Background： The radiochemotherapy regimen concomitantly employing temozolomide （TMZ） chemotherapy and radiotherapy （RT） 4 weeks after surgery, followed by 6 cycles of TMZ is a common treatment for glioblastoma （...Background： The radiochemotherapy regimen concomitantly employing temozolomide （TMZ） chemotherapy and radiotherapy （RT） 4 weeks after surgery, followed by 6 cycles of TMZ is a common treatment for glioblastoma （GBM）. However, its median overall survival （OS） is only 14.6 months. This study was to explore the effectiveness and safety of early TMZ chemotherapy between surgery and chemoradiotherapy plus the standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen. Methods： A randomized, parallel group, open-label study of 99 newly diagnosed GBM patients was conducted at 10 independent Chinese neurosurgical departments from June 2008 to June 2012. Patients were treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen plus early postsurgical temozolomide （early TMZ group） or standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen （control group）. Overall response was assessed based on objective tumor assessments, administration ofcorticosteroid and neurological status test. Hematological, biochemical, laboratory, adverse event （AE）, and neurological condition were measured for 24 months of tbllow-up. The primary efficacy endpoint of this study was overall survival （OS）. The secondary endpoint was progression free survival （PFS）. Results： The median OS time in the early TMZ group was 17.6 months, compared with 13.2 months in the control group （log-rank test P 0.021 ）. In addition, the OS rate in the early TMZ group was higher at 6, 12, and 18 months than in the control group, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. The median PFS time was 8.7 months in the early TMZ group and 10.4 months in the control group （log-rank test P = 0.695）. AEs occurred in 29 （55.8%） and 31（73.8%） patients respectively in early and control groups, including nausea （15.4% vs. 33.3%）, vomiting （7.7% vs. 28.6%）, fever （7.7% vs. 11.9%）, and headache （3.8% vs. 23.8%）. Only 30.8% and 33.3% were drug-related, respectively. Conclusions： Addition of TMZ chemotherapy in the early break of the standard concomi展开更多
Background:The current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.In China,breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment m...Background:The current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.In China,breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment method:inflammatory masses,adenosis,benign tumors,and malignant tumors.These categorizations are important for guiding clinical treatment.In this study,we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network(CNN)for classification of these four breast mass types using ultrasound(US)images.Methods:Taking breast biopsy or pathological examinations as the reference standard,CNNs were used to establish models for the four-way classification of 3623 breast cancer patients from 13 centers.The patients were randomly divided into training and test groups(n=1810 vs.n=1813).Separate models were created for two-dimensional(2D)images only,2D and color Doppler flow imaging(2D-CDFI),and 2D-CDFI and pulsed wave Doppler(2D-CDFI-PW)images.The performance of these three models was compared using sensitivity,specificity,area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),positive(PPV)and negative predictive values(NPV),positive(LR+)and negative likelihood ratios(LR-),and the performance of the 2D model was further compared between masses of different sizes with above statistical indicators,between images from different hospitals with AUC,and with the performance of 37 radiologists.Results:The accuracies of the 2D,2D-CDFI,and 2D-CDFI-PW models on the test set were 87.9%,89.2%,and 88.7%,respectively.The AUCs for classification of benign tumors,malignant tumors,inflammatory masses,and adenosis were 0.90,0.91,0.90,and 0.89,respectively(95%confidence intervals[CIs],0.87-0.91,0.89-0.92,0.87-0.91,and 0.86-0.90).The 2D-CDFI model showed better accuracy(89.2%)on the test set than the 2D(87.9%)and 2D-CDFI-PW(88.7%)models.The 2D model showed accuracy of 81.7%on breast masses≤1 cm and 82.3%on breast masses>1 cm;there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.001).The accuracy of the CNN classifications for the test s展开更多
Lithium batteries have always played a key role in the field of new energy sources.However,non-controllable lithium dendrites and volume dilatation of metallic lithium in batteries with lithium metal as anodes have li...Lithium batteries have always played a key role in the field of new energy sources.However,non-controllable lithium dendrites and volume dilatation of metallic lithium in batteries with lithium metal as anodes have limited their development.Recently,a large number of studies have shown that the electrochemical performances of lithium batteries can be enhanced through the regulation of external physical fields.Especially,it significantly hinders the growth of lithium dendrites and promoting the reaction kinetics.This review summarizes recent innovations in the investigation of various physical fields of lithium batteries.The application of magnetic field in the synthesis of lithium battery electrode materials is introduced.The influence factors and regulation mechanism of various physical fields on the electrochemical performance of lithium batteries are reviewed emphatically.In addition,the current research status and existing challenges,along with future directions for the evolution of lithium batteries,are minutely discussed and prospected.New strategies for the further evolution of lithium batteries have also been provided.展开更多
A new class of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohols has been designed as competent three-carbon building blocks and achieved their applica-tion in 2-indolylmethanol-involved regioselective(3+3)cycloadditions under the catalysis o...A new class of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohols has been designed as competent three-carbon building blocks and achieved their applica-tion in 2-indolylmethanol-involved regioselective(3+3)cycloadditions under the catalysis of Br?nsted acids.By this appoach,a series of indole-fused six-membered cycloadducts have been synthesized in overall good yields(up to 98%)with excellent regioselectivity(all>95:5 rr),thus affording a powerful method for the construction of indole-fused six-membered rings.Moreover,a catalytic asymmetric version of this(3+3)cycloaddition has been preliminarily investigated,which revealed the potential of the reaction for constructing chiral indole-fused six-membered rings in an enantioselective manner.This work not only has accomplished the first design of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohols as competent reactants,but also represents the first application of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohols as three-carbon building blocks in cycloadditions.In addition,this work provides a good example for regioselective and C3-nucleophilic(3+3)cycloadditions of 2-indolylmethanols,which will substantially enrich the chemistry of 2-indolylmethanols.展开更多
Progressive delamination driven by Li-ion diffusion in elastic disk-like thin film electrodes of Li-ion batteries is modeled based on the cohesive model. Axisymmetric diffusion model is considered under both galvanost...Progressive delamination driven by Li-ion diffusion in elastic disk-like thin film electrodes of Li-ion batteries is modeled based on the cohesive model. Axisymmetric diffusion model is considered under both galvanostatic and potentiostatic operations. The effect of edge diffusion on the delamination process is evaluated. It is found that the diffusion from edge leads to an earlier delamination initiation. The edge effect is significant for active disks with a small aspect ratio, but negligible for the case of large aspect ratio. The edge diffusion is weaker in the potentiostatic operation than in the galvanostatic operation.展开更多
The self-corrosion, electrochemical and discharge behavior of commercial purity Al anode via Mn modification in Al-air battery was studied by the hydrogen evolution, weight loss, electrical conductivity, electrochemic...The self-corrosion, electrochemical and discharge behavior of commercial purity Al anode via Mn modification in Al-air battery was studied by the hydrogen evolution, weight loss, electrical conductivity, electrochemical and discharge tests. Results show that the synergetic effects of the dissolved Mn and Mn-modifying Al_(3)Fe intermetallic decrease the weight loss and inhibit the hydrogen evolution of commercial purity Al in Na OH solution when minor Mn is introduced. However, more Mn addition leads to the formation of Al_6Mn intermetallic,which has little effect on the weight loss, but accelerates the hydrogen evolution. Mn introduction plays a positive role in activating Al anodes, resulting in a decrease in the anodic polarization and an increase in the discharge voltage. Among all the commercial purity Al-x Mn anodes, 0.1 wt% Mn addition exhibits the best discharge efficiency for Al-air battery.展开更多
文摘Background： The radiochemotherapy regimen concomitantly employing temozolomide （TMZ） chemotherapy and radiotherapy （RT） 4 weeks after surgery, followed by 6 cycles of TMZ is a common treatment for glioblastoma （GBM）. However, its median overall survival （OS） is only 14.6 months. This study was to explore the effectiveness and safety of early TMZ chemotherapy between surgery and chemoradiotherapy plus the standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen. Methods： A randomized, parallel group, open-label study of 99 newly diagnosed GBM patients was conducted at 10 independent Chinese neurosurgical departments from June 2008 to June 2012. Patients were treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen plus early postsurgical temozolomide （early TMZ group） or standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen （control group）. Overall response was assessed based on objective tumor assessments, administration ofcorticosteroid and neurological status test. Hematological, biochemical, laboratory, adverse event （AE）, and neurological condition were measured for 24 months of tbllow-up. The primary efficacy endpoint of this study was overall survival （OS）. The secondary endpoint was progression free survival （PFS）. Results： The median OS time in the early TMZ group was 17.6 months, compared with 13.2 months in the control group （log-rank test P 0.021 ）. In addition, the OS rate in the early TMZ group was higher at 6, 12, and 18 months than in the control group, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. The median PFS time was 8.7 months in the early TMZ group and 10.4 months in the control group （log-rank test P = 0.695）. AEs occurred in 29 （55.8%） and 31（73.8%） patients respectively in early and control groups, including nausea （15.4% vs. 33.3%）, vomiting （7.7% vs. 28.6%）, fever （7.7% vs. 11.9%）, and headache （3.8% vs. 23.8%）. Only 30.8% and 33.3% were drug-related, respectively. Conclusions： Addition of TMZ chemotherapy in the early break of the standard concomi
基金This study was supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0104801)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81730050)。
文摘Background:The current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions.In China,breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment method:inflammatory masses,adenosis,benign tumors,and malignant tumors.These categorizations are important for guiding clinical treatment.In this study,we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network(CNN)for classification of these four breast mass types using ultrasound(US)images.Methods:Taking breast biopsy or pathological examinations as the reference standard,CNNs were used to establish models for the four-way classification of 3623 breast cancer patients from 13 centers.The patients were randomly divided into training and test groups(n=1810 vs.n=1813).Separate models were created for two-dimensional(2D)images only,2D and color Doppler flow imaging(2D-CDFI),and 2D-CDFI and pulsed wave Doppler(2D-CDFI-PW)images.The performance of these three models was compared using sensitivity,specificity,area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),positive(PPV)and negative predictive values(NPV),positive(LR+)and negative likelihood ratios(LR-),and the performance of the 2D model was further compared between masses of different sizes with above statistical indicators,between images from different hospitals with AUC,and with the performance of 37 radiologists.Results:The accuracies of the 2D,2D-CDFI,and 2D-CDFI-PW models on the test set were 87.9%,89.2%,and 88.7%,respectively.The AUCs for classification of benign tumors,malignant tumors,inflammatory masses,and adenosis were 0.90,0.91,0.90,and 0.89,respectively(95%confidence intervals[CIs],0.87-0.91,0.89-0.92,0.87-0.91,and 0.86-0.90).The 2D-CDFI model showed better accuracy(89.2%)on the test set than the 2D(87.9%)and 2D-CDFI-PW(88.7%)models.The 2D model showed accuracy of 81.7%on breast masses≤1 cm and 82.3%on breast masses>1 cm;there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.001).The accuracy of the CNN classifications for the test s
基金supported by Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2030 Initiative,Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality project (No.23JC1410200)Zhangjiang National Innovation Demonstration Zone project (No.ZJ2023-ZD-003)+7 种基金supported by the China-Chile Joint Research Fund under project CCJRF 2205, by FONDECYT grant 1201371the ANID BASAL project FB210003.YZC is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No.12303054)the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (Grant No.202401AU070063)the International Centre of Supernovae,Yunnan Key Laboratory (No.202302AN360001)supported by the NSFC (Grant No.12150009)supported by the NSFC through grants 12173029 and 12233013supported by the NSFC (Grant No.12120101003 and 12233008)supported by the NSFC (Grant No.12233003)
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China(Nos.12172118 and 12172205)the Research Program of Local Science Research Development under the Guidance of Central(No.216Z4402G)+1 种基金Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.JZX2023004)support from"Yuanguang"Scholar Program of Hebei University of Technology。
文摘Lithium batteries have always played a key role in the field of new energy sources.However,non-controllable lithium dendrites and volume dilatation of metallic lithium in batteries with lithium metal as anodes have limited their development.Recently,a large number of studies have shown that the electrochemical performances of lithium batteries can be enhanced through the regulation of external physical fields.Especially,it significantly hinders the growth of lithium dendrites and promoting the reaction kinetics.This review summarizes recent innovations in the investigation of various physical fields of lithium batteries.The application of magnetic field in the synthesis of lithium battery electrode materials is introduced.The influence factors and regulation mechanism of various physical fields on the electrochemical performance of lithium batteries are reviewed emphatically.In addition,the current research status and existing challenges,along with future directions for the evolution of lithium batteries,are minutely discussed and prospected.New strategies for the further evolution of lithium batteries have also been provided.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125104 and 21831007)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210916)+1 种基金the High Education Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.21KJB150009)Undergraduate Students Project of Jiangsu Province(No.202110320019Z).
文摘A new class of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohols has been designed as competent three-carbon building blocks and achieved their applica-tion in 2-indolylmethanol-involved regioselective(3+3)cycloadditions under the catalysis of Br?nsted acids.By this appoach,a series of indole-fused six-membered cycloadducts have been synthesized in overall good yields(up to 98%)with excellent regioselectivity(all>95:5 rr),thus affording a powerful method for the construction of indole-fused six-membered rings.Moreover,a catalytic asymmetric version of this(3+3)cycloaddition has been preliminarily investigated,which revealed the potential of the reaction for constructing chiral indole-fused six-membered rings in an enantioselective manner.This work not only has accomplished the first design of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohols as competent reactants,but also represents the first application of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohols as three-carbon building blocks in cycloadditions.In addition,this work provides a good example for regioselective and C3-nucleophilic(3+3)cycloadditions of 2-indolylmethanols,which will substantially enrich the chemistry of 2-indolylmethanols.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (11102103 and 11172159)the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, China (13ZZ070)+1 种基金the Graduate School of Shanghai University (SHUCX120123)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, China(12ZR1410200)
文摘Progressive delamination driven by Li-ion diffusion in elastic disk-like thin film electrodes of Li-ion batteries is modeled based on the cohesive model. Axisymmetric diffusion model is considered under both galvanostatic and potentiostatic operations. The effect of edge diffusion on the delamination process is evaluated. It is found that the diffusion from edge leads to an earlier delamination initiation. The edge effect is significant for active disks with a small aspect ratio, but negligible for the case of large aspect ratio. The edge diffusion is weaker in the potentiostatic operation than in the galvanostatic operation.
基金financially supported by Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 1808085ME123)the Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges in Anhui Provincial Key Project of Research and Development Plan (No.1804b06020363)the Priority Funding Scheme for Innovative Projects for Overseas Chinese Students in Anhui Province。
文摘The self-corrosion, electrochemical and discharge behavior of commercial purity Al anode via Mn modification in Al-air battery was studied by the hydrogen evolution, weight loss, electrical conductivity, electrochemical and discharge tests. Results show that the synergetic effects of the dissolved Mn and Mn-modifying Al_(3)Fe intermetallic decrease the weight loss and inhibit the hydrogen evolution of commercial purity Al in Na OH solution when minor Mn is introduced. However, more Mn addition leads to the formation of Al_6Mn intermetallic,which has little effect on the weight loss, but accelerates the hydrogen evolution. Mn introduction plays a positive role in activating Al anodes, resulting in a decrease in the anodic polarization and an increase in the discharge voltage. Among all the commercial purity Al-x Mn anodes, 0.1 wt% Mn addition exhibits the best discharge efficiency for Al-air battery.
