African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease with a high mortality approaching 100%in domestic pigs.ASF is an endemic in countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Now,it has been spreading ...African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease with a high mortality approaching 100%in domestic pigs.ASF is an endemic in countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Now,it has been spreading to many countries,especially in Asia and Europe.Due to the fact that there is no commercial vaccine available for ASF to provide sustainable prevention,the disease has spread rapidly worldwide and caused great economic losses in swine industry.The knowledge gap of ASF virus(ASFV)pathogenesis and immune evasion is the main factor to limit the development of safe and effective ASF vaccines.Here,we will summarize the molecular mechanisms of how ASFV interferes with the host innate and adaptive immune responses.An in-depth understanding of ASFV immune evasion strategies will provide us with rational design of ASF vaccines.展开更多
Enhanced antiinfection activities, improved hemocompatibility and osteo-compatibility, and reinforced osseointegration are among the most important considerations in designing multifunctional orthopedic biomaterials.H...Enhanced antiinfection activities, improved hemocompatibility and osteo-compatibility, and reinforced osseointegration are among the most important considerations in designing multifunctional orthopedic biomaterials.Hereby, anti-infective and osteogenic multifunctional 3 D printed porous Ti6 Al4 V implant with excellent hemocompatibility was successfully designed and fabricated. In brief, osteogenic micro-arc oxidation（MAO） coatings with micro/nanoscale porous topography were generated in situ on3 D printed Ti6 Al4 V scaffolds, on which heparin and vancomycin were easily immobilized. The surface microstructure,morphology, and chemical compositions were characterized employing scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）. High loading capacity and sustained vancomycin release profiles were revealed using high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. Favorable antibacterial and antibiofilm performances against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus（S. aureus） were validated in vitro through microbial viability assays, Live/Dead bacterial staining, and crystal violet staining. Human mesenchymal stem cells（h MSCs） were seeded on the scaffolds and their proliferation and viability were assessed using Cell Counting Kit and Live/Dead cell viability kit. Further, osteoblastic differentiation abilities were evaluated using alkaline phosphatase（ALP） activity as a hall marker. Additionally, the improved hemocompatibility of the heparinized scaffolds was confirmed by activated partial thromboplastin time（APTT）, prothrombin time（PT） and thrombin time（TT）. Overall, our results show that the surface-modified 3 D printed porous Ti6 Al4 V possesses balanced antibacterial and osteogenic functions while exhibiting extra anticlotting effects, boding well for future application in customized functional reconstruction of intricate bone defects.展开更多
目的:文章从文献计量学角度分析生地黄相关研究分布、来源出版物、研究机构以及引文情况,为了解生地黄相关文献的研究热点和研究方向提供参考依据。方法:采用PubMed核心合集数据库和中国知网数据库获得文献数据,运用文献计量学的方法和C...目的:文章从文献计量学角度分析生地黄相关研究分布、来源出版物、研究机构以及引文情况,为了解生地黄相关文献的研究热点和研究方向提供参考依据。方法:采用PubMed核心合集数据库和中国知网数据库获得文献数据,运用文献计量学的方法和CiteSpace软件对有关生地黄这一研究主题的文献、期刊以及关键词等进行可视化分析。结果:近40年在生地黄领域研究热点为生地黄拥有调节免疫功能、抗衰老、促进造血、抗肿瘤、抗氧化的药效。共搜索到有效中英文文献1 071篇,其中中国知网中收录676篇,PubMed中收录395篇;在中国知网中生地黄相关文献发文量最多的作者为谢宁(28篇),在PubMed核心合集数据库中生地黄相关文献发文量最多为WANG J(13篇);中国知网中重要发文期刊为《中国实验方剂学杂志》(46篇),PubMed中重要发文期刊为《Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi》(21篇);资助文献量最多的基金为国家自然科学基金,共资助文献244篇。结论:深入了解该领域重要作者、文献、期刊、机构等信息可以获得更多突破性的成果及思路,为今后临床上的科研工作者提供理论依据。在近40年生地黄研究过程中,研究热点随着时间在不断变化,近些年来主要热点为地黄寡糖、细胞增殖、胰岛素抵抗、化学成分、药理作用等方面。目前对于生地黄研究仍有不足,各研究作者联系不强,生地黄研究主观性较强,缺乏统一标准,作用机制尚不明确,有待进一步研究以得到深入的研究数据。展开更多
The chemotherapy combined with photothermal therapy has been a favorable approach for the treatment of breast cancer.In present study,nanoparticles with the characteristics of photothermal/matrix metalloproteinase-2(M...The chemotherapy combined with photothermal therapy has been a favorable approach for the treatment of breast cancer.In present study,nanoparticles with the characteristics of photothermal/matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)dual-responsive,tumor targeting,and size-variability were designed for enhancing the antitumor efficacy and achieving"on-demand"drug release markedly.Based on the thermal sensitivity of gelatin,we designed a size-variable gelatin nanoparticle(GNP)to encapsulate indocyanine green(ICG)and doxorubicin(DOX).Under an 808 nm laser irradiation,GNP-DOX/ICG responded photothermally and swelled in size from 71.58?4.28 to 160.80?9.51 nm,which was beneficial for particle retention in the tumor sites and release of the loaded therapeutics.Additionally,GNP-DOX/ICG showed a size reduction of the particles to 33.24?4.11 nm and further improved drug release with the degradation of overexpressed MMP-2 in tumor.In the subsequently performed in vitro experiments,it was confirmed that GNP-DOX/ICG could provide a therapeutic effect that was enhanced and synergistic.Consequently,GNP-DOX/ICG could efficiently suppress the growth of 4 T1 tumor in vivo.In conclusion,this study may provide a promising strategy in the rational design of drug delivery nanosystems based on gelatin for chemo-photothermal therapy to achieve synergistically enhanced therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer.展开更多
基金This review was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 32172869).
文摘African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious and acute hemorrhagic viral disease with a high mortality approaching 100%in domestic pigs.ASF is an endemic in countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Now,it has been spreading to many countries,especially in Asia and Europe.Due to the fact that there is no commercial vaccine available for ASF to provide sustainable prevention,the disease has spread rapidly worldwide and caused great economic losses in swine industry.The knowledge gap of ASF virus(ASFV)pathogenesis and immune evasion is the main factor to limit the development of safe and effective ASF vaccines.Here,we will summarize the molecular mechanisms of how ASFV interferes with the host innate and adaptive immune responses.An in-depth understanding of ASFV immune evasion strategies will provide us with rational design of ASF vaccines.
基金the Grant from Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFB1101501)and researchfinancial support from the Beijing AKEC Medical Co.,Ltd.Medical Research Center of Peking University Third Hospital
文摘Enhanced antiinfection activities, improved hemocompatibility and osteo-compatibility, and reinforced osseointegration are among the most important considerations in designing multifunctional orthopedic biomaterials.Hereby, anti-infective and osteogenic multifunctional 3 D printed porous Ti6 Al4 V implant with excellent hemocompatibility was successfully designed and fabricated. In brief, osteogenic micro-arc oxidation（MAO） coatings with micro/nanoscale porous topography were generated in situ on3 D printed Ti6 Al4 V scaffolds, on which heparin and vancomycin were easily immobilized. The surface microstructure,morphology, and chemical compositions were characterized employing scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）. High loading capacity and sustained vancomycin release profiles were revealed using high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. Favorable antibacterial and antibiofilm performances against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus（S. aureus） were validated in vitro through microbial viability assays, Live/Dead bacterial staining, and crystal violet staining. Human mesenchymal stem cells（h MSCs） were seeded on the scaffolds and their proliferation and viability were assessed using Cell Counting Kit and Live/Dead cell viability kit. Further, osteoblastic differentiation abilities were evaluated using alkaline phosphatase（ALP） activity as a hall marker. Additionally, the improved hemocompatibility of the heparinized scaffolds was confirmed by activated partial thromboplastin time（APTT）, prothrombin time（PT） and thrombin time（TT）. Overall, our results show that the surface-modified 3 D printed porous Ti6 Al4 V possesses balanced antibacterial and osteogenic functions while exhibiting extra anticlotting effects, boding well for future application in customized functional reconstruction of intricate bone defects.
文摘目的:文章从文献计量学角度分析生地黄相关研究分布、来源出版物、研究机构以及引文情况,为了解生地黄相关文献的研究热点和研究方向提供参考依据。方法:采用PubMed核心合集数据库和中国知网数据库获得文献数据,运用文献计量学的方法和CiteSpace软件对有关生地黄这一研究主题的文献、期刊以及关键词等进行可视化分析。结果:近40年在生地黄领域研究热点为生地黄拥有调节免疫功能、抗衰老、促进造血、抗肿瘤、抗氧化的药效。共搜索到有效中英文文献1 071篇,其中中国知网中收录676篇,PubMed中收录395篇;在中国知网中生地黄相关文献发文量最多的作者为谢宁(28篇),在PubMed核心合集数据库中生地黄相关文献发文量最多为WANG J(13篇);中国知网中重要发文期刊为《中国实验方剂学杂志》(46篇),PubMed中重要发文期刊为《Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi》(21篇);资助文献量最多的基金为国家自然科学基金,共资助文献244篇。结论:深入了解该领域重要作者、文献、期刊、机构等信息可以获得更多突破性的成果及思路,为今后临床上的科研工作者提供理论依据。在近40年生地黄研究过程中,研究热点随着时间在不断变化,近些年来主要热点为地黄寡糖、细胞增殖、胰岛素抵抗、化学成分、药理作用等方面。目前对于生地黄研究仍有不足,各研究作者联系不强,生地黄研究主观性较强,缺乏统一标准,作用机制尚不明确,有待进一步研究以得到深入的研究数据。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81873014,China)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ18E030003,China)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M621890,China)the Science and Technology Innovation Team Project of Zhejiang Province(2019R410057,China)
文摘The chemotherapy combined with photothermal therapy has been a favorable approach for the treatment of breast cancer.In present study,nanoparticles with the characteristics of photothermal/matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)dual-responsive,tumor targeting,and size-variability were designed for enhancing the antitumor efficacy and achieving"on-demand"drug release markedly.Based on the thermal sensitivity of gelatin,we designed a size-variable gelatin nanoparticle(GNP)to encapsulate indocyanine green(ICG)and doxorubicin(DOX).Under an 808 nm laser irradiation,GNP-DOX/ICG responded photothermally and swelled in size from 71.58?4.28 to 160.80?9.51 nm,which was beneficial for particle retention in the tumor sites and release of the loaded therapeutics.Additionally,GNP-DOX/ICG showed a size reduction of the particles to 33.24?4.11 nm and further improved drug release with the degradation of overexpressed MMP-2 in tumor.In the subsequently performed in vitro experiments,it was confirmed that GNP-DOX/ICG could provide a therapeutic effect that was enhanced and synergistic.Consequently,GNP-DOX/ICG could efficiently suppress the growth of 4 T1 tumor in vivo.In conclusion,this study may provide a promising strategy in the rational design of drug delivery nanosystems based on gelatin for chemo-photothermal therapy to achieve synergistically enhanced therapeutic efficacy against breast cancer.
