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)每日进行评分;糖水偏好实验探究小鼠行为学差异;光镜下观察皮损组织形态学变化及表皮厚度;免疫组化法检测皮损组织中T淋巴细胞表面标志物CD3的表达情况;免疫荧光法检测皮损组织中Ki67的表达情况;液相色谱-质谱联用技术检测小鼠海马区和下丘脑区脑组织肾上腺素(adrenaline,AD)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutylic acid,GABA)、谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)、多巴胺(dopamine,DA)及其代谢产物等单胺类神经递质的含量。结果:逍遥散各剂量组和甲氨蝶呤组背部皮损较模型组有明显改善,PASI评分和表皮厚度均显著低于模型组(P<0.05);逍遥散各剂量组和甲氨蝶呤组皮损中Ki67和CD3^+T细胞的水平均较模型组显著降低(P<0.05);空白对照组及逍遥散高剂量组小鼠体质量变化幅度显著小于模型组(P<0.05);空白对照组糖水偏好率显著高于模型组(P<0.01),甲氨蝶呤组和逍遥散各剂量组糖水偏好率与模型组相比有一定升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义;空白对照组小鼠海马区3,4-二羟基苯乙酸(3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid,DOPAC)、AD、GLU和GABA含量较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),DA和高香草酸(homovanillic acid,HVA)的含量较模型组无显著差异(P>0.05);空白对照组小鼠下丘脑区AD和GABA的含量较模型组显著降低(P<0.05),DA、DOPAC、HVA和GLU的含量较模型组无显著差异(P>0.05);逍遥散高剂量组下丘脑区AD的含量较模型组显著增多(P<0.01),逍遥散低剂量组下丘脑区HVA的含量较模型组显著增多(P<0.01)。PASI
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22002127,22275155,22272140,22202162,and 21904112)the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(No.3502Z20227008)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720210016)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1201502)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720220011)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M722648).
文摘Nano-infrared(nanoIR)probes play a crucial role as nano-mechanical sensors and antennas for light absorption and emission,and their testing performance is critically dependent on their optical properties and structural stability.Graphene-coated dielectric probes are highly attractive for enhancing light–matter interactions and integrating IR photonics,providing a broadband optical response and strong electromagnetic field.However,achieving continuous single-layer graphene growth on non-planar and non-single crystalline dielectrics is a significant challenge due to the low surface energy of the dielectric and the large difference in size between the probe tip,cantilever,and substrate.Herein,we present a novel method for the growth of high-quality and continuous graphene with good conductivity on non-planar and amorphous dielectric probe surfaces using manganese oxide powder-assisted short time heating chemical vapor deposition.The resulting graphene-coated dielectric probes exhibit an average IR reflectance of only 5%in the mid-IR band,significantly outperforming probes without continuous graphene coating.Such probes can not only effectively transduce the local photothermal sample expansion caused by the absorption of IR laser pulses,but also effectively scatter near-field light,which is 25 times stronger than the commercial metal-coated probes,and have advantages in the application of nanoIR sensing based on atomic force microscope-based infrared(AFM-IR)spectroscopy and infrared scattering scanning near field optical microscopy(IR s-SNOM)principles.Furthermore,our graphene growth method provides a solution for growing high-quality graphene on the surfaces of non-planar dielectric materials required for integrated circuits and other fields.
基金financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371952)the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(201303031)
文摘American sloughgrass(Beckmannia syzigachne(Steud.) Fernald) is one of the most competitive and malignant weeds in rice-wheat rotation fields in China. American sloughgrass populations in the Jiangsu Province of China became less sensitive to acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS) inhibitors after repeated application for many years in these areas. Two suspected resistant American sloughgrass populations(R1 and R2) collected in the field were detected the resistance to inhibitors of AHAS in whole-plant dose-response assays, compared to the susceptible(S) population. These assays indicated that R1 showed low resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl(3.32-fold), imazapic(2.84-fold) and pyroxsulam(1.55-fold), moderate resistance to flazasulfuron(4.67-fold) and pyribenzoxim(7.41-fold), and high resistance to flucarbazone(11.73-fold). However, using a combination of the cytochrome P450 inhibitor, malathion, with mesosulfuron-methyl resulted in a reduction in R1 resistance relative to mesosulfuron-methyl alone. Furthermore, R2 was highly resistant to flazasulfuron(34.90-fold), imazapic(11.30-fold), flucarbazone(49.20-fold), pyribenzoxim(12.94-fold), moderately resistant to mesosulfuron-methyl(9.77-fold) and pyroxsulam(6.26-fold), and malathion had no effect on R2 resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl. The fulllength of AHAS genes was sequenced and the AHAS enzymes were assayed in vitro in order to clarify the mechanism of resistance to AHAS inhibitors in R1 and R2 populations. The results demonstrated that R2 had a Pro-197-Ser mutation in the AHAS gene, and the sensitivity of R2 to the five AHAS inhibitors was decreased, which may result in R2 resistance to AHAS inhibitors. There was no mutation in the AHAS gene of R1, and there were no significant differences in enzyme sensitivity between susceptible(S) and resistant(R1) populations. An enhanced metabolism may be the main mechanism of R1 resistance to AHAS inhibitors.
