We apply ambient noise tomography to significant seismic data resources in a region including the northeastern Tibetan plateau, the Ordos block and the Sichuan basin. The seismic data come from about 160 stations of t...We apply ambient noise tomography to significant seismic data resources in a region including the northeastern Tibetan plateau, the Ordos block and the Sichuan basin. The seismic data come from about 160 stations of the provincial broadband digital seismograph networks of China. Ambient noise cross-correlations are performed on the data recorded between 2007 and 2009 and high quality inter-station Rayleigh phase velocity dispersion curves are obtained between periods of 6 s to 35 s. Resulting Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps possess a lateral resolution between 100 km and 200 kin. The phase velocities at short periods （〈20 s） are lower in the Sichuan basin, the northwest segment of the Ordos block and the Weihe graben, and outline sedimentary deposits. At intermediate and long periods （〉25 s）, strong high velocity anomalies are observed within the Ordos block and the Sichuan basin and low phase velocities are imaged in the northeastern Tibetan plateau, reflecting the variation of crustal thickness from the Tibetan plateau to the neighboring regions in the east. Crustal and uppermost mantle shear wave velocities vary strongly between the Tibetan plateau, the Sichuan basin and the Ordos block. The Ordos block and the Sichuan basin are dominated by high shear wave velocities in the crust and uppermost mantle. There is a triangle-shaped low velocity zone located in the northeastern Tibetan plateau, whose width narrows towards the eastern margin of the plateau. No low velocity zone is apparent beneath the Qinling orogen, suggesting that mass may not be able to flow eastward through the boundary between the Ordos block and the Sichuan basin in the crust and uppermost mantle.展开更多
In this paper, we present wavelet transformation method to measure interstation phase velocity. We use Morlet wavelet function as mother wavelet to filter two seismograms at various period of interest, and correlate t...In this paper, we present wavelet transformation method to measure interstation phase velocity. We use Morlet wavelet function as mother wavelet to filter two seismograms at various period of interest, and correlate the wavelet filtered seismograms to form cross-correlogram. If both wavelet filtered signals are in phase at that period, the phase of the cross-correlogram is a minimum. Using 3-spline interpolation to transform cross-correlation matrix to a phase velocity verse period image, it is convenient for us to measure interstation phase velocity.展开更多
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)damages embryonic development and leads to growth arrest.Objective The purpose of this study is to elucidate whether ...Background Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)damages embryonic development and leads to growth arrest.Objective The purpose of this study is to elucidate whether maternal zinc(Zn)exert protective effect on oxidative stress targeting mitochondrial function using an avian model.Result In ovo injected tert-butyl hydroperoxide(BHP)increases(P<0.05)hepatic mitochondrial ROS,malondialdehyde(MDA)and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG),and decreases(P<0.05)mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)copy number and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)content,contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction.In vivo and in vitro studies revealed that Zn addition enhances(P<0.05)ATP synthesis and metallothionein 4(MT4)content and expression as well as alleviates(P<0.05)the BHP-induced mitochondrial ROS generation,oxidative damage and dysfunction,exerting a protective effect on mitochondrial function by enhancing antioxidant capacity and upregulating the mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2 and PGC-1α.Conclusions The present study provides a new way to protect offspring against oxidative damage by maternal Zn supplementation through the process of targeting mitochondria involving the activation of Nrf2/PGC-1αsignaling.展开更多
Hepatic lipid and fatty acid(FA)metabolism are critical for regulating energetic homeostasis during embryogenesis.At present,it remains unclear how an exogenous FA intervention affects embryonic development in an avia...Hepatic lipid and fatty acid(FA)metabolism are critical for regulating energetic homeostasis during embryogenesis.At present,it remains unclear how an exogenous FA intervention affects embryonic development in an avian embryo model.In Exp.1,30 fertilized eggs were sampled on embryonic days(E)16,19,22,25,28,31 and the day of hatch(DOH)to determine the critical period of lipid metabolism.In Exp.2,a total of 120 fertilized eggs were divided into two groups(60 eggs/group)for in ovo feeding(IOF)procedures on E25.Eggs were injected into the yolk sac with PBS as the control group and with oleic acid(OA)as the IOF-OA treatment group.Samples were collected on E28 and E31.In Exp.1,hepatic triacylglycerol(TG)and cholesterol(CHO)contents increased while serum TG content decreased from E16 to DOH(P<0.05).Both serum and liver displayed an increase in unsaturated FA and a decrease in saturated FA(P<0.05).There was a quadratic increase in the target gene and protein expression related to hepatic FA de novo synthesis and oxidation(P<0.05),whose inflection period was between E22 and E28.In Exp.2,compared with the control embryos,IOF-OA embryos had an increased yolk sac TG content on E28 and E31,and a decreased serum TG and CHO content on E28(P<0.05).The IOF-OA embryos had less OA in the yolk sac and liver on E28,and less unsaturated FA in the serum and liver on E31 than did the control embryos(P<0.05).Hepatic gene mRNA expression related to FA uptake,synthesis,and oxidation on E28 was lower in IOF-OA than in control embryos(P<0.05),not on E31(P>0.05).Maximal metabolic changes in lipid and FA metabolism occurred on E22-E28 in Muscovy duck embryogenesis,along with the altered target gene and protein expression related to lipogenesis and lipolysis.IOF-OA intervention on E25 could inhibit the target gene expression related to FA uptake,synthesis,and oxidation,which may influence the normal FA metabolism on E28 during embryogenesis.展开更多
The amount of seismological data is rapidly increasing with accumulating observational time and increasing number of stations, requiring modern technique to provide adequate computing power. In present study, we propo...The amount of seismological data is rapidly increasing with accumulating observational time and increasing number of stations, requiring modern technique to provide adequate computing power. In present study, we proposed a framework to calculate large-scale noise crosscorrelation functions(NCFs) using public cloud service from ALIYUN. The entire computation is factorized into small pieces which are performed parallelly on specified number of virtual servers provided by the cloud. Using data from most seismic stations in China, five NCF databases are built. The results show that, comparing to the time cost using a single server, the entire time can be reduced over two orders of magnitude depending number of evoked virtual servers. This could reduce computation time from months to less than 12 hours. Based on obtained massive NCFs, the global body waves are retrieved through array interferometry and agree well with those from earthquakes. This leads to a solution to process massive seismic dataset within an affordable time and is applicable to other large-scale computing in seismological researches.展开更多
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences grant kzcx2-yw-142 and Y009021002National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 40974034+1 种基金NSF-EAR award 0944022NSF-OISE 0730154 at the University of Colorado at Boulder
文摘We apply ambient noise tomography to significant seismic data resources in a region including the northeastern Tibetan plateau, the Ordos block and the Sichuan basin. The seismic data come from about 160 stations of the provincial broadband digital seismograph networks of China. Ambient noise cross-correlations are performed on the data recorded between 2007 and 2009 and high quality inter-station Rayleigh phase velocity dispersion curves are obtained between periods of 6 s to 35 s. Resulting Rayleigh wave phase velocity maps possess a lateral resolution between 100 km and 200 kin. The phase velocities at short periods （〈20 s） are lower in the Sichuan basin, the northwest segment of the Ordos block and the Weihe graben, and outline sedimentary deposits. At intermediate and long periods （〉25 s）, strong high velocity anomalies are observed within the Ordos block and the Sichuan basin and low phase velocities are imaged in the northeastern Tibetan plateau, reflecting the variation of crustal thickness from the Tibetan plateau to the neighboring regions in the east. Crustal and uppermost mantle shear wave velocities vary strongly between the Tibetan plateau, the Sichuan basin and the Ordos block. The Ordos block and the Sichuan basin are dominated by high shear wave velocities in the crust and uppermost mantle. There is a triangle-shaped low velocity zone located in the northeastern Tibetan plateau, whose width narrows towards the eastern margin of the plateau. No low velocity zone is apparent beneath the Qinling orogen, suggesting that mass may not be able to flow eastward through the boundary between the Ordos block and the Sichuan basin in the crust and uppermost mantle.
基金funded by Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40774039)
文摘In this paper, we present wavelet transformation method to measure interstation phase velocity. We use Morlet wavelet function as mother wavelet to filter two seismograms at various period of interest, and correlate the wavelet filtered seismograms to form cross-correlogram. If both wavelet filtered signals are in phase at that period, the phase of the cross-correlogram is a minimum. Using 3-spline interpolation to transform cross-correlation matrix to a phase velocity verse period image, it is convenient for us to measure interstation phase velocity.
基金sponsored by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD1301800 and1300400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31802080 and 3197200131)+1 种基金Key Open Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine of State Ethnic Affairs Commission&National Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for the Separation and Purification Technology of Ethnic Chinese Veterinary Medicine([2022]09)Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Special Foundation(210723106900762 and 2021020103-2)。
文摘Background Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(ROS)damages embryonic development and leads to growth arrest.Objective The purpose of this study is to elucidate whether maternal zinc(Zn)exert protective effect on oxidative stress targeting mitochondrial function using an avian model.Result In ovo injected tert-butyl hydroperoxide(BHP)increases(P<0.05)hepatic mitochondrial ROS,malondialdehyde(MDA)and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG),and decreases(P<0.05)mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)copy number and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)content,contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction.In vivo and in vitro studies revealed that Zn addition enhances(P<0.05)ATP synthesis and metallothionein 4(MT4)content and expression as well as alleviates(P<0.05)the BHP-induced mitochondrial ROS generation,oxidative damage and dysfunction,exerting a protective effect on mitochondrial function by enhancing antioxidant capacity and upregulating the mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2 and PGC-1α.Conclusions The present study provides a new way to protect offspring against oxidative damage by maternal Zn supplementation through the process of targeting mitochondria involving the activation of Nrf2/PGC-1αsignaling.
基金This study was sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972584)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-42-15).
文摘Hepatic lipid and fatty acid(FA)metabolism are critical for regulating energetic homeostasis during embryogenesis.At present,it remains unclear how an exogenous FA intervention affects embryonic development in an avian embryo model.In Exp.1,30 fertilized eggs were sampled on embryonic days(E)16,19,22,25,28,31 and the day of hatch(DOH)to determine the critical period of lipid metabolism.In Exp.2,a total of 120 fertilized eggs were divided into two groups(60 eggs/group)for in ovo feeding(IOF)procedures on E25.Eggs were injected into the yolk sac with PBS as the control group and with oleic acid(OA)as the IOF-OA treatment group.Samples were collected on E28 and E31.In Exp.1,hepatic triacylglycerol(TG)and cholesterol(CHO)contents increased while serum TG content decreased from E16 to DOH(P<0.05).Both serum and liver displayed an increase in unsaturated FA and a decrease in saturated FA(P<0.05).There was a quadratic increase in the target gene and protein expression related to hepatic FA de novo synthesis and oxidation(P<0.05),whose inflection period was between E22 and E28.In Exp.2,compared with the control embryos,IOF-OA embryos had an increased yolk sac TG content on E28 and E31,and a decreased serum TG and CHO content on E28(P<0.05).The IOF-OA embryos had less OA in the yolk sac and liver on E28,and less unsaturated FA in the serum and liver on E31 than did the control embryos(P<0.05).Hepatic gene mRNA expression related to FA uptake,synthesis,and oxidation on E28 was lower in IOF-OA than in control embryos(P<0.05),not on E31(P>0.05).Maximal metabolic changes in lipid and FA metabolism occurred on E22-E28 in Muscovy duck embryogenesis,along with the altered target gene and protein expression related to lipogenesis and lipolysis.IOF-OA intervention on E25 could inhibit the target gene expression related to FA uptake,synthesis,and oxidation,which may influence the normal FA metabolism on E28 during embryogenesis.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFC1503200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41674061,41790463 and 41674058)
文摘The amount of seismological data is rapidly increasing with accumulating observational time and increasing number of stations, requiring modern technique to provide adequate computing power. In present study, we proposed a framework to calculate large-scale noise crosscorrelation functions(NCFs) using public cloud service from ALIYUN. The entire computation is factorized into small pieces which are performed parallelly on specified number of virtual servers provided by the cloud. Using data from most seismic stations in China, five NCF databases are built. The results show that, comparing to the time cost using a single server, the entire time can be reduced over two orders of magnitude depending number of evoked virtual servers. This could reduce computation time from months to less than 12 hours. Based on obtained massive NCFs, the global body waves are retrieved through array interferometry and agree well with those from earthquakes. This leads to a solution to process massive seismic dataset within an affordable time and is applicable to other large-scale computing in seismological researches.
