The Mariana Trench is the deepest location on earth and harbors unique microbial communities as evidenced by 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing.Obtaining culturable microorganisms from the Mariana Trenc...The Mariana Trench is the deepest location on earth and harbors unique microbial communities as evidenced by 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing.Obtaining culturable microorganisms from the Mariana Trench will contribute to a further understanding of hadal biogeochemical processes and act as a unique microbial reservoir with potential applications.Here,825 bacterial strains,identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing,were isolated from 12 water depths(0-10,400 m)of the Mariana Trench with 2216E and R2A media at 4℃ or 28℃ on four cruises during 2015-2017.These bacteria belong to four phyla,nine classes,27 orders,45 families and 108 genera.Alphaproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria,Actinobacteria_c,Bacilli and Flavobacteriia were the most abundant classes,accounting for 37.9%,33.0%,11.8%,8.6%and 8.0%of the total bacterial isolates,respectively.2216E and R2A media were found to have a better selectivity to Bacilli and Flavobacteriia,respectively.Fifty strains were potential novel bacterial species with a 16S rRNA gene similarity<98.65%,and a higher percentage of novel strains were obtained from R2A than 2216E medium.Additionally,301(150 species)out of 354 strains(178 species)selected from each depth could degrade at least one of the ten kinds of macromolecules tested.These results indicate that there is a high diversity of culturable bacteria in the Mariana Trench and they can produce a variety of extracellular enzymes.Our study provides a valuable resource of microorganisms for investigating their biogeochemical roles in the Mariana Trench and for industrial applications.展开更多
Aroma is an important quality parameter for breeding in rice(Oryza sativa).For example,the aromatic rice varieties basmati and jasmine rice,with a popcorn-like scent,are popular worldwide and routinely command a price...Aroma is an important quality parameter for breeding in rice(Oryza sativa).For example,the aromatic rice varieties basmati and jasmine rice,with a popcorn-like scent,are popular worldwide and routinely command a price premium.2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2AP)is a key flavor compound among over 200 volatiles identified in fragrant rice.A naturally fragrant germplasm exists in multiple plant species besides rice,which all exhibit lower activity of BETAINE ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 2(BADH2).However,no equivalent aromatic germplasm has been described in maize(Zea mays).Here,we characterized the two maize BADH2 homologs,ZmBADH2a and ZmBADH2b.We generated zmbadh2a and zmbadh2b single mutants and the zmbadh2a-zmbadh2b double mutant by CRISPR/Cas in four inbred lines.A popcorn-like scent was only noticeable in seeds from the double mutant,but not from either single mutant or in wild type.In agreement,we only detected 2AP in fresh kernels and dried mature seeds from the double mutant,which accumulated between 0.028 and 0.723 mg/kg 2AP.These results suggest that ZmBADH2a and ZmBADH2b redundantly participate in 2AP biosynthesis in maize,and represent the creation of the world's first aromatic maize by simultaneous genome editing of the two BADH2 genes.展开更多
Background: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection case which involves bones and joints are rare scenarios. Here, we report a rare case of Penicillium marneffei (PM), lung infection and systemic multi joint damag...Background: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection case which involves bones and joints are rare scenarios. Here, we report a rare case of Penicillium marneffei (PM), lung infection and systemic multi joint damage reported with positive anti-interferon-gamma at the same time. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old woman with fever for 10 days due to repeated multiple joint pain for more than one month was admitted to our hospital on September 19th 2020. During hospitalization, the patient was confirmed with mycobacterium avium combined with Penicillium marneffei (PM) infection involving multiple bone joints. Antifungal therapy and immunity regulatory agent were given during hospitalization. Following pharmocol-therapy, symptoms gradually improved, and the patient was discharged. Conclusions: The patient was considered disseminated and refractory non-tubercular mycobacterium (NTM) combined with Penicillium marneffei infection. In addition, we found that anti IFN-γ autoantibodies are closely related. Although the current incidence of this patient is related to anti IFN-γ, there is a strong correlation between autoantibody-mediated immunodeficiency in adults.展开更多
Stepwise energy transfer is ubiquitous in natural photosynthesis,which greatly promotes the widespread use of solar energy.Herein,we constructed a supramolecular light harvesting system based on sequential energy tran...Stepwise energy transfer is ubiquitous in natural photosynthesis,which greatly promotes the widespread use of solar energy.Herein,we constructed a supramolecular light harvesting system based on sequential energy transfer through the hierarchical self-assembly of M,which contains a cyanostilbene core flanked by two ureidopyrimidinone motifs,endowing itself with both aggregation-induced emission behavior and quadruple hydrogen bonding ability.The monomer M can self-assemble into hydrogen bonded polymers and then form supramolecular polymeric nanoparticles in water through a mini-emulsion process.The nanoparticles were further utilized to encapsulate the relay acceptor ESY and the final acceptor NDI to form a two-step FRET system.Tunable fluorescence including a white-light emission was successfully achieved.Our work not only shows a desirable way for the fabrication of efficient two-step light harvesting systems,but also shows great potential in tunable photoluminescent nanomaterials.展开更多
To overcome the conflict between the long-wavelength excitation and high singlet oxygen quantum yield of photosensitizers,we conjugated a two-photon fluorophore,tetrahydroquinoxaline coumarin(TQ),and an efficient phot...To overcome the conflict between the long-wavelength excitation and high singlet oxygen quantum yield of photosensitizers,we conjugated a two-photon fluorophore,tetrahydroquinoxaline coumarin(TQ),and an efficient photodynamic therapeutic agent,benzo[a]phenothiazinium(NBS-NH_(2)),through a hexamethylene linker to build a two-photon photosensitizer,TQ-NBS.In TQ-NBS,TQ served as an energy donor and NBS-NH_(2) acted as an energy acceptor;and TQ-NBS was a F?rster resonance energy transfer(FRET)cassette with a 92.8%efficiency.The large two-photon absorption cross-section of TQ allowed photosensitizer TQ-NBS to work in a 900 nm two-photon excitation(TPE)mode,which greatly benefited the deep tissue penetration in PDT treatment.Meanwhile,the excellent phototoxicity and near-infrared fluorescence of NBS-NH2was kept in TQ-NBS under a TPE mode via a FRET process.Photosensitizer TQ-NBS exhibited a high phototoxic efficacy in living cells and tumor-bearing mice.展开更多
Worldwide interest has increasingly focused on the sustainable utilization of landscape as a resource in urban areas,emphasizing its ecological,cultural and social significance.This study examines Guilin City,China,as...Worldwide interest has increasingly focused on the sustainable utilization of landscape as a resource in urban areas,emphasizing its ecological,cultural and social significance.This study examines Guilin City,China,as a representative case study due to its rich landscape resources and status as a national innovation demonstration zone for implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.This study uses bibliometric visualization tools like CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze research trends from 1980 to 2021 in the Chinese Academic Journal Network Publishing Database(CNKI).The results show increasing academic interest over three stages:initiation(1982-1997),exploration(1998-2004),and diversified development(2005-2021).Contributions are predominantly from local academic and tourism sectors,indicating a strong regional influence;however,relatively weak interinstitutional collaboration occurs,suggesting potential for more integrated research efforts.Primary research is also concentrated within economic disciplines,particularly tourism-related ones.The evolution of research frontiers reveals three main paths:urban development strategies,industrial economic theories and empirical validation,and ecosystem analysis and evaluation.A multidisciplinary approach and stronger collaborative efforts are crucial to enhance research on ecological values and empirical models while supporting evidence-based urban development strategies in Guilin City and comparable cities globally.展开更多
Catalytic performances of the CO2 reforming of toluene on Co/MgO catalysts with different cobalt loadings were evaluated in a fluidized-bed reactor. The results showed that the conversion of toluene and the stability ...Catalytic performances of the CO2 reforming of toluene on Co/MgO catalysts with different cobalt loadings were evaluated in a fluidized-bed reactor. The results showed that the conversion of toluene and the stability of Co/MgO increased, but the apparent reaction rate decreased at the initial stage with increasing the amount of metallic Co formed from the reduction of Co/MgO catalysts at 700 ~C. The deactivation of Co/MgO catalysts was mainly resulted from that a part of the metallic Co was oxidized by CO2 and could not be re-reduced by H2 at reaction temperature. Therefore, the excess metallic Co on the higher Co loading catalysts was beneficial to the catalyst stability.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91751202,41976101 and 41730530)Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2018SDKJ0406-4).
文摘The Mariana Trench is the deepest location on earth and harbors unique microbial communities as evidenced by 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing.Obtaining culturable microorganisms from the Mariana Trench will contribute to a further understanding of hadal biogeochemical processes and act as a unique microbial reservoir with potential applications.Here,825 bacterial strains,identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing,were isolated from 12 water depths(0-10,400 m)of the Mariana Trench with 2216E and R2A media at 4℃ or 28℃ on four cruises during 2015-2017.These bacteria belong to four phyla,nine classes,27 orders,45 families and 108 genera.Alphaproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria,Actinobacteria_c,Bacilli and Flavobacteriia were the most abundant classes,accounting for 37.9%,33.0%,11.8%,8.6%and 8.0%of the total bacterial isolates,respectively.2216E and R2A media were found to have a better selectivity to Bacilli and Flavobacteriia,respectively.Fifty strains were potential novel bacterial species with a 16S rRNA gene similarity<98.65%,and a higher percentage of novel strains were obtained from R2A than 2216E medium.Additionally,301(150 species)out of 354 strains(178 species)selected from each depth could degrade at least one of the ten kinds of macromolecules tested.These results indicate that there is a high diversity of culturable bacteria in the Mariana Trench and they can produce a variety of extracellular enzymes.Our study provides a valuable resource of microorganisms for investigating their biogeochemical roles in the Mariana Trench and for industrial applications.
文摘Aroma is an important quality parameter for breeding in rice(Oryza sativa).For example,the aromatic rice varieties basmati and jasmine rice,with a popcorn-like scent,are popular worldwide and routinely command a price premium.2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2AP)is a key flavor compound among over 200 volatiles identified in fragrant rice.A naturally fragrant germplasm exists in multiple plant species besides rice,which all exhibit lower activity of BETAINE ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 2(BADH2).However,no equivalent aromatic germplasm has been described in maize(Zea mays).Here,we characterized the two maize BADH2 homologs,ZmBADH2a and ZmBADH2b.We generated zmbadh2a and zmbadh2b single mutants and the zmbadh2a-zmbadh2b double mutant by CRISPR/Cas in four inbred lines.A popcorn-like scent was only noticeable in seeds from the double mutant,but not from either single mutant or in wild type.In agreement,we only detected 2AP in fresh kernels and dried mature seeds from the double mutant,which accumulated between 0.028 and 0.723 mg/kg 2AP.These results suggest that ZmBADH2a and ZmBADH2b redundantly participate in 2AP biosynthesis in maize,and represent the creation of the world's first aromatic maize by simultaneous genome editing of the two BADH2 genes.
文摘Background: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection case which involves bones and joints are rare scenarios. Here, we report a rare case of Penicillium marneffei (PM), lung infection and systemic multi joint damage reported with positive anti-interferon-gamma at the same time. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old woman with fever for 10 days due to repeated multiple joint pain for more than one month was admitted to our hospital on September 19th 2020. During hospitalization, the patient was confirmed with mycobacterium avium combined with Penicillium marneffei (PM) infection involving multiple bone joints. Antifungal therapy and immunity regulatory agent were given during hospitalization. Following pharmocol-therapy, symptoms gradually improved, and the patient was discharged. Conclusions: The patient was considered disseminated and refractory non-tubercular mycobacterium (NTM) combined with Penicillium marneffei infection. In addition, we found that anti IFN-γ autoantibodies are closely related. Although the current incidence of this patient is related to anti IFN-γ, there is a strong correlation between autoantibody-mediated immunodeficiency in adults.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21702020)We also acknowledge the analytical testing support from Analysis and Testing Center,NERC Biomass of Changzhou University.L.Z.acknowledges the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX22_3012).
文摘Stepwise energy transfer is ubiquitous in natural photosynthesis,which greatly promotes the widespread use of solar energy.Herein,we constructed a supramolecular light harvesting system based on sequential energy transfer through the hierarchical self-assembly of M,which contains a cyanostilbene core flanked by two ureidopyrimidinone motifs,endowing itself with both aggregation-induced emission behavior and quadruple hydrogen bonding ability.The monomer M can self-assemble into hydrogen bonded polymers and then form supramolecular polymeric nanoparticles in water through a mini-emulsion process.The nanoparticles were further utilized to encapsulate the relay acceptor ESY and the final acceptor NDI to form a two-step FRET system.Tunable fluorescence including a white-light emission was successfully achieved.Our work not only shows a desirable way for the fabrication of efficient two-step light harvesting systems,but also shows great potential in tunable photoluminescent nanomaterials.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1207600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22178395,62175262 and 62005294)。
文摘To overcome the conflict between the long-wavelength excitation and high singlet oxygen quantum yield of photosensitizers,we conjugated a two-photon fluorophore,tetrahydroquinoxaline coumarin(TQ),and an efficient photodynamic therapeutic agent,benzo[a]phenothiazinium(NBS-NH_(2)),through a hexamethylene linker to build a two-photon photosensitizer,TQ-NBS.In TQ-NBS,TQ served as an energy donor and NBS-NH_(2) acted as an energy acceptor;and TQ-NBS was a F?rster resonance energy transfer(FRET)cassette with a 92.8%efficiency.The large two-photon absorption cross-section of TQ allowed photosensitizer TQ-NBS to work in a 900 nm two-photon excitation(TPE)mode,which greatly benefited the deep tissue penetration in PDT treatment.Meanwhile,the excellent phototoxicity and near-infrared fluorescence of NBS-NH2was kept in TQ-NBS under a TPE mode via a FRET process.Photosensitizer TQ-NBS exhibited a high phototoxic efficacy in living cells and tumor-bearing mice.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under the theme“Research on urban sustainable development interactive decision-making and management technologies”[Grant No.2022YFC3802904].
文摘Worldwide interest has increasingly focused on the sustainable utilization of landscape as a resource in urban areas,emphasizing its ecological,cultural and social significance.This study examines Guilin City,China,as a representative case study due to its rich landscape resources and status as a national innovation demonstration zone for implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.This study uses bibliometric visualization tools like CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze research trends from 1980 to 2021 in the Chinese Academic Journal Network Publishing Database(CNKI).The results show increasing academic interest over three stages:initiation(1982-1997),exploration(1998-2004),and diversified development(2005-2021).Contributions are predominantly from local academic and tourism sectors,indicating a strong regional influence;however,relatively weak interinstitutional collaboration occurs,suggesting potential for more integrated research efforts.Primary research is also concentrated within economic disciplines,particularly tourism-related ones.The evolution of research frontiers reveals three main paths:urban development strategies,industrial economic theories and empirical validation,and ecosystem analysis and evaluation.A multidisciplinary approach and stronger collaborative efforts are crucial to enhance research on ecological values and empirical models while supporting evidence-based urban development strategies in Guilin City and comparable cities globally.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB228104)the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China(2007AA05Z415)
文摘Catalytic performances of the CO2 reforming of toluene on Co/MgO catalysts with different cobalt loadings were evaluated in a fluidized-bed reactor. The results showed that the conversion of toluene and the stability of Co/MgO increased, but the apparent reaction rate decreased at the initial stage with increasing the amount of metallic Co formed from the reduction of Co/MgO catalysts at 700 ~C. The deactivation of Co/MgO catalysts was mainly resulted from that a part of the metallic Co was oxidized by CO2 and could not be re-reduced by H2 at reaction temperature. Therefore, the excess metallic Co on the higher Co loading catalysts was beneficial to the catalyst stability.
