Many randomized clinical controlled trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of calcium dobesilate in treating diabetic retinopathy(DR).This systematic review critically evaluated the evidence that links calcium ...Many randomized clinical controlled trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of calcium dobesilate in treating diabetic retinopathy(DR).This systematic review critically evaluated the evidence that links calcium dobesilate to DR.In this fixed-effects meta-analysis,a total of 221 pertinent English-language articles published between January 1975 and October 2013 were identified.Systematic searches of PUBMED,Springer Link and the Cochrane Clinical Trials Database were conducted using the keywords "diabetic retinopathy" and "calcium dobesilate".The extracted information included the study design,inclusion and exclusion criteria,setting,sample size,participant mean age,treatment regime,mean change in best corrected visual acuity,laboratory parameters,capillary fragility,intraocular pressure and fundus manifestations based on the findings of fluorescent angiography.The summary statistics indicated that calcium dobesilate was significantly associated with improving retinal microaneurysms(RR: 0.62,95%CI: 0.42?0.90,P=0.01),retinalhemorrhages(RR: 0.39,95% CI: 0.17?0.88,P=0.02); exudates(RR: 0.31,95% CI: 0.12?0.81,P=0.02),reduction of whole blood viscosity(MD: ?0.57 CP,95% CI: ?0.75 to ?0.38,P<0.001),plasma viscosity(MD: ?0.36 CP,95% CI: ?0.63 to ?0.09,P=0.01) and blood cholesterol(MD: ?0.48 mg m L?1,95% CI: ?0.64?0.33,P<0.00001).Intraocular pressure was also significantly reduced(MD: ?5.59 mm Hg,95% CI: ?6.69 to ?4.50,P<0.00001).The results indicate that calcium dobesilate effectively treats DR at the systematic and local ocular levels.展开更多
科学划定生态保护红线(Ecological Protection Red Line,EPRL)并严格保护是中国政府建设生态文明的重要战略举措,对国土空间可持续发展具有重要意义。通过解析生态保护红线制度的内涵、目标与划定标准提出生态保护红线的4项基础性问题...科学划定生态保护红线(Ecological Protection Red Line,EPRL)并严格保护是中国政府建设生态文明的重要战略举措,对国土空间可持续发展具有重要意义。通过解析生态保护红线制度的内涵、目标与划定标准提出生态保护红线的4项基础性问题。针对长江中下游平原面临的生物多样性减少、生境斑块破碎化以及农业与生态空间冲突等问题,考虑生态保护红线的区域差异性,以江苏省为研究区,结合区域特征利用生境维持、气候调节、水源涵养、粮食供给、土壤保持5项生态系统服务功能,基于生态安全格局研究框架探讨了相应的生态保护红线划定方法。研究结果表明:①江苏省生态源地主要由区域内河流、湖泊、滩涂与林地构成,各项生态系统服务功能空间格局差异化显著,限于农田覆盖范围广泛与水系网络结构发达,源地斑块破碎化现象严重。②江苏生态保护红线主要由湿地、林草地、农用地等地类构成,红线核心区以湿地为主,廊道与节点则以农用地为主。生态保护红线可根据源地景观规模分为3级,其中I级EPRL占比达72.87%,可基本代表核心红线图斑。③生态廊道与生态节点的设置有助于提高生境图斑的连通性,江苏省生态廊道共47条,包括33条关键生态廊道与14条潜在生态廊道,总长度分别为1296.27km、1726.33km。研究结果可为长江中下游平原的生态保护红线划定创新思路,并希冀对生态保护红线制度约束下的国土空间管控与管制制度改革具有借鉴价值。展开更多
This work characterizes microstructural evolutions of electron beam melted(EBM) Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy modified via laser shock peening(LSP).The depth stress distribution and tensile properties of EBM Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy wer...This work characterizes microstructural evolutions of electron beam melted(EBM) Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy modified via laser shock peening(LSP).The depth stress distribution and tensile properties of EBM Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy were measured before and after LSP.The results indicate that microstructure consists of β phase with 7.2%±0.4% vol.% and balance α lamellar in EBM sample,and the α lamella was refined into nano-equiaxed grains and submicro-equiaxed grains after LSP.The dominant refinement mechanism is revealed during LSP.Stacking faults were found in the LSP-treated sample,and their corresponding planes were determined as(0001) basal plane,(1010) prismatic plane,and(1011) pyramidal plane obtained by high resolution transmission electron microscopy.The subgrains and high-angle grains formed during dynamic recrystallization were identified by selected area electron diffraction pattern.The LSP treatment produces a significantly residual compressive stress approximately-380 MPa with the depth of compressive stress layer reaching 450 μm.Strength and elongation of the EBM sample were significantly increased after LSP.The strength and ductility enhancements are attributed to compre s sive stress,grain refinement and grain gradient distribution of α phase.展开更多
The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 3...The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.展开更多
Background:Severe burn sepsis can lead to high mortality. We explored the valuable prognostic indicators for severe burn sepsis with inhalation lesion. Methods:Thirty-eight severe burn patients with sepsis who were ad...Background:Severe burn sepsis can lead to high mortality. We explored the valuable prognostic indicators for severe burn sepsis with inhalation lesion. Methods:Thirty-eight severe burn patients with sepsis who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from August 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 22 patients were assigned to the death group and 16 patients to the survival group. Their general information, vital signs, and blood index including serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at admission, diagnosis of sepsis, and 1-week post-diagnosis of sepsis were compared. Results:Patients in the death group were older and had lower platelet count (PLT) at diagnosis of sepsis and 1-week post-diagnosis as well as higher PCT level at 1-week post-diagnosis than patients in the survival group (all p<0.05). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the above four indicators could be used to predict the prognosis, and the area under the curve (AUC) of PLT at diagnosis and 1-week post-diagnosis was larger (0.888 and 0.911), and PLT at diagnosis had the highest sensitivity and specificity (0.842 and 0.937). In addition, these patients were divided into two groups by the optimal cutoff age of 38 years. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis and COX regression analysis, only age group and PLT at diagnosis were statistically significant (all p<0.05). The risk of death in the older group was 28 times higher than that in the younger group, and the risk of death increased by 3%for each unit reduction in PLT at diagnosis. Moreover, age group was an independent factor affecting the patients' survival (β=?1.370, p=0.026). Considering the survival time after sepsis, the mortality risk was lower for patients in the older group than for patients in the younger group (hazard ratio (HR)=0.254, 95%confidence interval (CI) 0.076–0.851). Conclusion:Age, PLT at diagnosis of sepsis, and 1-week post-diagnosis as well as PCT level 展开更多
As the world’s largest developing country,the ability of China’s agricultural resource utilization to effectively support the current and future food security goals has been affected by a variety of factors(e.g.,tra...As the world’s largest developing country,the ability of China’s agricultural resource utilization to effectively support the current and future food security goals has been affected by a variety of factors(e.g.,transformed supply channels,tightening international situation and frequent emergencies)in recent years and has attracted extensive attention from the academic community subject to multiple factors.This study uses literature review,statistical analysis,and spatial analysis methods to systematically explore China’s food security situation in the context of farmland resource constraints.It is found that the demand-side pressures such as demographic changes,social class differentiation,and dietary structure adjustments derived from economic growth and rapid urbanization have placed extremely high expectations on food supply.However,the quantitative restrictions,utilization ways,and health risks of farmland resources on the supply side constitute a huge hidden concern that affects the stability of food production.Although China’s farmland protection system is undergoing a transition from focusing on quantity management to sustainable use,the matching and coordinating demand pressure and supply capacity for food security is unbalanced.Therefore,facing uncertain future development scenarios,policymakers should focus on building a resilient space for China’s farmland protection to withstand the interference of major emergencies.The existing farmland protection space policy can be integrated by establishing a national farmland strategic reserve system(based on resilient space),and further development of targeted use control measures for zoning,grading,and classification will help realize sustainable China’s farmland resources use.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer,one of the most aggressive malignancies,has no effective treatment due to the lack of targets and drugs related to tumour metastasis.SIRT6 can promote the migration of pancreatic cancer and could be ...Pancreatic cancer,one of the most aggressive malignancies,has no effective treatment due to the lack of targets and drugs related to tumour metastasis.SIRT6 can promote the migration of pancreatic cancer and could be a potential target for antimetastasis of pancreatic cancer.However,highly selective and potency SIRT6 inhibitor that can be used in vivo is yet to be discovered.Here,we developed a noveSIRT6 allosteric inhibitor,compound 11e,with maximal inhibitory potency and an IC_(50) value of 0.98±0.13μmol/L.Moreover,compound 11e exhibited significant selectivity against other histone deacetylases(HADC1-11 and SIRT1-3)at concentrations up to 100μmol/L.The allosteric site and the molecular mechanism of inhibition were extensively elucidated by cocrystal complex structure and dynamic structural analyses.Importantly,we confirmed the antimetastatic function of such inhibitors in four pancreatic cancer cell lines as well as in two mouse models of pancreatic cancer liver metastasis.To our knowledge,this is the first study to reveal the in vivo effects of SIRT6 inhibitors on liver metastatic pancreatic cancer.It not only provides a promising lead compound for subsequent inhibitor developmentargeting SIRT6 but also provides a potential approach to address the challenge of metastasis in pancreatic cancer.展开更多
基金supported by grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81170859)Bejing Municipal Education Commission Key Project(KZ201210025027)Beijing Science and Technology New Star Project(2004B28)
文摘Many randomized clinical controlled trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of calcium dobesilate in treating diabetic retinopathy(DR).This systematic review critically evaluated the evidence that links calcium dobesilate to DR.In this fixed-effects meta-analysis,a total of 221 pertinent English-language articles published between January 1975 and October 2013 were identified.Systematic searches of PUBMED,Springer Link and the Cochrane Clinical Trials Database were conducted using the keywords "diabetic retinopathy" and "calcium dobesilate".The extracted information included the study design,inclusion and exclusion criteria,setting,sample size,participant mean age,treatment regime,mean change in best corrected visual acuity,laboratory parameters,capillary fragility,intraocular pressure and fundus manifestations based on the findings of fluorescent angiography.The summary statistics indicated that calcium dobesilate was significantly associated with improving retinal microaneurysms(RR: 0.62,95%CI: 0.42?0.90,P=0.01),retinalhemorrhages(RR: 0.39,95% CI: 0.17?0.88,P=0.02); exudates(RR: 0.31,95% CI: 0.12?0.81,P=0.02),reduction of whole blood viscosity(MD: ?0.57 CP,95% CI: ?0.75 to ?0.38,P<0.001),plasma viscosity(MD: ?0.36 CP,95% CI: ?0.63 to ?0.09,P=0.01) and blood cholesterol(MD: ?0.48 mg m L?1,95% CI: ?0.64?0.33,P<0.00001).Intraocular pressure was also significantly reduced(MD: ?5.59 mm Hg,95% CI: ?6.69 to ?4.50,P<0.00001).The results indicate that calcium dobesilate effectively treats DR at the systematic and local ocular levels.
文摘科学划定生态保护红线(Ecological Protection Red Line,EPRL)并严格保护是中国政府建设生态文明的重要战略举措,对国土空间可持续发展具有重要意义。通过解析生态保护红线制度的内涵、目标与划定标准提出生态保护红线的4项基础性问题。针对长江中下游平原面临的生物多样性减少、生境斑块破碎化以及农业与生态空间冲突等问题,考虑生态保护红线的区域差异性,以江苏省为研究区,结合区域特征利用生境维持、气候调节、水源涵养、粮食供给、土壤保持5项生态系统服务功能,基于生态安全格局研究框架探讨了相应的生态保护红线划定方法。研究结果表明:①江苏省生态源地主要由区域内河流、湖泊、滩涂与林地构成,各项生态系统服务功能空间格局差异化显著,限于农田覆盖范围广泛与水系网络结构发达,源地斑块破碎化现象严重。②江苏生态保护红线主要由湿地、林草地、农用地等地类构成,红线核心区以湿地为主,廊道与节点则以农用地为主。生态保护红线可根据源地景观规模分为3级,其中I级EPRL占比达72.87%,可基本代表核心红线图斑。③生态廊道与生态节点的设置有助于提高生境图斑的连通性,江苏省生态廊道共47条,包括33条关键生态廊道与14条潜在生态廊道,总长度分别为1296.27km、1726.33km。研究结果可为长江中下游平原的生态保护红线划定创新思路,并希冀对生态保护红线制度约束下的国土空间管控与管制制度改革具有借鉴价值。
基金supported financially by the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Innovation Grant (Nos. 17JC1400600 and 17JC1400603)Distinguished Professor Program of Shanghai University of Engineering Science。
文摘This work characterizes microstructural evolutions of electron beam melted(EBM) Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy modified via laser shock peening(LSP).The depth stress distribution and tensile properties of EBM Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy were measured before and after LSP.The results indicate that microstructure consists of β phase with 7.2%±0.4% vol.% and balance α lamellar in EBM sample,and the α lamella was refined into nano-equiaxed grains and submicro-equiaxed grains after LSP.The dominant refinement mechanism is revealed during LSP.Stacking faults were found in the LSP-treated sample,and their corresponding planes were determined as(0001) basal plane,(1010) prismatic plane,and(1011) pyramidal plane obtained by high resolution transmission electron microscopy.The subgrains and high-angle grains formed during dynamic recrystallization were identified by selected area electron diffraction pattern.The LSP treatment produces a significantly residual compressive stress approximately-380 MPa with the depth of compressive stress layer reaching 450 μm.Strength and elongation of the EBM sample were significantly increased after LSP.The strength and ductility enhancements are attributed to compre s sive stress,grain refinement and grain gradient distribution of α phase.
基金support from diverse funding sources,including the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST),Yifang Wang's Science Studio of the Ten Thousand Talents Project,the CAS Key Foreign Cooperation Grant,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,the CAS Focused Science Grant,the IHEP Innovation Grant,the CAS Lead Special Training Programthe CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics,the CAS International Partnership Program,and the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
文摘The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international partners.The complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs factory.In its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs bosons.Increasing the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of magnitude.This Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering aspects.Additionally,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection procedures.Construction is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 years.The commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.
文摘Background:Severe burn sepsis can lead to high mortality. We explored the valuable prognostic indicators for severe burn sepsis with inhalation lesion. Methods:Thirty-eight severe burn patients with sepsis who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from August 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 22 patients were assigned to the death group and 16 patients to the survival group. Their general information, vital signs, and blood index including serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at admission, diagnosis of sepsis, and 1-week post-diagnosis of sepsis were compared. Results:Patients in the death group were older and had lower platelet count (PLT) at diagnosis of sepsis and 1-week post-diagnosis as well as higher PCT level at 1-week post-diagnosis than patients in the survival group (all p<0.05). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the above four indicators could be used to predict the prognosis, and the area under the curve (AUC) of PLT at diagnosis and 1-week post-diagnosis was larger (0.888 and 0.911), and PLT at diagnosis had the highest sensitivity and specificity (0.842 and 0.937). In addition, these patients were divided into two groups by the optimal cutoff age of 38 years. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis and COX regression analysis, only age group and PLT at diagnosis were statistically significant (all p<0.05). The risk of death in the older group was 28 times higher than that in the younger group, and the risk of death increased by 3%for each unit reduction in PLT at diagnosis. Moreover, age group was an independent factor affecting the patients' survival (β=?1.370, p=0.026). Considering the survival time after sepsis, the mortality risk was lower for patients in the older group than for patients in the younger group (hazard ratio (HR)=0.254, 95%confidence interval (CI) 0.076–0.851). Conclusion:Age, PLT at diagnosis of sepsis, and 1-week post-diagnosis as well as PCT level
基金National Social Science Fund of China,No.19ZDA096National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971234,No.41971235+1 种基金Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province,No.KYCX21_0039Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection,Ministry of Natural Resources,No.2021CZEPK07。
文摘As the world’s largest developing country,the ability of China’s agricultural resource utilization to effectively support the current and future food security goals has been affected by a variety of factors(e.g.,transformed supply channels,tightening international situation and frequent emergencies)in recent years and has attracted extensive attention from the academic community subject to multiple factors.This study uses literature review,statistical analysis,and spatial analysis methods to systematically explore China’s food security situation in the context of farmland resource constraints.It is found that the demand-side pressures such as demographic changes,social class differentiation,and dietary structure adjustments derived from economic growth and rapid urbanization have placed extremely high expectations on food supply.However,the quantitative restrictions,utilization ways,and health risks of farmland resources on the supply side constitute a huge hidden concern that affects the stability of food production.Although China’s farmland protection system is undergoing a transition from focusing on quantity management to sustainable use,the matching and coordinating demand pressure and supply capacity for food security is unbalanced.Therefore,facing uncertain future development scenarios,policymakers should focus on building a resilient space for China’s farmland protection to withstand the interference of major emergencies.The existing farmland protection space policy can be integrated by establishing a national farmland strategic reserve system(based on resilient space),and further development of targeted use control measures for zoning,grading,and classification will help realize sustainable China’s farmland resources use.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2022YFF1203005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22237005,81903458,82273425)+1 种基金Innovative research team of high-level local universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZDCX20212700,China)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M660090)。
文摘Pancreatic cancer,one of the most aggressive malignancies,has no effective treatment due to the lack of targets and drugs related to tumour metastasis.SIRT6 can promote the migration of pancreatic cancer and could be a potential target for antimetastasis of pancreatic cancer.However,highly selective and potency SIRT6 inhibitor that can be used in vivo is yet to be discovered.Here,we developed a noveSIRT6 allosteric inhibitor,compound 11e,with maximal inhibitory potency and an IC_(50) value of 0.98±0.13μmol/L.Moreover,compound 11e exhibited significant selectivity against other histone deacetylases(HADC1-11 and SIRT1-3)at concentrations up to 100μmol/L.The allosteric site and the molecular mechanism of inhibition were extensively elucidated by cocrystal complex structure and dynamic structural analyses.Importantly,we confirmed the antimetastatic function of such inhibitors in four pancreatic cancer cell lines as well as in two mouse models of pancreatic cancer liver metastasis.To our knowledge,this is the first study to reveal the in vivo effects of SIRT6 inhibitors on liver metastatic pancreatic cancer.It not only provides a promising lead compound for subsequent inhibitor developmentargeting SIRT6 but also provides a potential approach to address the challenge of metastasis in pancreatic cancer.
