A robust unsteady rotor flowfield solver CLORNS code is established to predict the complex unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of rotor flowfield. In order to handle the difficult problem about grid generation around...A robust unsteady rotor flowfield solver CLORNS code is established to predict the complex unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of rotor flowfield. In order to handle the difficult problem about grid generation around rotor with complex aerodynamic shape in this CFD code,a parameterized grid generated method is established, and the moving-embedded grids are constructed by several proposed universal methods. In this work, the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes（RANS） equations with Spalart-Allmaras are selected as the governing equations to predict the unsteady flowfield of helicopter rotor. The discretization of convective fluxes is accomplished by employing the second-order central difference scheme, third-order MUSCL-Roe scheme, and fifth-order WENO-Roe scheme. Aimed at simulating the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of helicopter rotor, the dual-time scheme with implicit LU-SGS scheme is employed to accomplish the temporal discretization. In order to improve the computational efficiency of holecells and donor elements searching of the moving-embedded grid technology, the ‘‘disturbance diffraction method＂ and ‘‘minimum distance scheme of donor elements method＂ are established in this work. To improve the computational efficiency, Message Passing Interface（MPI） parallel method based on subdivision of grid, local preconditioning method and Full Approximation Storage（FAS） multi-grid method are combined in this code. By comparison of the numerical results simulated by CLORNS code with test data, it is illustrated that the present code could simulate the aerodynamic loads and aerodynamic noise characteristics of helicopter rotor accurately.展开更多
Background:Resistance to ferroptosis,a regulated cell death caused by irondependent excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides,has recently been linked to lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD).Intracellular antioxidant systems are...Background:Resistance to ferroptosis,a regulated cell death caused by irondependent excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides,has recently been linked to lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD).Intracellular antioxidant systems are required for protection against ferroptosis.The purpose of the present studywas to investigate whether and how extracellular system desensitizes LUAD cells to ferroptosis.Methods:Established human lung fibroblasts MRC-5,WI38,and human LUAD H1650,PC9,H1975,H358,A549,and H1299 cell lines,tumor and matched normal adjacent tissues of LUAD,and plasma from healthy individuals and LUAD patients were used in this study.Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were used to analyze protein expression,and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was used to analyze mRNA expression.Cell viability,cell death,and the lipid reactive oxygen species generationwere measured to evaluate the responses to ferroptosis.Exosomes were observed using transmission electron microscope.The localization of arachidonic acid(AA)was detected using click chemistry labeling followed by confocal microscopy.Interactions between RNAs and proteins were detected using RNA pull-down,RNA immunoprecipitation and photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation methods.Proteomic analysis was used to investigate RNA-regulated proteins,and metabolomic analysis was performed to analyze metabolites.Cellderived xenograft,patient-derived xenograft,cell-implanted intrapulmonary LUAD mouse models and plasma/tissue specimens from LUAD patients were used to validate the molecular mechanism.Results:Plasma exosome from LUAD patients specifically reduced lipid peroxidation and desensitized LUAD cells to ferroptosis.A potential explanation is that exosomal circRNA_101093(cir93)maintained an elevation in intracellular cir93 in LUAD to modulate AA,a poly-unsaturated fatty acid critical for ferroptosisassociated increased peroxidation in the plasma membrane.Mechanistically,cir93 interacted with and increased fatty acid-binding protei展开更多
A numerical study on flow control of ship airwake during shipboard landing is carried out to address the effect of flow control devices on helicopter rotor airload. The in-house Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) b...A numerical study on flow control of ship airwake during shipboard landing is carried out to address the effect of flow control devices on helicopter rotor airload. The in-house Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) based solver Rotorcraft AeroDynamics and Aeroacoustics Solver(RADAS), with combination of momentum source approach is employed to conduct the helicopter shipboard landing simulation. The control effects of three aerodynamic modifications of ship superstructure, i.e. ramp, notch and flap, in different Wind-Over-Deck(WOD) conditions are discussed.From the steady simulation results, the effect of spatial variation of ship airwake on rotor airloads is concluded. The aerodynamic modifications reduce the strength of shedding vortex and increase rotor normal force through delaying and relieving flow separation, and therefore are beneficial to alleviate the limitation of control inputs. By contrast, the perturbation of unsteady ship airwake can cause the serious oscillation of rotor forces during shipboard landing. The unsteady simulations show that the turbulence intensity of ship airwake and oscillatory rotor airloading, represented by Root-Mean-Square(RMS) loading, can be remarkably reduced by the ramp and notch modifications, while the flap modification has adverse effect. It means that flow control devices have large potential benefits to alleviate the pilot's workload and improve the shipboard landing safety, but they should be well designed to avoid the introduction of more vortex, which leads to increase in disturbance of flow field.展开更多
Background: Non-smokers account for a large proportion of lung cancer patients, especially in Asia, but the attention paid to them is limited compared with smokers. In non-smokers, males display a risk for lung cancer...Background: Non-smokers account for a large proportion of lung cancer patients, especially in Asia, but the attention paid to them is limited compared with smokers. In non-smokers, males display a risk for lung cancer incidence distinct from the females-even after excluding the influence of smoking;but the knowledge regarding the factors causing the difference is sparse. Based on a large multicenter prospective cancer screening cohort in China, we aimed to elucidate the interpretable sex differences caused by known factors and provide clues for primary and secondary prevention.Methods: Risk factors including demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, family history of cancer, and baseline comorbidity were obtained from 796,283 Chinese non-smoking participants by the baseline risk assessment completed in 2013 to 2018. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the sex difference in the risk of lung cancer, and the hazard ratios (HRs) that were adjusted for different known factors were calculated and compared to determine the proportion of excess risk and to explain the existing risk factors.Results: With a median follow-up of 4.80 years, 3351 subjects who were diagnosed with lung cancer were selected in the analysis. The lung cancer risk of males was significantly higher than that of females;the HRs in all male non-smokers were 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-1.38) after adjusting for the age and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.50) after adjusting for all factors, which suggested that known factors could not explain the sex difference in the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers. Known factors were 7% (|1.29-1.38|/1.29) more harmful in women than in men. For adenocarcinoma, women showed excess risk higher than men, contrary to squamous cell carcinoma;after adjusting for all factors, 47% ([1.30-1.16]/[1.30-1]) and 4% ([7.02-6.75]/[7.02-1])) of the excess risk was explainable in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The main causes of gender differences in lung cancer risk were lifestyle factors, baseline展开更多
The pollution of antibiotics in aquatic environments has received extensive attention.Yet,research on antibiotic contamination in river-lake systems,a significant form of modern aquatic environments,still needs to be ...The pollution of antibiotics in aquatic environments has received extensive attention.Yet,research on antibiotic contamination in river-lake systems,a significant form of modern aquatic environments,still needs to be explored.This study focuses on the Chaohu Basin(China)investigating the occurrence characteristics,influencing factors,and risk assessments of antibiotics in the river-lake system.The total antibiotic concentrations in the water phase and sediment phase were 3.14–1887.49 ng/L and 0.92–1553.75 ng/g,respectively.Clindamycin was the predominant antibiotic in the water phase,whereas tetracycline prevailed in the sediment phase.Notable differences in concentration and structural composition of antibiotics between the tributaries(river system)and Chaohu Lake were observed,indicating the involvement of various geochemical processes in the attenuation of antibiotics during transport to the receiving lake.Spatial analysis suggested that the western river is the primary source of antibiotics in Chaohu Lake.Controlling nutrient influx in heavily polluted areas is crucial to addressing the escalating issue of antibiotic pollution in the river-lake system.The widespread occurrence of clindamycin in the waters is likely due to wastewater treatment plant discharges,and high-intensity human activities continue to exacerbate antibiotic contamination.Risk assessment indicated that sulfamethoxazole,tetracycline,lincomycin,and clindamycin ranked in the top four with the highest risks to the most sensitive aquatic organisms.Nonetheless,the antibiotics presented no risk to consumer health.This study provides valuable insights for controlling antibiotic pollution in riverlake systems.展开更多
A complete spinal cord injury model was established in experimental rabbits using the spinal cord clip compression method. Urodynamic examination was performed 2 weeks later to determine neurogenic bladder status. The...A complete spinal cord injury model was established in experimental rabbits using the spinal cord clip compression method. Urodynamic examination was performed 2 weeks later to determine neurogenic bladder status. The rabbits were treated with anodal block stimulation at sacral anterior roots for 4 weeks. Electrical stimulation of sacral anterior roots improved urodynamic parameters of neurogenic bladder in rabbit models of complete spinal cord injury, effectively promoted urinary function, and relieved urinary retention. Immunohistochemistry results showed that a balance was achieved among expression of muscarinic receptor subunits M2, M3, ATP-gated ion channel P2X3 receptors, and 132-adrenergic receptor, and nerve growth factor expression decreased. These results suggested that long-term sacral anterior root stimulation of anodal block could＇be used to treat neurogenic bladder in a rabbit model of complete spinal cord injury.展开更多
[目的]系统评价基于自我同情的护理干预对癌症患者心理健康结局的改善效果.[方法]检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、Science Direct、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊全文数据库及中国生物医...[目的]系统评价基于自我同情的护理干预对癌症患者心理健康结局的改善效果.[方法]检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、Science Direct、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊全文数据库及中国生物医学文献服务系统中基于自我同情的护理干预应用于癌症患者的随机对照试验研究方面的文献,检索时限为从建库至2023年8月.由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料、评价文献质量,使用RevMan5.2软件进行Meta分析.[结果]共计纳入11项研究,包含698例研究对象.Meta分析结果显示,基于自我同情的护理干预可显著提高癌症患者的正念(SMD=0.66,95%CI[0.36,0.96],P<0.001)和自我同情水平(SMD=0.55,95%CI[0.39,0.71],P<0.001),明显缓解焦虑情绪(SMD=-0.53,95%CI[-1.05,-0.02],P=0.04)和抑郁情绪(SMD=-0.26,95%CI[-0.43,-0.09],P=0.003).[结论]基于自我同情的护理干预可有效提高癌症患者的正念和自我同情水平,并缓解焦虑与抑郁情绪.展开更多
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11272150, 10872094 and 10602024)
文摘A robust unsteady rotor flowfield solver CLORNS code is established to predict the complex unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of rotor flowfield. In order to handle the difficult problem about grid generation around rotor with complex aerodynamic shape in this CFD code,a parameterized grid generated method is established, and the moving-embedded grids are constructed by several proposed universal methods. In this work, the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes（RANS） equations with Spalart-Allmaras are selected as the governing equations to predict the unsteady flowfield of helicopter rotor. The discretization of convective fluxes is accomplished by employing the second-order central difference scheme, third-order MUSCL-Roe scheme, and fifth-order WENO-Roe scheme. Aimed at simulating the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of helicopter rotor, the dual-time scheme with implicit LU-SGS scheme is employed to accomplish the temporal discretization. In order to improve the computational efficiency of holecells and donor elements searching of the moving-embedded grid technology, the ‘‘disturbance diffraction method＂ and ‘‘minimum distance scheme of donor elements method＂ are established in this work. To improve the computational efficiency, Message Passing Interface（MPI） parallel method based on subdivision of grid, local preconditioning method and Full Approximation Storage（FAS） multi-grid method are combined in this code. By comparison of the numerical results simulated by CLORNS code with test data, it is illustrated that the present code could simulate the aerodynamic loads and aerodynamic noise characteristics of helicopter rotor accurately.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:81871907,81822029,81872288,82173015,81902315,81902869,81774291ShanghaiMunicipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine,Grant/Award Number:20191834+5 种基金Project of Clinical Research Supporting SystemClinical Medicine First-class DisciplineShanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation,Grant/Award Number:18CG16Shanghai Sailing Program,Grant/Award Number:19YF1444800Science and technology commission of Shanghai municipality project,Grant/Award Numbers:19140902600,21140902800Shanghai ChestHospital,Grant/Award Numbers:2018YNJCM01,2019YNJCM06,2021YNZYJ01,2021YNZYY01,2021YNZYY02。
文摘Background:Resistance to ferroptosis,a regulated cell death caused by irondependent excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides,has recently been linked to lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD).Intracellular antioxidant systems are required for protection against ferroptosis.The purpose of the present studywas to investigate whether and how extracellular system desensitizes LUAD cells to ferroptosis.Methods:Established human lung fibroblasts MRC-5,WI38,and human LUAD H1650,PC9,H1975,H358,A549,and H1299 cell lines,tumor and matched normal adjacent tissues of LUAD,and plasma from healthy individuals and LUAD patients were used in this study.Immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were used to analyze protein expression,and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was used to analyze mRNA expression.Cell viability,cell death,and the lipid reactive oxygen species generationwere measured to evaluate the responses to ferroptosis.Exosomes were observed using transmission electron microscope.The localization of arachidonic acid(AA)was detected using click chemistry labeling followed by confocal microscopy.Interactions between RNAs and proteins were detected using RNA pull-down,RNA immunoprecipitation and photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation methods.Proteomic analysis was used to investigate RNA-regulated proteins,and metabolomic analysis was performed to analyze metabolites.Cellderived xenograft,patient-derived xenograft,cell-implanted intrapulmonary LUAD mouse models and plasma/tissue specimens from LUAD patients were used to validate the molecular mechanism.Results:Plasma exosome from LUAD patients specifically reduced lipid peroxidation and desensitized LUAD cells to ferroptosis.A potential explanation is that exosomal circRNA_101093(cir93)maintained an elevation in intracellular cir93 in LUAD to modulate AA,a poly-unsaturated fatty acid critical for ferroptosisassociated increased peroxidation in the plasma membrane.Mechanistically,cir93 interacted with and increased fatty acid-binding protei
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. NS2018007)
文摘A numerical study on flow control of ship airwake during shipboard landing is carried out to address the effect of flow control devices on helicopter rotor airload. The in-house Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) based solver Rotorcraft AeroDynamics and Aeroacoustics Solver(RADAS), with combination of momentum source approach is employed to conduct the helicopter shipboard landing simulation. The control effects of three aerodynamic modifications of ship superstructure, i.e. ramp, notch and flap, in different Wind-Over-Deck(WOD) conditions are discussed.From the steady simulation results, the effect of spatial variation of ship airwake on rotor airloads is concluded. The aerodynamic modifications reduce the strength of shedding vortex and increase rotor normal force through delaying and relieving flow separation, and therefore are beneficial to alleviate the limitation of control inputs. By contrast, the perturbation of unsteady ship airwake can cause the serious oscillation of rotor forces during shipboard landing. The unsteady simulations show that the turbulence intensity of ship airwake and oscillatory rotor airloading, represented by Root-Mean-Square(RMS) loading, can be remarkably reduced by the ramp and notch modifications, while the flap modification has adverse effect. It means that flow control devices have large potential benefits to alleviate the pilot's workload and improve the shipboard landing safety, but they should be well designed to avoid the introduction of more vortex, which leads to increase in disturbance of flow field.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China, Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of China(No. 2018YFC1315000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 8187102812)Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Nos. 2020PT330001, 2019PT320027, 2019PT320023, 2018RC320010, and 3332019005)
文摘Background: Non-smokers account for a large proportion of lung cancer patients, especially in Asia, but the attention paid to them is limited compared with smokers. In non-smokers, males display a risk for lung cancer incidence distinct from the females-even after excluding the influence of smoking;but the knowledge regarding the factors causing the difference is sparse. Based on a large multicenter prospective cancer screening cohort in China, we aimed to elucidate the interpretable sex differences caused by known factors and provide clues for primary and secondary prevention.Methods: Risk factors including demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, family history of cancer, and baseline comorbidity were obtained from 796,283 Chinese non-smoking participants by the baseline risk assessment completed in 2013 to 2018. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the sex difference in the risk of lung cancer, and the hazard ratios (HRs) that were adjusted for different known factors were calculated and compared to determine the proportion of excess risk and to explain the existing risk factors.Results: With a median follow-up of 4.80 years, 3351 subjects who were diagnosed with lung cancer were selected in the analysis. The lung cancer risk of males was significantly higher than that of females;the HRs in all male non-smokers were 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-1.38) after adjusting for the age and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.50) after adjusting for all factors, which suggested that known factors could not explain the sex difference in the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers. Known factors were 7% (|1.29-1.38|/1.29) more harmful in women than in men. For adenocarcinoma, women showed excess risk higher than men, contrary to squamous cell carcinoma;after adjusting for all factors, 47% ([1.30-1.16]/[1.30-1]) and 4% ([7.02-6.75]/[7.02-1])) of the excess risk was explainable in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The main causes of gender differences in lung cancer risk were lifestyle factors, baseline
基金supported by the National Natural Science Youth Science Foundation of China(No.42007330)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment(China)(No.ES202124)the Academic New Talent Enhancement Program B of Hefei University of Technology(China)(No.JZ2021HGTB0112)。
文摘The pollution of antibiotics in aquatic environments has received extensive attention.Yet,research on antibiotic contamination in river-lake systems,a significant form of modern aquatic environments,still needs to be explored.This study focuses on the Chaohu Basin(China)investigating the occurrence characteristics,influencing factors,and risk assessments of antibiotics in the river-lake system.The total antibiotic concentrations in the water phase and sediment phase were 3.14–1887.49 ng/L and 0.92–1553.75 ng/g,respectively.Clindamycin was the predominant antibiotic in the water phase,whereas tetracycline prevailed in the sediment phase.Notable differences in concentration and structural composition of antibiotics between the tributaries(river system)and Chaohu Lake were observed,indicating the involvement of various geochemical processes in the attenuation of antibiotics during transport to the receiving lake.Spatial analysis suggested that the western river is the primary source of antibiotics in Chaohu Lake.Controlling nutrient influx in heavily polluted areas is crucial to addressing the escalating issue of antibiotic pollution in the river-lake system.The widespread occurrence of clindamycin in the waters is likely due to wastewater treatment plant discharges,and high-intensity human activities continue to exacerbate antibiotic contamination.Risk assessment indicated that sulfamethoxazole,tetracycline,lincomycin,and clindamycin ranked in the top four with the highest risks to the most sensitive aquatic organisms.Nonetheless,the antibiotics presented no risk to consumer health.This study provides valuable insights for controlling antibiotic pollution in riverlake systems.
文摘A complete spinal cord injury model was established in experimental rabbits using the spinal cord clip compression method. Urodynamic examination was performed 2 weeks later to determine neurogenic bladder status. The rabbits were treated with anodal block stimulation at sacral anterior roots for 4 weeks. Electrical stimulation of sacral anterior roots improved urodynamic parameters of neurogenic bladder in rabbit models of complete spinal cord injury, effectively promoted urinary function, and relieved urinary retention. Immunohistochemistry results showed that a balance was achieved among expression of muscarinic receptor subunits M2, M3, ATP-gated ion channel P2X3 receptors, and 132-adrenergic receptor, and nerve growth factor expression decreased. These results suggested that long-term sacral anterior root stimulation of anodal block could＇be used to treat neurogenic bladder in a rabbit model of complete spinal cord injury.
文摘[目的]系统评价基于自我同情的护理干预对癌症患者心理健康结局的改善效果.[方法]检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、Science Direct、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊全文数据库及中国生物医学文献服务系统中基于自我同情的护理干预应用于癌症患者的随机对照试验研究方面的文献,检索时限为从建库至2023年8月.由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料、评价文献质量,使用RevMan5.2软件进行Meta分析.[结果]共计纳入11项研究,包含698例研究对象.Meta分析结果显示,基于自我同情的护理干预可显著提高癌症患者的正念(SMD=0.66,95%CI[0.36,0.96],P<0.001)和自我同情水平(SMD=0.55,95%CI[0.39,0.71],P<0.001),明显缓解焦虑情绪(SMD=-0.53,95%CI[-1.05,-0.02],P=0.04)和抑郁情绪(SMD=-0.26,95%CI[-0.43,-0.09],P=0.003).[结论]基于自我同情的护理干预可有效提高癌症患者的正念和自我同情水平,并缓解焦虑与抑郁情绪.
