孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患病率不断攀升,且预后差,致残率高,给家庭和社会带来巨大的经济负担,已成为全世界备受关注的疾病之一。目前该病病因尚不明确,治疗主要为教育训练。由于缺乏针对性强的精准治疗方法,治疗效果差强人意。近年来的数...孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患病率不断攀升,且预后差,致残率高,给家庭和社会带来巨大的经济负担,已成为全世界备受关注的疾病之一。目前该病病因尚不明确,治疗主要为教育训练。由于缺乏针对性强的精准治疗方法,治疗效果差强人意。近年来的数项研究证实,与典型发育的对照组(typical development children)相比,ASD患者肠道微生物有改变,存在肠道菌群失调,9%~91%的ASD患儿有胃肠道疾病症状,约半数伴有腹泻或便秘。若干研究证实了益生菌通过改善肠道菌群治疗ASD的疗效,益生菌既可缓解其胃肠道症状,也可改善部分行为问题,我们将就ASD的病因和发病机制以及目前ASD治疗方面的进展进行综述。展开更多
Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting...Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings.In this study,a variation of progenitor masses and explosion models are assumed to predict neutrino fluxes and spectra,which result in the number of expected neutrino events ranging from 6.6 to 13.7 at a distance of 10 kpc over a 10-s duration with negligible backgrounds at PandaX-4T.Two specialized triggering alarms for monitoring supernova burst neutrinos are built.The efficiency of detecting supernova explosions at various distances in the Milky Way is estimated.These alarms will be implemented in the real-time supernova monitoring system at PandaX-4T in the near future,which will provide supernova early warnings for the astronomical community.展开更多
Two-photon imaging has attracted increasing attention owing to its deep tissue imaging capabilities.Therefore,many fluorophores have been developed to satisfy its requirements.However,long-wavelength emission fluoroph...Two-photon imaging has attracted increasing attention owing to its deep tissue imaging capabilities.Therefore,many fluorophores have been developed to satisfy its requirements.However,long-wavelength emission fluorophores with an optically tunable group are rarely developed.In this study,two longwavelength emission fluorophores with an optically tunable amino group were successfully developed by introducing strong electron acceptor and large conjugated group to the TPQL dye.TPCO_(2)displayed a bright red emission(λem=638 nm,Φ=0.15)together with high two-photon action cross section and good water solubility,which enabled higher signal-to-background ratios and deep tissue imaging.The proof-of-concept probe(TPCO-NO_(2))was successfully applied to the high signal-to-background ratio imaging of nitroreductase in liver fibrosis,further realizing diagnosis of the degree of hypoxia during liver fibrosis.展开更多
Frequent price manipulation in the Bitcoin market will lead to market risk and seriously disrupt the financial order,but there is less research on its regulation.We address the Bitcoin price manipulation problem by bu...Frequent price manipulation in the Bitcoin market will lead to market risk and seriously disrupt the financial order,but there is less research on its regulation.We address the Bitcoin price manipulation problem by building a regulatory game model.First,we study the price manipulation mechanism of the Bitcoin market based on behavioral finance and clarify the boundary conditions.Second,we introduce regulator constraints and establish a game model between the manipulator and the regulator.Further,through variable deconstruction,parameter verification,and simulation analysis,we explore how to achieve effective regulation of Bitcoin price manipulation.We find that the effective regulation of Bitcoin price manipulation can be achieved in three ways:(1)Adjust the penalty coefficient with a certain lower threshold so that the manipulator’s expected return is negative;(2)Set the lowest possible price fluctuation standard while ensuring that it does not interfere with market-based transactions;(3)The simulation of price manipulation regulation is optimized and most efficiently controlled when the probability of investigation is dynamically adjusted by a concave function on the price fluctuation standard.展开更多
Rapid economic development and industrialization have left many risk sites around the world with significant or potential soil contamination due to industrial production or the shutdown or relocation of industrial fac...Rapid economic development and industrialization have left many risk sites around the world with significant or potential soil contamination due to industrial production or the shutdown or relocation of industrial facilities.Soil pollutants pose significant threats to human health,especially at sites used by the chemical,mining,and metalworking industries,among others[1].展开更多
文摘孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患病率不断攀升,且预后差,致残率高,给家庭和社会带来巨大的经济负担,已成为全世界备受关注的疾病之一。目前该病病因尚不明确,治疗主要为教育训练。由于缺乏针对性强的精准治疗方法,治疗效果差强人意。近年来的数项研究证实,与典型发育的对照组(typical development children)相比,ASD患者肠道微生物有改变,存在肠道菌群失调,9%~91%的ASD患儿有胃肠道疾病症状,约半数伴有腹泻或便秘。若干研究证实了益生菌通过改善肠道菌群治疗ASD的疗效,益生菌既可缓解其胃肠道症状,也可改善部分行为问题,我们将就ASD的病因和发病机制以及目前ASD治疗方面的进展进行综述。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12090060,12090063,12105052,12005131,11905128,11925502)the Office of Science and Technology,Shanghai Municipal Government,China(22JC1410100)。
文摘Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings.In this study,a variation of progenitor masses and explosion models are assumed to predict neutrino fluxes and spectra,which result in the number of expected neutrino events ranging from 6.6 to 13.7 at a distance of 10 kpc over a 10-s duration with negligible backgrounds at PandaX-4T.Two specialized triggering alarms for monitoring supernova burst neutrinos are built.The efficiency of detecting supernova explosions at various distances in the Milky Way is estimated.These alarms will be implemented in the real-time supernova monitoring system at PandaX-4T in the near future,which will provide supernova early warnings for the astronomical community.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22074036,22004033,21877029)Special Funds for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province(No.2019RS1031)。
文摘Two-photon imaging has attracted increasing attention owing to its deep tissue imaging capabilities.Therefore,many fluorophores have been developed to satisfy its requirements.However,long-wavelength emission fluorophores with an optically tunable group are rarely developed.In this study,two longwavelength emission fluorophores with an optically tunable amino group were successfully developed by introducing strong electron acceptor and large conjugated group to the TPQL dye.TPCO_(2)displayed a bright red emission(λem=638 nm,Φ=0.15)together with high two-photon action cross section and good water solubility,which enabled higher signal-to-background ratios and deep tissue imaging.The proof-of-concept probe(TPCO-NO_(2))was successfully applied to the high signal-to-background ratio imaging of nitroreductase in liver fibrosis,further realizing diagnosis of the degree of hypoxia during liver fibrosis.
基金the National Science Foundation of China(No.61602536)Emerging Interdisciplinary Project of Central University of Finance and Economics(CUFE)Financial Sustainable Development Research Team.
文摘Frequent price manipulation in the Bitcoin market will lead to market risk and seriously disrupt the financial order,but there is less research on its regulation.We address the Bitcoin price manipulation problem by building a regulatory game model.First,we study the price manipulation mechanism of the Bitcoin market based on behavioral finance and clarify the boundary conditions.Second,we introduce regulator constraints and establish a game model between the manipulator and the regulator.Further,through variable deconstruction,parameter verification,and simulation analysis,we explore how to achieve effective regulation of Bitcoin price manipulation.We find that the effective regulation of Bitcoin price manipulation can be achieved in three ways:(1)Adjust the penalty coefficient with a certain lower threshold so that the manipulator’s expected return is negative;(2)Set the lowest possible price fluctuation standard while ensuring that it does not interfere with market-based transactions;(3)The simulation of price manipulation regulation is optimized and most efficiently controlled when the probability of investigation is dynamically adjusted by a concave function on the price fluctuation standard.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2019YFC1804500).
文摘Rapid economic development and industrialization have left many risk sites around the world with significant or potential soil contamination due to industrial production or the shutdown or relocation of industrial facilities.Soil pollutants pose significant threats to human health,especially at sites used by the chemical,mining,and metalworking industries,among others[1].
