The combination patterns and depositional characteristics of the carbonate banks are investigated based on outcrop sections, thin sections, and carbon isotopes of Ordovician in the western Tarim Basin, China. Four car...The combination patterns and depositional characteristics of the carbonate banks are investigated based on outcrop sections, thin sections, and carbon isotopes of Ordovician in the western Tarim Basin, China. Four carbonate bank combination patterns are deposited in the Ordovician, western Tarim Basin, including： Reef-Bank Complex （RBC）, Algae-Reef-Bank Interbed （ARBI）, Thick-Layer Cake Aggradation Bank （TLCAB）, and Thin-Layer Cake Retrogradation Bank （TLCRB）. All combination patterns show clear periods vertically. The RBC is mainly composed of reefs and bioclastic banks, and the dimension of the RBC depends on the scale of the reefs. Bioclastic banks deposits surround the reefs. The range of the ARBI is determined by the scale of algae-reefs, algae peloid dolomite microfacies and algal dolomite microfacies deposit alternating vertically. TLCAB and TLCRB are deposited as layer-cakes stacking in cycles and extending widely with cross bedding developed. The grains of TLCAB and TLCRB are diverse and multi-source. With the impacting of relative sea level change, biological development and geomorphology, the ARBI, TLCAB or TLCRB, RBC are successively developed from the Lower Ordovician Penglaiba Formation to the Middle Ordovician Yijianfang Formation. The depositional environment analysis of Ordovician indicates that the RBC and ARBI can form effective oil and gas reservoirs, and the TLCAB and TLCRB have the potential to form the huge scale oil and gas reservoirs and to be the crucial targets of exploration for the Ordovician carbonate banks in the future.展开更多
Titanium-based scaffolds are widely used implant materials for bone defect treatment.However,the unmatched biomechanics and poor bioactivities of conventional titanium-based implants usually lead to insufficient bone ...Titanium-based scaffolds are widely used implant materials for bone defect treatment.However,the unmatched biomechanics and poor bioactivities of conventional titanium-based implants usually lead to insufficient bone integration.To tackle these challenges,it is critical to develop novel titanium-based scaffolds that meet the bioadaptive requirements for load-bearing critical bone defects.Herein,inspired by the microstructure and mechanical properties of natural bone tissue,we developed a Ti-6Al-4V alloy(TC4)/gelatin methacrylate(GelMA)hybrid scaffold with dual bionic features(GMPT)for bone defect repair.GMPT is composed of a hard 3D-printed porous TC4 metal scaffold(PT)backbone,which mimics the microstructure and mechanical properties of natural cancellous bone,and a soft GelMA hydrogel matrix infiltrated into the pores of PT that mimics the microenvironment of the extracellular matrix.Ascribed to the unique dual bionic design,the resultant GMPT demonstrates better osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities than PT,as confirmed by the in vitro and rabbit radius bone defect experimental results.Moreover,controlling the concentration of GelMA(10%)in GMPT can further improve the osteogenesis and angiogenesis of GMPT.The fundamental mechanisms were revealed by RNA-Seq analysis,which showed that the concentration of GelMA significantly influenced the expression of osteogenesis-and angiogenesis-related genes via the Pi3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.The results of this work indicate that our dual bionic implant design represents a promising strategy for the restoration of large bone defects.展开更多
A long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)is longer than 200 bp.It regulates various biological processes mainly by interacting with DNA,RNA,or protein in multiple kinds of biological processes.Adenosine monophosphate-activated pro...A long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)is longer than 200 bp.It regulates various biological processes mainly by interacting with DNA,RNA,or protein in multiple kinds of biological processes.Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)is activated during nutrient starvation,especially glucose starvation and oxygen deficiency(hypoxia),and exposure to toxins that inhibit mitochondrial respiratory chain complex function.AMPK is an energy switch in organisms that controls cell growth and multiple cellular processes,including lipid and glucose metabolism,thereby maintaining intracellular energy homeostasis by activating catabolism and inhibiting anabolism.The AMPK signalling pathway consists of AMPK and its upstream and downstream targets.AMPK upstream targets include proteins such as the transforming growth factor b-activated kinase 1(TAK1),liver kinase B1(LKB1),and calcium/calmodulindependent protein kinase b(CaMKKb),and its downstream targets include proteins such as the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)complex 1(mTORC1),hepatocyte nuclear factor 4a(HNF4a),and silencing information regulatory 1(SIRT1).In general,proteins function relatively independently and cooperate.In this article,a review of the currently known lncRNAs involved in the AMPK signalling pathway is presented and insights into the regulatory mechanisms involved in human ageing and age-related diseases are provided.展开更多
In this work,a series of BiOBr nanoplates with oxygen vacancies(OVs)were synthesized by a solvothermal method using a water/ethylene glycol solution.The number of OVs and facets of BiOBr were tuned by changing the wat...In this work,a series of BiOBr nanoplates with oxygen vacancies(OVs)were synthesized by a solvothermal method using a water/ethylene glycol solution.The number of OVs and facets of BiOBr were tuned by changing the water/ethylene glycol ratio.Although the role of OVs in photocatalysis has been investigated,the underlying mechanisms of charge transfer and reactant activation remain unknown.To unravel the effect of OVs on the reactant activation and photocatalytic NO oxidation process,in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy,so‐called DRIFTS,and theoretical calculations were performed and their results combined.The photocatalytic efficiency of the as‐prepared BiOBr was significantly increased by increasing the amount of OVs.The oxygen vacancies had several effects on the photocatalysts,including the introduction of intermediate energy levels that enhanced light absorption,promoted electron transfer,acted as active sites for catalytic reaction and the activation of oxygen molecules,and facilitated the conversion of the intermediate products to the final product,thus increasing the overall visible light photocatalysis efficiency.The present work provides new insights into the understanding of the role of OVs in photocatalysts and the mechanism of photocatalytic NO oxidation.展开更多
Ultraviolet(UV)imaging enables a diverse array of applications,such as material composition analysis,biological fluorescence imaging,and detecting defects in semiconductor manufacturing.However,scientific-grade UV cam...Ultraviolet(UV)imaging enables a diverse array of applications,such as material composition analysis,biological fluorescence imaging,and detecting defects in semiconductor manufacturing.However,scientific-grade UV cameras with high quantum efficiency are expensive and include complex thermoelectric cooling systems.Here,we demonstrate a UV computational ghost imaging(UV-CGI)method to provide a cost-effective UV imaging and detection strategy.By applying spatial–temporal illumination patterns and using a 325 nm laser source,a singlepixel detector is enough to reconstruct the images of objects.We use UV-CGI to distinguish four UV-sensitive sunscreen areas with different densities on a sample.Furthermore,we demonstrate dark-field UV-CGI in both transmission and reflection schemes.By only collecting the scattered light from objects,we can detect the edges of pure phase objects and small scratches on a compact disc.Our results showcase a feasible low-cost solution for nondestructive UV imaging and detection.By combining it with other imaging techniques,such as hyperspectral imaging or time-resolved imaging,a compact and versatile UV computational imaging platform may be realized for future applications.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant(41102087)the Key Project of the National Science & Technology grant(2011ZX05005-002-010HZ,2011ZX05009-002)+1 种基金National Basic Research Program of China grant (2012CB214802)the Special Foundation for Doctoral Subjects in China University of Geosciences(Beijing) grant(2011PY0199)
文摘The combination patterns and depositional characteristics of the carbonate banks are investigated based on outcrop sections, thin sections, and carbon isotopes of Ordovician in the western Tarim Basin, China. Four carbonate bank combination patterns are deposited in the Ordovician, western Tarim Basin, including： Reef-Bank Complex （RBC）, Algae-Reef-Bank Interbed （ARBI）, Thick-Layer Cake Aggradation Bank （TLCAB）, and Thin-Layer Cake Retrogradation Bank （TLCRB）. All combination patterns show clear periods vertically. The RBC is mainly composed of reefs and bioclastic banks, and the dimension of the RBC depends on the scale of the reefs. Bioclastic banks deposits surround the reefs. The range of the ARBI is determined by the scale of algae-reefs, algae peloid dolomite microfacies and algal dolomite microfacies deposit alternating vertically. TLCAB and TLCRB are deposited as layer-cakes stacking in cycles and extending widely with cross bedding developed. The grains of TLCAB and TLCRB are diverse and multi-source. With the impacting of relative sea level change, biological development and geomorphology, the ARBI, TLCAB or TLCRB, RBC are successively developed from the Lower Ordovician Penglaiba Formation to the Middle Ordovician Yijianfang Formation. The depositional environment analysis of Ordovician indicates that the RBC and ARBI can form effective oil and gas reservoirs, and the TLCAB and TLCRB have the potential to form the huge scale oil and gas reservoirs and to be the crucial targets of exploration for the Ordovician carbonate banks in the future.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31700880,81972126)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2020A1515010827)+3 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou city(201803010106)The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M652957)Science and Technology Planning Project of Jiangmen City(2019030102490013068)the High-level Hospital Construction Project(KJ012019100)for financial support.
文摘Titanium-based scaffolds are widely used implant materials for bone defect treatment.However,the unmatched biomechanics and poor bioactivities of conventional titanium-based implants usually lead to insufficient bone integration.To tackle these challenges,it is critical to develop novel titanium-based scaffolds that meet the bioadaptive requirements for load-bearing critical bone defects.Herein,inspired by the microstructure and mechanical properties of natural bone tissue,we developed a Ti-6Al-4V alloy(TC4)/gelatin methacrylate(GelMA)hybrid scaffold with dual bionic features(GMPT)for bone defect repair.GMPT is composed of a hard 3D-printed porous TC4 metal scaffold(PT)backbone,which mimics the microstructure and mechanical properties of natural cancellous bone,and a soft GelMA hydrogel matrix infiltrated into the pores of PT that mimics the microenvironment of the extracellular matrix.Ascribed to the unique dual bionic design,the resultant GMPT demonstrates better osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities than PT,as confirmed by the in vitro and rabbit radius bone defect experimental results.Moreover,controlling the concentration of GelMA(10%)in GMPT can further improve the osteogenesis and angiogenesis of GMPT.The fundamental mechanisms were revealed by RNA-Seq analysis,which showed that the concentration of GelMA significantly influenced the expression of osteogenesis-and angiogenesis-related genes via the Pi3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.The results of this work indicate that our dual bionic implant design represents a promising strategy for the restoration of large bone defects.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC31972777)the China Scholarship Council(No.202106915017).
文摘A long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)is longer than 200 bp.It regulates various biological processes mainly by interacting with DNA,RNA,or protein in multiple kinds of biological processes.Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)is activated during nutrient starvation,especially glucose starvation and oxygen deficiency(hypoxia),and exposure to toxins that inhibit mitochondrial respiratory chain complex function.AMPK is an energy switch in organisms that controls cell growth and multiple cellular processes,including lipid and glucose metabolism,thereby maintaining intracellular energy homeostasis by activating catabolism and inhibiting anabolism.The AMPK signalling pathway consists of AMPK and its upstream and downstream targets.AMPK upstream targets include proteins such as the transforming growth factor b-activated kinase 1(TAK1),liver kinase B1(LKB1),and calcium/calmodulindependent protein kinase b(CaMKKb),and its downstream targets include proteins such as the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)complex 1(mTORC1),hepatocyte nuclear factor 4a(HNF4a),and silencing information regulatory 1(SIRT1).In general,proteins function relatively independently and cooperate.In this article,a review of the currently known lncRNAs involved in the AMPK signalling pathway is presented and insights into the regulatory mechanisms involved in human ageing and age-related diseases are provided.
文摘In this work,a series of BiOBr nanoplates with oxygen vacancies(OVs)were synthesized by a solvothermal method using a water/ethylene glycol solution.The number of OVs and facets of BiOBr were tuned by changing the water/ethylene glycol ratio.Although the role of OVs in photocatalysis has been investigated,the underlying mechanisms of charge transfer and reactant activation remain unknown.To unravel the effect of OVs on the reactant activation and photocatalytic NO oxidation process,in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy,so‐called DRIFTS,and theoretical calculations were performed and their results combined.The photocatalytic efficiency of the as‐prepared BiOBr was significantly increased by increasing the amount of OVs.The oxygen vacancies had several effects on the photocatalysts,including the introduction of intermediate energy levels that enhanced light absorption,promoted electron transfer,acted as active sites for catalytic reaction and the activation of oxygen molecules,and facilitated the conversion of the intermediate products to the final product,thus increasing the overall visible light photocatalysis efficiency.The present work provides new insights into the understanding of the role of OVs in photocatalysts and the mechanism of photocatalytic NO oxidation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62075004,62275010,11804018)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M720347,2022TQ0020)+2 种基金Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(4212051,1232027)International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program(YJ20220241,YJ20220037)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Ultraviolet(UV)imaging enables a diverse array of applications,such as material composition analysis,biological fluorescence imaging,and detecting defects in semiconductor manufacturing.However,scientific-grade UV cameras with high quantum efficiency are expensive and include complex thermoelectric cooling systems.Here,we demonstrate a UV computational ghost imaging(UV-CGI)method to provide a cost-effective UV imaging and detection strategy.By applying spatial–temporal illumination patterns and using a 325 nm laser source,a singlepixel detector is enough to reconstruct the images of objects.We use UV-CGI to distinguish four UV-sensitive sunscreen areas with different densities on a sample.Furthermore,we demonstrate dark-field UV-CGI in both transmission and reflection schemes.By only collecting the scattered light from objects,we can detect the edges of pure phase objects and small scratches on a compact disc.Our results showcase a feasible low-cost solution for nondestructive UV imaging and detection.By combining it with other imaging techniques,such as hyperspectral imaging or time-resolved imaging,a compact and versatile UV computational imaging platform may be realized for future applications.
