Nanoscale thin-film composite(TFC)polyamide membranes are highly desirable for desalination owing to their excellent separation performance.It is a permanent pursuit to further improve the water flux of membrane witho...Nanoscale thin-film composite(TFC)polyamide membranes are highly desirable for desalination owing to their excellent separation performance.It is a permanent pursuit to further improve the water flux of membrane without deteriorating the salt rejection.Herein,we fabricated a high-performance polyamide membrane with nanoscale structures through introducing multifunctional crown ether interlayer on the porous substrate impregnated with m-phenylenediamine.The crown ether interlayer can reduce the diffusion of amine monomers to reaction interface influenced by its interaction with m-phenylenediamine and the spatial shielding effect,leading to a controlled interfacial polymerization(IP)reaction.Besides,crown ether with intrinsic cavity is also favorable to adjust the IP process and the microstructure of polyamide layer.Since the outer surface of the nanocavity is lipophilic,crown ether has good solvency with the organic phase,thus attracting more trimesoyl chloride molecules to the interlayer and promoting the IP reaction in the confined space.As a result,a nanoscale polyamide membrane with an ultrathin selective layer of around 50 nm is obtained.The optimal TFC polyamide membrane at crown ether concentration of 0.25 wt.%exhibits a water flux of 61.2 L·m^(−2)·h^(−1),which is 364%of the pristine TFC membrane,while maintaining a rejection of above 97%to NaCl.The development of the tailor-made nanoscale polyamide membrane via constructing multifunctional crown ether interlayer provides a straightforward route to fabricate competitive membranes for highly efficient desalination.展开更多
Indoor heating results in high energy consumption and severe atmospheric pollution.Although the development of solar air heaters provides a sustainable route for indoor thermal comfort,such heaters still face challeng...Indoor heating results in high energy consumption and severe atmospheric pollution.Although the development of solar air heaters provides a sustainable route for indoor thermal comfort,such heaters still face challenges in terms of adequate heat exchange and filtering of atmospheric pollutants.Inspired by solar-driven interfacial evaporation,we propose a multifunctional carbon nanotube-based photothermal membrane for efficient cold air heating and purification via ventilation.Carbon nanotubes endow the membrane with high light absorption and thermal conversion capabilities,thereby sufficiently heating the approaching cold air.With the hierarchical structure formed by phase inversion,the thin upper skin of the composite membrane intercepts micropollutants via the size-sieving effect,whereas the finger-like pores and interpenetrating macrovoids inside the membrane ensure that the heated clear air passes through quickly.A proof-of-principle experiment indicated a cold airflow of 1 L/min across the membrane,yielding a temperature increase of ca.37℃ as well as a PM 2.5 rejection always higher than 93%.Further antibacterial experiments demonstrated that the membrane effectively removed airborne bacteria.This multifunctional carbon nanotube-based photothermal membrane with specific microstructures not only improves the indoor living quality but also provides a sustainable development scheme to coordinate the relationship among energy utilization,building heating,and air purification.展开更多
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)for funding and supporting this work through Research Partnership Program(No.RP-21-09-75)。
文摘Nanoscale thin-film composite(TFC)polyamide membranes are highly desirable for desalination owing to their excellent separation performance.It is a permanent pursuit to further improve the water flux of membrane without deteriorating the salt rejection.Herein,we fabricated a high-performance polyamide membrane with nanoscale structures through introducing multifunctional crown ether interlayer on the porous substrate impregnated with m-phenylenediamine.The crown ether interlayer can reduce the diffusion of amine monomers to reaction interface influenced by its interaction with m-phenylenediamine and the spatial shielding effect,leading to a controlled interfacial polymerization(IP)reaction.Besides,crown ether with intrinsic cavity is also favorable to adjust the IP process and the microstructure of polyamide layer.Since the outer surface of the nanocavity is lipophilic,crown ether has good solvency with the organic phase,thus attracting more trimesoyl chloride molecules to the interlayer and promoting the IP reaction in the confined space.As a result,a nanoscale polyamide membrane with an ultrathin selective layer of around 50 nm is obtained.The optimal TFC polyamide membrane at crown ether concentration of 0.25 wt.%exhibits a water flux of 61.2 L·m^(−2)·h^(−1),which is 364%of the pristine TFC membrane,while maintaining a rejection of above 97%to NaCl.The development of the tailor-made nanoscale polyamide membrane via constructing multifunctional crown ether interlayer provides a straightforward route to fabricate competitive membranes for highly efficient desalination.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22205252)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021QB111)+1 种基金the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(No.tstq20221151)the Innovation Funds of Shandong Energy Institute(SEI I202140).
文摘Indoor heating results in high energy consumption and severe atmospheric pollution.Although the development of solar air heaters provides a sustainable route for indoor thermal comfort,such heaters still face challenges in terms of adequate heat exchange and filtering of atmospheric pollutants.Inspired by solar-driven interfacial evaporation,we propose a multifunctional carbon nanotube-based photothermal membrane for efficient cold air heating and purification via ventilation.Carbon nanotubes endow the membrane with high light absorption and thermal conversion capabilities,thereby sufficiently heating the approaching cold air.With the hierarchical structure formed by phase inversion,the thin upper skin of the composite membrane intercepts micropollutants via the size-sieving effect,whereas the finger-like pores and interpenetrating macrovoids inside the membrane ensure that the heated clear air passes through quickly.A proof-of-principle experiment indicated a cold airflow of 1 L/min across the membrane,yielding a temperature increase of ca.37℃ as well as a PM 2.5 rejection always higher than 93%.Further antibacterial experiments demonstrated that the membrane effectively removed airborne bacteria.This multifunctional carbon nanotube-based photothermal membrane with specific microstructures not only improves the indoor living quality but also provides a sustainable development scheme to coordinate the relationship among energy utilization,building heating,and air purification.
