在畜禽资源保护中,群体遗传多样性和遗传结构是决定保种效果的重要因素。本研究采用全基因组重测序技术检测100头秦川牛(30头公牛、70头母牛)的基因组变异,通过分析群体遗传多样性、连续纯合片段(runs of homozygosity,ROH)分布特征、...在畜禽资源保护中,群体遗传多样性和遗传结构是决定保种效果的重要因素。本研究采用全基因组重测序技术检测100头秦川牛(30头公牛、70头母牛)的基因组变异,通过分析群体遗传多样性、连续纯合片段(runs of homozygosity,ROH)分布特征、亲缘关系和家系结构,对秦川牛的保种效果进行了综合评估。结果显示,100头秦川牛共检测到20,968,017个高质量SNPs位点,平均最小等位基因频率为0.191±0.124,平均多态信息含量为0.279±0.131,平均观察杂合度为0.275±0.131,平均期望杂合度为0.279±0.131,表明秦川保种群遗传多样性较为丰富。秦川牛保种群体平均状态同源(identity by state,IBS)遗传距离为0.243±0.020,其中公牛为0.242±0.021,亲缘关系G矩阵结果与IBS距离矩阵结果一致,均显示秦川牛保种群部分个体间亲缘关系较近。100头秦川牛个体共检测到8258个基因组ROH,ROH总长度为9.64 GB,平均ROH长度为1.167±1.203 Mb,69.35%的ROH是长度为0.5~1 Mb的短ROH。个体平均ROH总长度为96.40 Mb。基于ROH的平均近交系数为0.039±0.039,其中30头秦川公牛的平均近交系数为0.044±0.035,表明部分公牛个体存在一定程度的近交积累。进化树结果显示,秦川牛保种群所测个体可分为8个家系,包括7个含公牛家系和1个不含公牛家系。本研究表明,秦川牛保种群的遗传多样性较为丰富,未出现较大程度近交积累,但部分个体间存在近交风险,应强化选配以确保秦川牛资源的可持续发展。展开更多
A circular-sided square microcavity laser etched a central hole has achieved chaos operation with a bandwidth of 20.8 GHz without external optical feedback or injection,in which the intensity probability distribution ...A circular-sided square microcavity laser etched a central hole has achieved chaos operation with a bandwidth of 20.8 GHz without external optical feedback or injection,in which the intensity probability distribution of a chaotic signal with a twopeak pattern was observed.Based on the self-chaotic microlaser,physical random numbers at 400 Gb/s were generated by extracting the four least significant bits without other complex post-processing methods.The solitary chaos laser and minimal post-processing have predicted a simpler and low-cost on-chip random number generator in the future.展开更多
文摘在畜禽资源保护中,群体遗传多样性和遗传结构是决定保种效果的重要因素。本研究采用全基因组重测序技术检测100头秦川牛(30头公牛、70头母牛)的基因组变异,通过分析群体遗传多样性、连续纯合片段(runs of homozygosity,ROH)分布特征、亲缘关系和家系结构,对秦川牛的保种效果进行了综合评估。结果显示,100头秦川牛共检测到20,968,017个高质量SNPs位点,平均最小等位基因频率为0.191±0.124,平均多态信息含量为0.279±0.131,平均观察杂合度为0.275±0.131,平均期望杂合度为0.279±0.131,表明秦川保种群遗传多样性较为丰富。秦川牛保种群体平均状态同源(identity by state,IBS)遗传距离为0.243±0.020,其中公牛为0.242±0.021,亲缘关系G矩阵结果与IBS距离矩阵结果一致,均显示秦川牛保种群部分个体间亲缘关系较近。100头秦川牛个体共检测到8258个基因组ROH,ROH总长度为9.64 GB,平均ROH长度为1.167±1.203 Mb,69.35%的ROH是长度为0.5~1 Mb的短ROH。个体平均ROH总长度为96.40 Mb。基于ROH的平均近交系数为0.039±0.039,其中30头秦川公牛的平均近交系数为0.044±0.035,表明部分公牛个体存在一定程度的近交积累。进化树结果显示,秦川牛保种群所测个体可分为8个家系,包括7个含公牛家系和1个不含公牛家系。本研究表明,秦川牛保种群的遗传多样性较为丰富,未出现较大程度近交积累,但部分个体间存在近交风险,应强化选配以确保秦川牛资源的可持续发展。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12274407,61935018,62122073,and 61874113)the Strategic Priority Research Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB43000000)。
文摘A circular-sided square microcavity laser etched a central hole has achieved chaos operation with a bandwidth of 20.8 GHz without external optical feedback or injection,in which the intensity probability distribution of a chaotic signal with a twopeak pattern was observed.Based on the self-chaotic microlaser,physical random numbers at 400 Gb/s were generated by extracting the four least significant bits without other complex post-processing methods.The solitary chaos laser and minimal post-processing have predicted a simpler and low-cost on-chip random number generator in the future.
