The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
背景与目的:胃癌脑膜转移是胃癌转移到中枢神经系统的一种特殊形式,具有与其他晚期胃癌明显不同的生物学特点。探讨胃癌合并脑膜转移患者(gastric cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis,GCLM)的临床病理学特征和预后生存分析。方法:...背景与目的:胃癌脑膜转移是胃癌转移到中枢神经系统的一种特殊形式,具有与其他晚期胃癌明显不同的生物学特点。探讨胃癌合并脑膜转移患者(gastric cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis,GCLM)的临床病理学特征和预后生存分析。方法:检索河北医科大学第四医院外三科2010年—2019年录入的胃癌数据库,筛选出经影像学检查或脑脊液穿刺细胞学检查证实为GCLM患者,分析其临床病理学特征、生存预后及影响预后的相关因素。结果:共检索出50例GCLM患者,占同期收治胃癌患者总数0.82%。其中男性30例(60.00%),女性20例(40.00%);中位年龄54岁(95%CI:41~66岁),其中≤50岁22例(44.00%),>50岁28例(56.00%);病理学类型:低分化腺癌29例(58.00%),印戒细胞癌及黏液腺癌18例(36.00%),混合型神经内分泌癌3例(6.00%)。50例GCLM患者均为异时性脑膜转移,从胃癌诊断至发生GCLM中位时间为13.8个月(95%CI:5.5~20.9个月),其中出现脑功能损害及脑膜刺激症状者23例(46.00%),出现脑神经功能受累表现者18例(36.00%),出现脊神经功能受损症状者19例(38.00%)。全组患者行腰椎穿刺,脑脊液检查平均次数为3次,其中行1次穿刺脑脊液细胞学阳性为46.00%(23/50),第2次腰椎穿刺后阳性率为76.19%(32/42),第3次阳性率为77.14%(27/35)。全组患者发生脑膜转移后中位生存时间为3.8个月(95%CI:1.30~8.60个月),Cox多因素分析结果显示,血清中肿瘤标志物糖类抗原19-9(carbohydrate antigen 19-9,CA19-9)的表达阳性(HR=2.458,95%CI:1.189~5.080,P=0.015)、同时合并其他远处脏器转移(HR=3.593,95%CI:1.365~9.456,P=0.010)是影响GCLM患者预后的独立危险因素,而发生脑膜转移后进行系统化疗则是保护性因素(HR=0.170,95%CI:0.049~0.591,P=0.005)。结论:对临床分期较晚的胃癌患者出现头痛、恶心呕吐,同时伴颅内压增高及脑膜刺激征,应高度警惕GCLM的可能;应用全身治疗联合局部治疗有助于延长GCLM患者的生存�展开更多
Net area change analysis can dramatically underestimate total change of land cover, even sometimes seriously misinterpret ecological processes of the ecosystem, especially in arid or semiarid zones. In this paper, a s...Net area change analysis can dramatically underestimate total change of land cover, even sometimes seriously misinterpret ecological processes of the ecosystem, especially in arid or semiarid zones. In this paper, a suite of indices are presented to characterize land-cover swaps that may seriously damage the ecosystem in arid or semiarid zones, based on swap-change areas extracted from remotely sensed images. First, swap percentage of total area and swap intensity of total changes were used to determine the status of land-cover swap change in an area. Then, dominated swap category and individual swap- change intensity for a land-cover category were used to determine flagged land-cover swap-change categories. Finally, swap-change mode and Pielou＇s index were used to determine the land-cover swap-change processes of dominant categories. A case study is conducted using this approach, based on two land-cover maps in the 1980s and 2000 in Naiman Qi, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China. This study shows that the approach can clearly quantify the severity and flagged classes of land-cover swap-change and reveal their relationship with ecological processes of the ecosystem. These results indicate that the approach can give deep insights into swap change, which can be very valuable to land-cover policy making and management.展开更多
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
文摘背景与目的:胃癌脑膜转移是胃癌转移到中枢神经系统的一种特殊形式,具有与其他晚期胃癌明显不同的生物学特点。探讨胃癌合并脑膜转移患者(gastric cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis,GCLM)的临床病理学特征和预后生存分析。方法:检索河北医科大学第四医院外三科2010年—2019年录入的胃癌数据库,筛选出经影像学检查或脑脊液穿刺细胞学检查证实为GCLM患者,分析其临床病理学特征、生存预后及影响预后的相关因素。结果:共检索出50例GCLM患者,占同期收治胃癌患者总数0.82%。其中男性30例(60.00%),女性20例(40.00%);中位年龄54岁(95%CI:41~66岁),其中≤50岁22例(44.00%),>50岁28例(56.00%);病理学类型:低分化腺癌29例(58.00%),印戒细胞癌及黏液腺癌18例(36.00%),混合型神经内分泌癌3例(6.00%)。50例GCLM患者均为异时性脑膜转移,从胃癌诊断至发生GCLM中位时间为13.8个月(95%CI:5.5~20.9个月),其中出现脑功能损害及脑膜刺激症状者23例(46.00%),出现脑神经功能受累表现者18例(36.00%),出现脊神经功能受损症状者19例(38.00%)。全组患者行腰椎穿刺,脑脊液检查平均次数为3次,其中行1次穿刺脑脊液细胞学阳性为46.00%(23/50),第2次腰椎穿刺后阳性率为76.19%(32/42),第3次阳性率为77.14%(27/35)。全组患者发生脑膜转移后中位生存时间为3.8个月(95%CI:1.30~8.60个月),Cox多因素分析结果显示,血清中肿瘤标志物糖类抗原19-9(carbohydrate antigen 19-9,CA19-9)的表达阳性(HR=2.458,95%CI:1.189~5.080,P=0.015)、同时合并其他远处脏器转移(HR=3.593,95%CI:1.365~9.456,P=0.010)是影响GCLM患者预后的独立危险因素,而发生脑膜转移后进行系统化疗则是保护性因素(HR=0.170,95%CI:0.049~0.591,P=0.005)。结论:对临床分期较晚的胃癌患者出现头痛、恶心呕吐,同时伴颅内压增高及脑膜刺激征,应高度警惕GCLM的可能;应用全身治疗联合局部治疗有助于延长GCLM患者的生存�
文摘Net area change analysis can dramatically underestimate total change of land cover, even sometimes seriously misinterpret ecological processes of the ecosystem, especially in arid or semiarid zones. In this paper, a suite of indices are presented to characterize land-cover swaps that may seriously damage the ecosystem in arid or semiarid zones, based on swap-change areas extracted from remotely sensed images. First, swap percentage of total area and swap intensity of total changes were used to determine the status of land-cover swap change in an area. Then, dominated swap category and individual swap- change intensity for a land-cover category were used to determine flagged land-cover swap-change categories. Finally, swap-change mode and Pielou＇s index were used to determine the land-cover swap-change processes of dominant categories. A case study is conducted using this approach, based on two land-cover maps in the 1980s and 2000 in Naiman Qi, Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia, China. This study shows that the approach can clearly quantify the severity and flagged classes of land-cover swap-change and reveal their relationship with ecological processes of the ecosystem. These results indicate that the approach can give deep insights into swap change, which can be very valuable to land-cover policy making and management.
