Non-flow aqueous zinc-bromine batteries without auxiliary components(e.g.,pumps,pipes,storage tanks)and ion-selective membranes represent a cost-effective and promising technology for large-scale energy storage.Unfort...Non-flow aqueous zinc-bromine batteries without auxiliary components(e.g.,pumps,pipes,storage tanks)and ion-selective membranes represent a cost-effective and promising technology for large-scale energy storage.Unfortunately,they generally suffer from serious diffusion and shuttle of polybromide(Br^(-),Br^(3-))due to the weak physical adsorption between soluble polybromide and host carbon materials,which results in low energy efficiency and poor cycling stability.Here,we develop a novel self-capture organic bromine material(1,10-bis[3-(trimethylammonio)propyl]-4,4'-bipyridinium bromine,NVBr4)to successfully realize reversible solid complexation of bromide components for stable non-flow zinc-bromine battery applications.The quaternary ammonium groups(NV^(4+)ions)can effectively capture the soluble polybromide species based on strong chemical interaction and realize reversible solid complexation confined within the porous electrodes,which transforms the conventional“liquid-liquid”conversion of soluble bromide components into“liquid-solid”model and effectively suppresses the shuttle effect.Thereby,the developed non-flow zinc-bromide battery provides an outstanding voltage platform at 1.7 V with a notable specific capacity of 325 mAh g^(-1)NVBr4(1 A g^(-1)),excellent rate capability(200 mAh g^(-1)NVBr4 at 20 A g^(-1)),outstanding energy density of 469.6 Wh kg^(-1)and super-stable cycle life(20,000 cycles with 100%Coulombic efficiency),which outperforms most of reported zinc-halogen batteries.Further mechanism analysis and DFT calculations demonstrate that the chemical interaction of quaternary ammonium groups and bromide species is the main reason for suppressing the shuttle effect.The developed strategy can be extended to other halogen batteries to obtain stable charge storage.展开更多
This paper is devoted to study a class of stochastic Volterra equations driven by fractional Brownian motion. We first prove the Driver type integration by parts formula and the shift Harnack type inequalities. As a d...This paper is devoted to study a class of stochastic Volterra equations driven by fractional Brownian motion. We first prove the Driver type integration by parts formula and the shift Harnack type inequalities. As a direct application, we provide an alternative method to describe the regularities of the law of the solution. Secondly, by using the Malliavin calculus, the Bismut type derivative formula is established, which is then applied to the study of the gradient estimate and the strong Feller property. Finally, we establish the Talagrand type transportation cost inequalities for the law of the solution on the path space with respect to both the uniform metric and the L^2-metric.展开更多
CO_(2) is the main source of greenhouse emission,and the environment problem caused by greenhouse effect has drawn worldwide attention.In most oilfields in China,a method of waterflooding is usually used to enhance oi...CO_(2) is the main source of greenhouse emission,and the environment problem caused by greenhouse effect has drawn worldwide attention.In most oilfields in China,a method of waterflooding is usually used to enhance oil recovery,which is favorable to carry out CO_(2) injection study.The CO_(2) injection in the water-flooded oilfields can not only store CO_(2),but also enhance the oil recovery.In this article,the coreflooding tests with refined oil were conducted to investigate CO_(2) displacement characteristic in watersaturated formation under different injection rate and water-flooded oil reservoir under different formation pressure and oil saturation,then the CO_(2) storage capacity was calculated.The testing result shows that the displacement efficiency increases with the rise of the CO_(2) injection rate,and the CO_(2) injection can enhance the oil recovery about 15%OOIP under the experimental condition.When injecting CO_(2) after the waterflooding,the CO_(2) storage capacity increases as the rise of the formation pressure.The core-flooding tests also indicate that when the initial oil saturation of reservoir prior CO_(2) injection is higher,the oil recovery will be higher when injecting the same pore volume(PV)of CO_(2),and the CO_(2) storage capacity will be larger.展开更多
基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(grant number:2019A1515011819,2021B1515120004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005207)Open Research Fund of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory(2021SLABFN04).
文摘Non-flow aqueous zinc-bromine batteries without auxiliary components(e.g.,pumps,pipes,storage tanks)and ion-selective membranes represent a cost-effective and promising technology for large-scale energy storage.Unfortunately,they generally suffer from serious diffusion and shuttle of polybromide(Br^(-),Br^(3-))due to the weak physical adsorption between soluble polybromide and host carbon materials,which results in low energy efficiency and poor cycling stability.Here,we develop a novel self-capture organic bromine material(1,10-bis[3-(trimethylammonio)propyl]-4,4'-bipyridinium bromine,NVBr4)to successfully realize reversible solid complexation of bromide components for stable non-flow zinc-bromine battery applications.The quaternary ammonium groups(NV^(4+)ions)can effectively capture the soluble polybromide species based on strong chemical interaction and realize reversible solid complexation confined within the porous electrodes,which transforms the conventional“liquid-liquid”conversion of soluble bromide components into“liquid-solid”model and effectively suppresses the shuttle effect.Thereby,the developed non-flow zinc-bromide battery provides an outstanding voltage platform at 1.7 V with a notable specific capacity of 325 mAh g^(-1)NVBr4(1 A g^(-1)),excellent rate capability(200 mAh g^(-1)NVBr4 at 20 A g^(-1)),outstanding energy density of 469.6 Wh kg^(-1)and super-stable cycle life(20,000 cycles with 100%Coulombic efficiency),which outperforms most of reported zinc-halogen batteries.Further mechanism analysis and DFT calculations demonstrate that the chemical interaction of quaternary ammonium groups and bromide species is the main reason for suppressing the shuttle effect.The developed strategy can be extended to other halogen batteries to obtain stable charge storage.
基金Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Professor Feng-Yu Wang for his encouragement and comments that have led to improvements of the manuscript and the referees for helpful comments and corrections. This work was supported in part by the Research Project of Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincial Universities （Grant No. K32013A134）, the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province （Grant No. 1508085QA03）, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 11371029）.
文摘This paper is devoted to study a class of stochastic Volterra equations driven by fractional Brownian motion. We first prove the Driver type integration by parts formula and the shift Harnack type inequalities. As a direct application, we provide an alternative method to describe the regularities of the law of the solution. Secondly, by using the Malliavin calculus, the Bismut type derivative formula is established, which is then applied to the study of the gradient estimate and the strong Feller property. Finally, we establish the Talagrand type transportation cost inequalities for the law of the solution on the path space with respect to both the uniform metric and the L^2-metric.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Pro-gramof China(973 Program)(2011CB707300)National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2017ZX05070002).
文摘CO_(2) is the main source of greenhouse emission,and the environment problem caused by greenhouse effect has drawn worldwide attention.In most oilfields in China,a method of waterflooding is usually used to enhance oil recovery,which is favorable to carry out CO_(2) injection study.The CO_(2) injection in the water-flooded oilfields can not only store CO_(2),but also enhance the oil recovery.In this article,the coreflooding tests with refined oil were conducted to investigate CO_(2) displacement characteristic in watersaturated formation under different injection rate and water-flooded oil reservoir under different formation pressure and oil saturation,then the CO_(2) storage capacity was calculated.The testing result shows that the displacement efficiency increases with the rise of the CO_(2) injection rate,and the CO_(2) injection can enhance the oil recovery about 15%OOIP under the experimental condition.When injecting CO_(2) after the waterflooding,the CO_(2) storage capacity increases as the rise of the formation pressure.The core-flooding tests also indicate that when the initial oil saturation of reservoir prior CO_(2) injection is higher,the oil recovery will be higher when injecting the same pore volume(PV)of CO_(2),and the CO_(2) storage capacity will be larger.
