Carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technologies play an essential role in achieving Net Zero Emissions targets.Considering the lack of timely reviews on the recent advancements in promising CCUS technologies,...Carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technologies play an essential role in achieving Net Zero Emissions targets.Considering the lack of timely reviews on the recent advancements in promising CCUS technologies,it is crucial to provide a prompt review of the CCUS advances to understand the current research gaps pertained to its industrial application.To that end,this review first summarized the developmental history of CCUS technologies and the current large-scale demonstrations.Then,based on a visually bibliometric analysis,the carbon capture remains a hotspot in the CCUS development.Noting that the materials applied in the carbon capture process determines its performance.As a result,the state-of-the-art carbon capture materials and emerging capture technologies were comprehensively summarized and discussed.Gaps between state-of-art carbon capture process and its ideal counterpart are analyzed,and insights into the research needs such as material design,process optimization,environmental impact,and technical and economic assessments are provided.展开更多
Female-to-male sex reversals(pseudomales)are common in lower vertebrates and have been found in natural populations,which is a concern under rapid changes in environmental conditions.Pseudomales can exhibit altered sp...Female-to-male sex reversals(pseudomales)are common in lower vertebrates and have been found in natural populations,which is a concern under rapid changes in environmental conditions.Pseudomales can exhibit altered spermatogenesis.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying pseudomale spermatogenesis remain unclear.Here,we characterized spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis),a species with genetic and environmental sex determination,based on a highresolution single-cell RNA-seq atlas of cells derived from the testes of genotypic males and pseudomales.We identified five germ cell types and six somatic cell types and obtained a single-cell atlas of dynamic changes in gene expression during spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole,including alterations in pseudomales.We detected decreased levels of Ca^(2+)signaling pathway-related genes in spermatogonia,insufficient meiotic initiation in spermatocytes,and a malfunction of somatic niche cells in pseudomales.However,a cluster of CaSR genes and MAPK signaling factors were upregulated in undifferentiated spermatogonia of pseudomales.Additionally,we revealed that Z chromosome-specific genes,such as piwil2,dhx37,and ehmt1,were important for spermatogenesis.These results improve our understanding of reproduction after female-to-male sex-reversal and provide new insights into the adaptability of reproductive strategies in lower vertebrates.展开更多
Near-infrared (NIR) transparent optical filters show great promise in night vision and receiving windows. However, NIR optical filters are generally prepared by laborious, environmentally unfriendly processes that inv...Near-infrared (NIR) transparent optical filters show great promise in night vision and receiving windows. However, NIR optical filters are generally prepared by laborious, environmentally unfriendly processes that involve metal oxides or petroleum-based polymers. We propose a lignin capturing–fusing approach to manufacturing optical biofilters based on molecular collaboration between lignin and cellulose from waste agricultural biomass. In this process, lignin is captured via self-assembly in a cellulose network;then, the lignin is fused to fill gaps and hold the cellulose fibers tightly. The resulting optical biofilter featured a dense structure and smooth surface with NIR transmittance of ~90%, ultralow haze of close to 0%, strong ultraviolet-visible light blocking (~100% at 400 nm and 57.58% to 98.59% at 550 nm). Further, the optical biofilter has comprehensive stability, including water stability, solvent stability, thermal stability, and environmental stability. Because of its unique properties, the optical biofilter demonstrates potential applications in the NIR region, such as an NIR-transmitting window, NIR night vision, and privacy protection. These applications represent a promising route to produce NIR transparent optical filters starting from lignocellulose biomass waste.展开更多
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) participate in the rapid inhibition and clearance of pathogens during infection;however, the molecular regulation of NET formation remains poorly understood. In the current study,...Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) participate in the rapid inhibition and clearance of pathogens during infection;however, the molecular regulation of NET formation remains poorly understood. In the current study, we found that inhibition of the wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) significantly suppressed the activity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and accelerated abscess healing in S. aureus-induced abscess model mice by enhancing NET formation. A Wip1 inhibitor significantly enhanced NET formation in mouse and human neutrophils in vitro. High-resolution mass spectrometry and biochemical assays demonstrated that Coro1a is a substrate of Wip1. Further experiments also revealed that Wip1 preferentially and directly interacts with phosphorylated Coro1a than compared to unphosphorylated inactivated Coro1a. The phosphorylated Ser426 site of Coro1a and the 28–90 aa domain of Wip1 are essential for the direct interaction of Coro1a and Wip1 and for Wip1 dephosphorylation of p-Coro1a Ser426. Wip1 deletion or inhibition in neutrophils significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of Coro1a-Ser426, which activated phospholipase C and subsequently the calcium pathway, the latter of which promoted NET formation after infection or lipopolysaccharide stimulation. This study revealed Coro1a to be a novel substrate of Wip1 and showed that Wip1 is a negative regulator of NET formation during infection. These results support the potential application of Wip1 inhibitors to treat bacterial infections.展开更多
检查开关柜中有无异物以确保设备安全运行是配网建设的基本任务。针对开关柜中背景复杂且目标遮挡严重的问题,文章提出一种融合空间信息的多尺度残差卷积检测算法。首先,利用多尺度残差卷积,降低目标遮挡导致特征提取不全的影响,再设置...检查开关柜中有无异物以确保设备安全运行是配网建设的基本任务。针对开关柜中背景复杂且目标遮挡严重的问题,文章提出一种融合空间信息的多尺度残差卷积检测算法。首先,利用多尺度残差卷积,降低目标遮挡导致特征提取不全的影响,再设置残差连接解决过拟合问题;然后,在深层特征图间增加改进的注意力机制,降低网络过深导致细节信息丢失影响,提高检测效果。最后,搭建自制开关柜异物数据集实验平台,实验结果表明,改进模型检测速度下降11FPS(frames per second),为72FPS,平均精度AP50为91.26%,AP@50:5:95为76.04%,分别提高2.59%和3.69%。并在输电线路异物与缺陷绝缘子数据集验证普适性算法,实验结果表明,改进模型检测精度均高于原始模型。展开更多
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LDT23E0601)the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(China)(No.2022C03146)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20677 and 22022610)the National Funded Postdoctoral Researcher Program of China(No.GZC20232363).
文摘Carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technologies play an essential role in achieving Net Zero Emissions targets.Considering the lack of timely reviews on the recent advancements in promising CCUS technologies,it is crucial to provide a prompt review of the CCUS advances to understand the current research gaps pertained to its industrial application.To that end,this review first summarized the developmental history of CCUS technologies and the current large-scale demonstrations.Then,based on a visually bibliometric analysis,the carbon capture remains a hotspot in the CCUS development.Noting that the materials applied in the carbon capture process determines its performance.As a result,the state-of-the-art carbon capture materials and emerging capture technologies were comprehensively summarized and discussed.Gaps between state-of-art carbon capture process and its ideal counterpart are analyzed,and insights into the research needs such as material design,process optimization,environmental impact,and technical and economic assessments are provided.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0900301)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(31722058,31802275,31472269)+4 种基金the AoShan Talents Cultivation Program Supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(2017ASTCP-ES06)the Taishan Scholar Project Fund of Shandong of China to C.S.the National Ten-Thousands Talents Special Support Program to C.S.the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(2020TD19)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-47-G03)。
文摘Female-to-male sex reversals(pseudomales)are common in lower vertebrates and have been found in natural populations,which is a concern under rapid changes in environmental conditions.Pseudomales can exhibit altered spermatogenesis.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying pseudomale spermatogenesis remain unclear.Here,we characterized spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis),a species with genetic and environmental sex determination,based on a highresolution single-cell RNA-seq atlas of cells derived from the testes of genotypic males and pseudomales.We identified five germ cell types and six somatic cell types and obtained a single-cell atlas of dynamic changes in gene expression during spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole,including alterations in pseudomales.We detected decreased levels of Ca^(2+)signaling pathway-related genes in spermatogonia,insufficient meiotic initiation in spermatocytes,and a malfunction of somatic niche cells in pseudomales.However,a cluster of CaSR genes and MAPK signaling factors were upregulated in undifferentiated spermatogonia of pseudomales.Additionally,we revealed that Z chromosome-specific genes,such as piwil2,dhx37,and ehmt1,were important for spermatogenesis.These results improve our understanding of reproduction after female-to-male sex-reversal and provide new insights into the adaptability of reproductive strategies in lower vertebrates.
基金This research was undertaken with funding from Hubei Provincial Universities Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Technological Innovation Team Project (grant no. T201205)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology (grant no. KF201623)+1 种基金C.C. acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 52273091)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant no. 2042022kf1177)' the start-up fund from Wuhan University (grant no. 691000003).
文摘Near-infrared (NIR) transparent optical filters show great promise in night vision and receiving windows. However, NIR optical filters are generally prepared by laborious, environmentally unfriendly processes that involve metal oxides or petroleum-based polymers. We propose a lignin capturing–fusing approach to manufacturing optical biofilters based on molecular collaboration between lignin and cellulose from waste agricultural biomass. In this process, lignin is captured via self-assembly in a cellulose network;then, the lignin is fused to fill gaps and hold the cellulose fibers tightly. The resulting optical biofilter featured a dense structure and smooth surface with NIR transmittance of ~90%, ultralow haze of close to 0%, strong ultraviolet-visible light blocking (~100% at 400 nm and 57.58% to 98.59% at 550 nm). Further, the optical biofilter has comprehensive stability, including water stability, solvent stability, thermal stability, and environmental stability. Because of its unique properties, the optical biofilter demonstrates potential applications in the NIR region, such as an NIR-transmitting window, NIR night vision, and privacy protection. These applications represent a promising route to produce NIR transparent optical filters starting from lignocellulose biomass waste.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation for General and Key Programs(31930041,YZ)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0105002,2017YFA0104401,2017YFA0104402,YZ)+1 种基金the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA16030301,YZ)the Doctoral Research Foundation Project of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University(gyfybsky-2022-1,WZ)。
文摘Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) participate in the rapid inhibition and clearance of pathogens during infection;however, the molecular regulation of NET formation remains poorly understood. In the current study, we found that inhibition of the wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) significantly suppressed the activity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and accelerated abscess healing in S. aureus-induced abscess model mice by enhancing NET formation. A Wip1 inhibitor significantly enhanced NET formation in mouse and human neutrophils in vitro. High-resolution mass spectrometry and biochemical assays demonstrated that Coro1a is a substrate of Wip1. Further experiments also revealed that Wip1 preferentially and directly interacts with phosphorylated Coro1a than compared to unphosphorylated inactivated Coro1a. The phosphorylated Ser426 site of Coro1a and the 28–90 aa domain of Wip1 are essential for the direct interaction of Coro1a and Wip1 and for Wip1 dephosphorylation of p-Coro1a Ser426. Wip1 deletion or inhibition in neutrophils significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of Coro1a-Ser426, which activated phospholipase C and subsequently the calcium pathway, the latter of which promoted NET formation after infection or lipopolysaccharide stimulation. This study revealed Coro1a to be a novel substrate of Wip1 and showed that Wip1 is a negative regulator of NET formation during infection. These results support the potential application of Wip1 inhibitors to treat bacterial infections.
文摘检查开关柜中有无异物以确保设备安全运行是配网建设的基本任务。针对开关柜中背景复杂且目标遮挡严重的问题,文章提出一种融合空间信息的多尺度残差卷积检测算法。首先,利用多尺度残差卷积,降低目标遮挡导致特征提取不全的影响,再设置残差连接解决过拟合问题;然后,在深层特征图间增加改进的注意力机制,降低网络过深导致细节信息丢失影响,提高检测效果。最后,搭建自制开关柜异物数据集实验平台,实验结果表明,改进模型检测速度下降11FPS(frames per second),为72FPS,平均精度AP50为91.26%,AP@50:5:95为76.04%,分别提高2.59%和3.69%。并在输电线路异物与缺陷绝缘子数据集验证普适性算法,实验结果表明,改进模型检测精度均高于原始模型。
