Guilin rice noodles, a unique cuisine from Guilin, Guangxi, is renowned both domestically and internationally as one of the top ten “Guilin Classics”. Utilizing a heat conduction model, this study explores the effec...Guilin rice noodles, a unique cuisine from Guilin, Guangxi, is renowned both domestically and internationally as one of the top ten “Guilin Classics”. Utilizing a heat conduction model, this study explores the effectiveness of the cooking process in sterilizing Guilin rice noodles before consumption. The model assumes that a large pot is filled with boiling water which is maintained at a constant high temperature heat resource through continuous gentle heating. And the room temperature is set as the initial temperature for the preheating process and the final temperature for the cooling process. The objective is to assess whether the cooking process achieves satisfactory sterilization results. The temperature distribution function of rice noodle with time is analytically obtained using the separation of variables method in the three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system. Meanwhile, the thermal diffusion coefficient of Guilin rice noodles is obtained in terms of Riedel’ theory. By analyzing the elimination characteristics of Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans, this study obtains the optimal time required for effective sterilization at the core of Guilin rice noodles. The results show that the potential Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans will be completely eliminated through continuously preheating more than 31 seconds during the cooking process before consumption. This study provides a valuable reference of food safety standards in the cooking process of Guilin rice noodles, particularly in ensuring the complete inactivation of potentially harmful strains such as Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans.展开更多
Pre-neutron fragment mass yields in the vicinity of the thermal neutron energy are highly important for applications because of the larger fission cross sections of the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions.In this pap...Pre-neutron fragment mass yields in the vicinity of the thermal neutron energy are highly important for applications because of the larger fission cross sections of the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions.In this paper,preneutron fragment mass yields at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV are systematically studied using an empirical fission potential(EFP)model,the potential parameters of which are obtained from the measured data.The energy dependences of the peaks and valleys of the pre-neutron fragment mass yields are described by exponential and linear functions for the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions,respectively.The energy dependences of the evaporation neutrons,which play a crucial role in the reasonable description of pre-neutron fragment mass yields,are also obtained from the fission cross sections.The pre-neutron fragment mass yields in this study are not only consistent with the results of previous studies in regions of several Me Vs but also agree well with existing measured data at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV.The results show that the feasibility of this EFP model is verified in this extended energy region.展开更多
The cross-sections for the 175Lu(n,p)175Yb,175Lu(n,α)172Tm,176Lu(n,α)173Tm,175Lu(n,2n)174mLu,and 175Lu(n,2n)174gLu reactions at 13.57,14.0314.62,and 14.86 MeV neutron energies were measured using an activation techn...The cross-sections for the 175Lu(n,p)175Yb,175Lu(n,α)172Tm,176Lu(n,α)173Tm,175Lu(n,2n)174mLu,and 175Lu(n,2n)174gLu reactions at 13.57,14.0314.62,and 14.86 MeV neutron energies were measured using an activation technique.The theoretical excitation functions of these reactions were calculated using the Talys-1.95 code.The reaction cross-section data experimentally obtained were analyzed and compared with experimental data reported in the literature,data from five major evaluated nuclear data libraries of IAEA,and theoretical values based on Talys-1.95.The data obtained at some neutron energies agree with some of the data reported in the literature and theoretical values based on Talys-1.95.The consistency of the theoretical curves of excitation functions based on Talys-1.95 with the data obtained in this study and those reported in the literature is higher than that of the evaluation curves of excitation functions for the 175Lu(n,p)175Yb,175Lu(n,α)172 Tm,and 176Lu(n,α)173Tm reactions.This study is helpful because it provides new evaluated reaction cross-section data on lutetium(which is a fusion reactor material),improves the quality of neutron-induced reaction cross section data libraries,and advances the research on related applications.展开更多
文摘Guilin rice noodles, a unique cuisine from Guilin, Guangxi, is renowned both domestically and internationally as one of the top ten “Guilin Classics”. Utilizing a heat conduction model, this study explores the effectiveness of the cooking process in sterilizing Guilin rice noodles before consumption. The model assumes that a large pot is filled with boiling water which is maintained at a constant high temperature heat resource through continuous gentle heating. And the room temperature is set as the initial temperature for the preheating process and the final temperature for the cooling process. The objective is to assess whether the cooking process achieves satisfactory sterilization results. The temperature distribution function of rice noodle with time is analytically obtained using the separation of variables method in the three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system. Meanwhile, the thermal diffusion coefficient of Guilin rice noodles is obtained in terms of Riedel’ theory. By analyzing the elimination characteristics of Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans, this study obtains the optimal time required for effective sterilization at the core of Guilin rice noodles. The results show that the potential Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans will be completely eliminated through continuously preheating more than 31 seconds during the cooking process before consumption. This study provides a valuable reference of food safety standards in the cooking process of Guilin rice noodles, particularly in ensuring the complete inactivation of potentially harmful strains such as Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12065003)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2019GXNSFDA185011)+2 种基金the Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics China Academy of Engineering Physics(2018BA03)the Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of Guilin(20210104-2)the Central Government Guides Local Scientic and Technological Development Funds of China(Guike ZY22096024)。
文摘Pre-neutron fragment mass yields in the vicinity of the thermal neutron energy are highly important for applications because of the larger fission cross sections of the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions.In this paper,preneutron fragment mass yields at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV are systematically studied using an empirical fission potential(EFP)model,the potential parameters of which are obtained from the measured data.The energy dependences of the peaks and valleys of the pre-neutron fragment mass yields are described by exponential and linear functions for the^(235)U(n,f)and^(239)Pu(n,f)reactions,respectively.The energy dependences of the evaporation neutrons,which play a crucial role in the reasonable description of pre-neutron fragment mass yields,are also obtained from the fission cross sections.The pre-neutron fragment mass yields in this study are not only consistent with the results of previous studies in regions of several Me Vs but also agree well with existing measured data at incident energies from thermal up to 20 MeV.The results show that the feasibility of this EFP model is verified in this extended energy region.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan(232300420130)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11575090)。
文摘The cross-sections for the 175Lu(n,p)175Yb,175Lu(n,α)172Tm,176Lu(n,α)173Tm,175Lu(n,2n)174mLu,and 175Lu(n,2n)174gLu reactions at 13.57,14.0314.62,and 14.86 MeV neutron energies were measured using an activation technique.The theoretical excitation functions of these reactions were calculated using the Talys-1.95 code.The reaction cross-section data experimentally obtained were analyzed and compared with experimental data reported in the literature,data from five major evaluated nuclear data libraries of IAEA,and theoretical values based on Talys-1.95.The data obtained at some neutron energies agree with some of the data reported in the literature and theoretical values based on Talys-1.95.The consistency of the theoretical curves of excitation functions based on Talys-1.95 with the data obtained in this study and those reported in the literature is higher than that of the evaluation curves of excitation functions for the 175Lu(n,p)175Yb,175Lu(n,α)172 Tm,and 176Lu(n,α)173Tm reactions.This study is helpful because it provides new evaluated reaction cross-section data on lutetium(which is a fusion reactor material),improves the quality of neutron-induced reaction cross section data libraries,and advances the research on related applications.
