Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),encompassing diverse pathologies such as atherosclerosis,hypertension,cardiomyopathy,arrhythmia,and valvular diseases,represent a significant public health challenge,severely undermining ...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),encompassing diverse pathologies such as atherosclerosis,hypertension,cardiomyopathy,arrhythmia,and valvular diseases,represent a significant public health challenge,severely undermining human health[1].According to the World Health Organization,CVDs claimed approximately 17.9 million deaths in 2019,representing 32%of all global deaths[2,3].The risk of CVDs morbidity and mortality increases with age,with the majority of CVDs and deaths occurring in elderly aged 75 years and older[4,5].In developed nations,CVDs are the principal cause of mortality,while in developing countries,they are a leading cause of death as well.展开更多
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers without effective therapy. To explore potential molecular targets in ESCC, we quantified the mutation spectrum and explored t...Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers without effective therapy. To explore potential molecular targets in ESCC, we quantified the mutation spectrum and explored the relationship between gene mutation and clinicopathological characteristics and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression.Methods: Between 2015 and 2019, 29 surgically resected ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing. The expression levels of PD-L1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Mutational signatures were extracted from the mutation count matrix by using non-negative matrix factorization. The relationship between detected genomic alterations and clinicopathological characteristics and PD-L1 expression was estimated by Spearman rank correlation analysis.Results: The most frequently mutated gene wasTP53 (96.6%, 28/29), followed byNOTCH1 (27.6%, 8/29),EP300 (17.2%, 5/29), andKMT2C (17.2%, 5/29). The most frequently copy number amplified and deleted genes wereCCND1/FGF3/FGF4/FGF19 (41.4%, 12/29) andCDKN2A/2B (10.3%, 3/29). By quantifying the contribution of the mutational signatures to the mutation spectrum, we found that the contribution of signature 1, signature 2, signature 10, signature 12, signature 13, and signature 17 was relatively high. Further analysis revealed genetic variants associated with cell cycle, chromatin modification, Notch, and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways, which may be key pathways in the development and progression of ESCC. Evaluation of PD-L1 expression in samples showed that 13.8% (4/29) of samples had tumor proportion score ≥1%. 17.2% (5/29) of patients had tumor mutation burden (TMB) above 10 mut/Mb. All samples exhibited microsatellite stability. TMB was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.468,P = 0.010), but not significantly associated with PD-L1 expression (r = 0.246,P = 0.198).展开更多
Superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamics(QED)architecture composed of superconducting qubit and resonator is a powerful platform for exploring quantum physics and quantum information processing.By employing tec...Superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamics(QED)architecture composed of superconducting qubit and resonator is a powerful platform for exploring quantum physics and quantum information processing.By employing techniques developed for superconducting quantum computing,we experimentally investigate phase-sensitive Landau-Zener-Stückelberg(LZS)interference phenomena in a circuit QED.Our experiments cover an extensive range of LZS transition parameters and demonstrate the LZS induced Rabi-like oscillation as well as phase-dependent steady-state population.展开更多
Polycrystalline gallium nitride(GaN) thin films were deposited on Si(100) substrates via plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition(PEALD) under optimal deposition parameters. In this work, we focus on the research of th...Polycrystalline gallium nitride(GaN) thin films were deposited on Si(100) substrates via plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition(PEALD) under optimal deposition parameters. In this work, we focus on the research of the GaN/Si(100)interfacial properties. The x-ray reflectivity measurements show the clearly-resolved fringes for all the as-grown GaN films, which reveals a perfectly smooth interface between the GaN film and Si(100), and this feature of sharp interface is further confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM). However, an amorphous interfacial layer(~ 2 nm) can be observed from the HRTEM images, and is determined to be mixture of Ga_xO_y and GaN by xray photoelectron spectroscopy. To investigate the effect of this interlayer on the GaN growth, an AlN buffer layer was employed for GaN deposition. No interlayer is observed between GaN and AlN, and GaN shows better crystallization and lower oxygen impurity during the initial growth stage than the GaN with an interlayer.展开更多
In this work,the GaN thin films were directly deposited on multilayer graphene(MLG)by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition.The deposition was carried out at a low temperature using triethylgallium(TEGa)precursor an...In this work,the GaN thin films were directly deposited on multilayer graphene(MLG)by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition.The deposition was carried out at a low temperature using triethylgallium(TEGa)precursor and Ar/N2/H2 plasma.Chemical properties of the bulk GaN and GaN-graphene interface were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The sharp interface between GaN and graphene was verified via X-ray reflectivity and transmission electron microscope.The microstructures and the nucleation behaviors of the GaN grown on graphene have been also studied.The results of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrum indicate that the as-deposited sample is polycrystalline with wurtzite structure and has a weakly tensile stress.Optical properties of the sample were investigated by photoluminescence(PL)at room temperature.The successful growth of GaN on MLG at a low temperature opens up the possibility of ameliorating the performance of electronic and optical devices based on GaN/graphene heterojunction.展开更多
Background:Information on the prevalence and resistance spectrum of nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)in China is mainly based on regional or local data.To estimate the proportion of NTM cases in China,a national survey...Background:Information on the prevalence and resistance spectrum of nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)in China is mainly based on regional or local data.To estimate the proportion of NTM cases in China,a national survey of NTM pulmonary disease was carried out based on acid-fast positive sputum samples collected in 2013.展开更多
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),encompassing diverse pathologies such as atherosclerosis,hypertension,cardiomyopathy,arrhythmia,and valvular diseases,represent a significant public health challenge,severely undermining human health[1].According to the World Health Organization,CVDs claimed approximately 17.9 million deaths in 2019,representing 32%of all global deaths[2,3].The risk of CVDs morbidity and mortality increases with age,with the majority of CVDs and deaths occurring in elderly aged 75 years and older[4,5].In developed nations,CVDs are the principal cause of mortality,while in developing countries,they are a leading cause of death as well.
文摘Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers without effective therapy. To explore potential molecular targets in ESCC, we quantified the mutation spectrum and explored the relationship between gene mutation and clinicopathological characteristics and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression.Methods: Between 2015 and 2019, 29 surgically resected ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were subjected to targeted next-generation sequencing. The expression levels of PD-L1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Mutational signatures were extracted from the mutation count matrix by using non-negative matrix factorization. The relationship between detected genomic alterations and clinicopathological characteristics and PD-L1 expression was estimated by Spearman rank correlation analysis.Results: The most frequently mutated gene wasTP53 (96.6%, 28/29), followed byNOTCH1 (27.6%, 8/29),EP300 (17.2%, 5/29), andKMT2C (17.2%, 5/29). The most frequently copy number amplified and deleted genes wereCCND1/FGF3/FGF4/FGF19 (41.4%, 12/29) andCDKN2A/2B (10.3%, 3/29). By quantifying the contribution of the mutational signatures to the mutation spectrum, we found that the contribution of signature 1, signature 2, signature 10, signature 12, signature 13, and signature 17 was relatively high. Further analysis revealed genetic variants associated with cell cycle, chromatin modification, Notch, and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways, which may be key pathways in the development and progression of ESCC. Evaluation of PD-L1 expression in samples showed that 13.8% (4/29) of samples had tumor proportion score ≥1%. 17.2% (5/29) of patients had tumor mutation burden (TMB) above 10 mut/Mb. All samples exhibited microsatellite stability. TMB was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.468,P = 0.010), but not significantly associated with PD-L1 expression (r = 0.246,P = 0.198).
基金Project supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2018B030326001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1801661,11874065,and Youth Project No.11904158)+2 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory(Grant No.2019B121203002)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.2018JJ1031)the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(Grant Nos.JCYJ20170412152620376 and YTDPT20181011104202253)。
文摘Superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamics(QED)architecture composed of superconducting qubit and resonator is a powerful platform for exploring quantum physics and quantum information processing.By employing techniques developed for superconducting quantum computing,we experimentally investigate phase-sensitive Landau-Zener-Stückelberg(LZS)interference phenomena in a circuit QED.Our experiments cover an extensive range of LZS transition parameters and demonstrate the LZS induced Rabi-like oscillation as well as phase-dependent steady-state population.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.FRF-BR-16-018A,FRF-TP-17-022A1,and FRF-TP-17-069A1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61274134 and 51402064)+4 种基金USTB Start-up Program(Grant No.06105033)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2018M631333)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2184112 and 4173077)Beijing Innovation and Research Base Fund(Grant No.Z161100005016095)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2015387)
文摘Polycrystalline gallium nitride(GaN) thin films were deposited on Si(100) substrates via plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition(PEALD) under optimal deposition parameters. In this work, we focus on the research of the GaN/Si(100)interfacial properties. The x-ray reflectivity measurements show the clearly-resolved fringes for all the as-grown GaN films, which reveals a perfectly smooth interface between the GaN film and Si(100), and this feature of sharp interface is further confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM). However, an amorphous interfacial layer(~ 2 nm) can be observed from the HRTEM images, and is determined to be mixture of Ga_xO_y and GaN by xray photoelectron spectroscopy. To investigate the effect of this interlayer on the GaN growth, an AlN buffer layer was employed for GaN deposition. No interlayer is observed between GaN and AlN, and GaN shows better crystallization and lower oxygen impurity during the initial growth stage than the GaN with an interlayer.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.110751402347)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Nos.4173077 and 2184112)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (Nos.FRF-BR-16-018A,FRF-TP-17-022A1,FRF-TP-17-069A1 and 06400071)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2018M631333)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.2015387)
文摘In this work,the GaN thin films were directly deposited on multilayer graphene(MLG)by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition.The deposition was carried out at a low temperature using triethylgallium(TEGa)precursor and Ar/N2/H2 plasma.Chemical properties of the bulk GaN and GaN-graphene interface were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The sharp interface between GaN and graphene was verified via X-ray reflectivity and transmission electron microscope.The microstructures and the nucleation behaviors of the GaN grown on graphene have been also studied.The results of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrum indicate that the as-deposited sample is polycrystalline with wurtzite structure and has a weakly tensile stress.Optical properties of the sample were investigated by photoluminescence(PL)at room temperature.The successful growth of GaN on MLG at a low temperature opens up the possibility of ameliorating the performance of electronic and optical devices based on GaN/graphene heterojunction.
文摘Background:Information on the prevalence and resistance spectrum of nontuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)in China is mainly based on regional or local data.To estimate the proportion of NTM cases in China,a national survey of NTM pulmonary disease was carried out based on acid-fast positive sputum samples collected in 2013.
