Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide.Although many studies have focused on oncogene characteristics,the genomic landscape of Chinese HCC patients has not been fu...Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide.Although many studies have focused on oncogene characteristics,the genomic landscape of Chinese HCC patients has not been fully clarified.Methods:A total of 165 HCC patients,including 146 males and 19 females,were enrolled.The median age was 55 years(range,27-78 years).Corresponding clinical and pathological information was collected for further analysis.A total of 168 tumor tissues from these patients were selected for next-generation sequencing(NGS)-based 450 panel gene sequencing.Genomic alterations including single nucleotide variations(SNV),short and long insertions and deletions(InDels),copy number variations,and gene rearrangements were analyzed.Tumor mutational burden(TMB)was measured by an algorithm developed in-house.The top quartile of HCC was classified as TMB high.Results:A total of 1,004 genomic alterations were detected from 258 genes in 168 HCC tissues.TMB values were identified in 160 HCC specimens,with a median TMB of 5.4 Muts/Mb(range,0-28.4 Muts/Mb)and a 75%TMB of 7.7 Muts/Mb.The most commonly mutated genes were TP53,TERT,CTNNB1,AXIN1,RB1,TSC2,CCND1,ARID1A,and FGF19.SNV was the most common mutation type and C:G>T:A and guanine transformation were the most common SNVs.Compared to wild-type patients,the proportion of Edmondson grade III-IV and microvascular invasion was significantly higher in TP53 mutated patients(P<0.05).The proportion of tumors invading the hepatic capsule was significantly higher in TERT mutated patients(P<0.05).The proportion of Edmondson grade I-II,alpha fetoprotein(AFP)<25μmg/L,and those without a history of hepatitis B was significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients(P<0.05).CTNNB1 mutations were associated with TMB high in HCC patients(P<0.05).Based on correlation analysis,the mutation of TP53 was independently correlated with microvascular invasion(P=0.002,OR=3.096)and Edmondson grade III-IV(P=0.008,OR=2.613).The mutation of TERT was independently correlated with tumor inva展开更多
Three pairs of enantiomerically pure alkaloids with diverse structure features, named isatindigoticoic acid A and epiisatindigoticoic acid A [(—)-1 and(+)-1], phaitanthrin A and epiphaitanthrin A [(—)-2 and(+)-2], a...Three pairs of enantiomerically pure alkaloids with diverse structure features, named isatindigoticoic acid A and epiisatindigoticoic acid A [(—)-1 and(+)-1], phaitanthrin A and epiphaitanthrin A [(—)-2 and(+)-2], and isatindopyrromizol A and epiisatindopyrromizol A [(—)-3and(+)-3], respectively, were isolated from an aqueous extract of the roots of Isatis indigotica. Racemic and scalemic mixtures of these enantiomers were separated by HPLC on a chiral semi-preparative column.Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis in conjunction with the calculation of electronic circular dichroism(ECD) spectra. The enantiomer pairs possess parent structures of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid, indolo[2,1-b]quinazolinone, and 3-thioxohexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazol-1-one, respectively. Except for phaitanthrin A[(—)-2] which the configuration was previously undetermined, these compounds are new enantiomeric natural products.展开更多
Albino mutants are useful genetic resource for studying chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development and cloning genes involved in these processes in plants. Here we report a novel rice mutant low temperature ...Albino mutants are useful genetic resource for studying chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development and cloning genes involved in these processes in plants. Here we report a novel rice mutant low temperature albino I （ltal） that showed albino leaves before 4-leaf stage when grown under temperature lower than 20℃, but developed normal green leaves under temperature higher than 24℃ or similar morphological phenotypes in dark as did the wild-type （WT）. Our analysis showed that the contents of chlorophylls and chlo- rophyll precursors were remarkably decreased in the Ital mutant under low temperature compared to WT. Transmission electron microscope observation revealed that chloroplasts were defectively developed in the albino ltal leaves, which lacked of well-stacked granum and contained less stroma lamellae. These results suggested that the ltal mutation may delay the light-induced thylakoid assembly under low temperature. Genetic analysis indicated that the albino phenotype was controlled by a single recessive locus. Through map-based approach, we finally located the Ltal gene to a region of 40.3 kb on the short arm of chromosome 11. There are 8 predicted open reading frames （ORFs） in this region and two of them were deleted in ltal genome compared with the WT genome. The further characterization of the Ltal gene would provide a good approach to uncover the novel molecular mechanisms involved in chloroplast development under low temperature stress.展开更多
A new approach to produce superfine WC-Co powder by direct reduction and carbonization is proposed. Water-soluble salts containing W and Co were used as raw materials. Tungsten and cobalt oxide powder （CoWO4/WO3） wa...A new approach to produce superfine WC-Co powder by direct reduction and carbonization is proposed. Water-soluble salts containing W and Co were used as raw materials. Tungsten and cobalt oxide powder （CoWO4/WO3） was first formed by a spray-pyrolysis technique, which was then mixed with carbon black and converted to WC-Co composite powder at 950℃ for 4 h in N2 atmosphere. The resulting powder has a particle size of 100-300 nm.展开更多
Three phthalide-derived analogues,oxaspiroangelioic acids A–C(1–3),were isolated as minor components of an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root heads(guitou).Oxaspiroangelioic acids A and B were racemates s...Three phthalide-derived analogues,oxaspiroangelioic acids A–C(1–3),were isolated as minor components of an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root heads(guitou).Oxaspiroangelioic acids A and B were racemates separated into enantiomers by chiral HPLC.Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic data analysis,single crystal X-ray diffraction,exciton chirality method [7_(T)D$IF]and electronic circular dichroism(ECD) calculation.These compounds share an undescribed carbon skeleton,for which biosynthetic pathways are proposed.Compound 1 and its enantiomers showed almost identical activity inhibiting Tandem of P domains in a weak inwardly rectifying K^(+)channel 1(TREK-1).展开更多
文摘Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide.Although many studies have focused on oncogene characteristics,the genomic landscape of Chinese HCC patients has not been fully clarified.Methods:A total of 165 HCC patients,including 146 males and 19 females,were enrolled.The median age was 55 years(range,27-78 years).Corresponding clinical and pathological information was collected for further analysis.A total of 168 tumor tissues from these patients were selected for next-generation sequencing(NGS)-based 450 panel gene sequencing.Genomic alterations including single nucleotide variations(SNV),short and long insertions and deletions(InDels),copy number variations,and gene rearrangements were analyzed.Tumor mutational burden(TMB)was measured by an algorithm developed in-house.The top quartile of HCC was classified as TMB high.Results:A total of 1,004 genomic alterations were detected from 258 genes in 168 HCC tissues.TMB values were identified in 160 HCC specimens,with a median TMB of 5.4 Muts/Mb(range,0-28.4 Muts/Mb)and a 75%TMB of 7.7 Muts/Mb.The most commonly mutated genes were TP53,TERT,CTNNB1,AXIN1,RB1,TSC2,CCND1,ARID1A,and FGF19.SNV was the most common mutation type and C:G>T:A and guanine transformation were the most common SNVs.Compared to wild-type patients,the proportion of Edmondson grade III-IV and microvascular invasion was significantly higher in TP53 mutated patients(P<0.05).The proportion of tumors invading the hepatic capsule was significantly higher in TERT mutated patients(P<0.05).The proportion of Edmondson grade I-II,alpha fetoprotein(AFP)<25μmg/L,and those without a history of hepatitis B was significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients(P<0.05).CTNNB1 mutations were associated with TMB high in HCC patients(P<0.05).Based on correlation analysis,the mutation of TP53 was independently correlated with microvascular invasion(P=0.002,OR=3.096)and Edmondson grade III-IV(P=0.008,OR=2.613).The mutation of TERT was independently correlated with tumor inva
基金Financial support from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NNSFC Grant Nos. 81373287 and 30825044)+1 种基金the Beijing Excellent Talent Training Project (Grant No. 2013D009008000002)the National Science and Technology Project of China (Nos. 2012ZX09301002-002 and 2011ZX0 9307002-01)
文摘Three pairs of enantiomerically pure alkaloids with diverse structure features, named isatindigoticoic acid A and epiisatindigoticoic acid A [(—)-1 and(+)-1], phaitanthrin A and epiphaitanthrin A [(—)-2 and(+)-2], and isatindopyrromizol A and epiisatindopyrromizol A [(—)-3and(+)-3], respectively, were isolated from an aqueous extract of the roots of Isatis indigotica. Racemic and scalemic mixtures of these enantiomers were separated by HPLC on a chiral semi-preparative column.Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis in conjunction with the calculation of electronic circular dichroism(ECD) spectra. The enantiomer pairs possess parent structures of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid, indolo[2,1-b]quinazolinone, and 3-thioxohexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazol-1-one, respectively. Except for phaitanthrin A[(—)-2] which the configuration was previously undetermined, these compounds are new enantiomeric natural products.
基金supported by the grants from the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2009CB119000)the Ministry of Agriculture of China for Transgenic Research (Nos.2011ZX08009-003,2011ZX08001-005)the National Science Foundation of China(Nos.31000094,30970246, 31100188 and 31161130533)
文摘Albino mutants are useful genetic resource for studying chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development and cloning genes involved in these processes in plants. Here we report a novel rice mutant low temperature albino I （ltal） that showed albino leaves before 4-leaf stage when grown under temperature lower than 20℃, but developed normal green leaves under temperature higher than 24℃ or similar morphological phenotypes in dark as did the wild-type （WT）. Our analysis showed that the contents of chlorophylls and chlo- rophyll precursors were remarkably decreased in the Ital mutant under low temperature compared to WT. Transmission electron microscope observation revealed that chloroplasts were defectively developed in the albino ltal leaves, which lacked of well-stacked granum and contained less stroma lamellae. These results suggested that the ltal mutation may delay the light-induced thylakoid assembly under low temperature. Genetic analysis indicated that the albino phenotype was controlled by a single recessive locus. Through map-based approach, we finally located the Ltal gene to a region of 40.3 kb on the short arm of chromosome 11. There are 8 predicted open reading frames （ORFs） in this region and two of them were deleted in ltal genome compared with the WT genome. The further characterization of the Ltal gene would provide a good approach to uncover the novel molecular mechanisms involved in chloroplast development under low temperature stress.
基金This work is sponsored by the National High—Tech Research and Development Pr0gram of China(863 Pr0gram)(special subject for nano—materials)(Grant No．2O02AA3O25O4，2002—2005)the Key Project for the Sci．＆ Tlech．Development Program of Wuhan．Hubei，China(Grant No．20041 003068一O4，2004—2006)+1 种基金the NationaI NaturaI Science Foundation of China(Key Pr0gram)(Grant No．50220160657，2003—2005) Key Project of Ministry of Education of China(2005—2006)．
文摘A new approach to produce superfine WC-Co powder by direct reduction and carbonization is proposed. Water-soluble salts containing W and Co were used as raw materials. Tungsten and cobalt oxide powder （CoWO4/WO3） was first formed by a spray-pyrolysis technique, which was then mixed with carbon black and converted to WC-Co composite powder at 950℃ for 4 h in N2 atmosphere. The resulting powder has a particle size of 100-300 nm.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No.81630094)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Science (No.2017-I2M-3-010, China)The Drug Innovation Major Project (Nos.2018ZX09711001-004 and 2018ZX09711001-001, China)。
文摘Three phthalide-derived analogues,oxaspiroangelioic acids A–C(1–3),were isolated as minor components of an aqueous extract of the Angelica sinensis root heads(guitou).Oxaspiroangelioic acids A and B were racemates separated into enantiomers by chiral HPLC.Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic data analysis,single crystal X-ray diffraction,exciton chirality method [7_(T)D$IF]and electronic circular dichroism(ECD) calculation.These compounds share an undescribed carbon skeleton,for which biosynthetic pathways are proposed.Compound 1 and its enantiomers showed almost identical activity inhibiting Tandem of P domains in a weak inwardly rectifying K^(+)channel 1(TREK-1).
