We investigate high time resolution data obtained by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)during the flare event on 2022 April 21 at 01:52 UT.Several subpeaks with durat...We investigate high time resolution data obtained by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)during the flare event on 2022 April 21 at 01:52 UT.Several subpeaks with durations of 4-6 s have been detected in the hard X-ray precursor phase,and the key feature is that they appear in pairs and seem like double-peak struc-tures.These subpeaks are rarely observed in hard X-ray band and confirmed by the microwave obtained by Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters(NoRP)and Radio Solar Telescope Network(RSTN).While an exponential function can describe the continuum component of the time profile from the precursor to part of the impulsive phase.The periods of quasi-periodic pulsations(QPPs)are detected to be about 7.3 and 12.8 s for the precursor and impulsive phase,respectively,with at least 95%confidence level.The paired QPPs are assumed to be double-peak QPPs and then the scenario of current loop coalescence model is found to be in good agreement with our observation.The precursor phase can be interpreted as the oscillating coalescence of two islands,while the impulsive phase can be interpreted as more islands to coalesce one by one to form larger islands.展开更多
Delirium is an acute reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by multiple factors.It is associated with many adverse clinical outcomes including cognitive impairment,functional decline,prolonged hospitalization,and...Delirium is an acute reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by multiple factors.It is associated with many adverse clinical outcomes including cognitive impairment,functional decline,prolonged hospitalization,and increased nursing service.The prevalence of delirium was high in department of cardiology,geriatric,and intensive care unit of hospital.With the increase in the aged population,further increases in delirium seem likely.However,it remains poorly recognized in the clinical practice.This article comprehensively discusses the latest research perspectives on the epidemiological data,risk factors,preventive interventions,overlapping symptoms,and clinical measures of delirium,including specific measures to manage delirium in clinical real-world situations.This article helps readers improve their knowledge and understanding of delirium and helps clinicians quickly identify and implement timely therapeutic measures to address various delirium subtypes that occur in the clinical settings to ensure patients are treated as aggressively as possible.展开更多
Background Our previous study had demonstrated that ulinastatin （UTI） had a neuroprotective effect in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis （EAE）. Methylprednisolone has been recommended to be a standard drug ...Background Our previous study had demonstrated that ulinastatin （UTI） had a neuroprotective effect in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis （EAE）. Methylprednisolone has been recommended to be a standard drug in multiple sclerosis （MS） therapies. The present study was to investigate the protective effects of UTI combined methylprednisolone in EAE. Methods Mice were divided into a UTI treatment group, a methylprednisolone treatment group, a combined treatment group with UTI and methylprednisolone, a normal saline treatment group, and a normal control group. EAE mice were induced in groups receiving different combined treatments, or respective monotherapies. Demyelination was evaluated by Solochrome cyanin staining. 2＇,3＇-cyclic nucleotide 3＇- phosphodiesterase （CNP）/myelin basic protein （MBP）/the precursor form of nerve growth factor （proNGF）/p75/inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） proteins in cerebral cortex of EAE were detected by Western blotting. Results The combined treatment group had a lower clinical score （0.61±0.06） and demyelinating score （1.33±0.33） than the groups with normal saline （clinical score： 1.39±0.08, P 〈0.001; demyelinating score： 2.75±0.49, P 〈0.05） or monotheraphies. Compared with the saline treated EAE group, UTI combined methylprednisolone significantly increased expressions of CNP （1.14±0.06 vs. 0.65±0.04, P 〈0.001）, MBP （1.28±0.14 vs. 0.44±0.17, P 〈0.001）, and decreased expressions of proNGF （1.08±0.10 vs. 2.32±0.12, P 〈0.001）, p75 （1.13±0.13 vs. 2.33±0.17, P 〈0.001）, and iNOS （1.05±0.31 vs. 2.17±0.13, P 〈0.001） proteins in EAE. Furthermore, UTI combined methylprednisolone could significantly upregulate MBP （1.28±0.14 vs. 1.01±0.15, P 〈0.05） expression and downregulate iNOS （1.05±0.31 vs. 1.35±0.14, P 〈0.05） expression compared to methylprednisolone treatment EAE group. And proNGF expression was significantly lower in combined treatment （1.08±0.10） than that in U展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1938102, and 11973092)the National Program on Key Research and Development Project (Grant No. 2016YFA0400802)supported by the Surface Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20211402)
文摘We investigate high time resolution data obtained by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor(GECAM)during the flare event on 2022 April 21 at 01:52 UT.Several subpeaks with durations of 4-6 s have been detected in the hard X-ray precursor phase,and the key feature is that they appear in pairs and seem like double-peak struc-tures.These subpeaks are rarely observed in hard X-ray band and confirmed by the microwave obtained by Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters(NoRP)and Radio Solar Telescope Network(RSTN).While an exponential function can describe the continuum component of the time profile from the precursor to part of the impulsive phase.The periods of quasi-periodic pulsations(QPPs)are detected to be about 7.3 and 12.8 s for the precursor and impulsive phase,respectively,with at least 95%confidence level.The paired QPPs are assumed to be double-peak QPPs and then the scenario of current loop coalescence model is found to be in good agreement with our observation.The precursor phase can be interpreted as the oscillating coalescence of two islands,while the impulsive phase can be interpreted as more islands to coalesce one by one to form larger islands.
基金Supported by the NINGBO Medical&Health Leading Academic Discipline Project,No.2022-F28.
文摘Delirium is an acute reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by multiple factors.It is associated with many adverse clinical outcomes including cognitive impairment,functional decline,prolonged hospitalization,and increased nursing service.The prevalence of delirium was high in department of cardiology,geriatric,and intensive care unit of hospital.With the increase in the aged population,further increases in delirium seem likely.However,it remains poorly recognized in the clinical practice.This article comprehensively discusses the latest research perspectives on the epidemiological data,risk factors,preventive interventions,overlapping symptoms,and clinical measures of delirium,including specific measures to manage delirium in clinical real-world situations.This article helps readers improve their knowledge and understanding of delirium and helps clinicians quickly identify and implement timely therapeutic measures to address various delirium subtypes that occur in the clinical settings to ensure patients are treated as aggressively as possible.
基金This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81171126） and Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province （No. B2013124）.
文摘Background Our previous study had demonstrated that ulinastatin （UTI） had a neuroprotective effect in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis （EAE）. Methylprednisolone has been recommended to be a standard drug in multiple sclerosis （MS） therapies. The present study was to investigate the protective effects of UTI combined methylprednisolone in EAE. Methods Mice were divided into a UTI treatment group, a methylprednisolone treatment group, a combined treatment group with UTI and methylprednisolone, a normal saline treatment group, and a normal control group. EAE mice were induced in groups receiving different combined treatments, or respective monotherapies. Demyelination was evaluated by Solochrome cyanin staining. 2＇,3＇-cyclic nucleotide 3＇- phosphodiesterase （CNP）/myelin basic protein （MBP）/the precursor form of nerve growth factor （proNGF）/p75/inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） proteins in cerebral cortex of EAE were detected by Western blotting. Results The combined treatment group had a lower clinical score （0.61±0.06） and demyelinating score （1.33±0.33） than the groups with normal saline （clinical score： 1.39±0.08, P 〈0.001; demyelinating score： 2.75±0.49, P 〈0.05） or monotheraphies. Compared with the saline treated EAE group, UTI combined methylprednisolone significantly increased expressions of CNP （1.14±0.06 vs. 0.65±0.04, P 〈0.001）, MBP （1.28±0.14 vs. 0.44±0.17, P 〈0.001）, and decreased expressions of proNGF （1.08±0.10 vs. 2.32±0.12, P 〈0.001）, p75 （1.13±0.13 vs. 2.33±0.17, P 〈0.001）, and iNOS （1.05±0.31 vs. 2.17±0.13, P 〈0.001） proteins in EAE. Furthermore, UTI combined methylprednisolone could significantly upregulate MBP （1.28±0.14 vs. 1.01±0.15, P 〈0.05） expression and downregulate iNOS （1.05±0.31 vs. 1.35±0.14, P 〈0.05） expression compared to methylprednisolone treatment EAE group. And proNGF expression was significantly lower in combined treatment （1.08±0.10） than that in U
