There exist differences in the epidemiological characteristics,clinicopathological features,tumor biological characteristics,treatment patterns,and drug selections between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and ...There exist differences in the epidemiological characteristics,clinicopathological features,tumor biological characteristics,treatment patterns,and drug selections between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries.The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)has organized a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer since 2016 and renews it annually.Taking into account regional differences,giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources,these experts have conducted expert consensus judgment on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes in China.The 2021 CSCO Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer covers the diagnosis,treatment,follow-up,and screening of gastric cancer.Based on the 2020 version of the CSCO Chinese Gastric Cancer guidelines,this updated guideline integrates the results ofmajor clinical studies from China and overseas for the past year,focused on the inclusion of research data from the Chinese population for more personalized and clinically relevant recommendations.For the comprehensive treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer,attentions were paid to neoadjuvant treatment.The value of perioperative chemotherapy is gradually becoming clearer and its recommendation level has been updated.For the comprehensive treatment of metastatic gastric cancer,recommendations for immunotherapy were included,and immune checkpoint inhibitors fromthird-line to the first-line of treatment for different patient groups with detailed notes are provided.展开更多
China is one of the countries with the highest incidence of gastric cancer.There are differences in epidemiological characteristics,clinicopathological features,tumor biological characteristics,treatment patterns,and ...China is one of the countries with the highest incidence of gastric cancer.There are differences in epidemiological characteristics,clinicopathological features,tumor biological characteristics,treatment patterns,and drug selection between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries.Non-Chinese guidelines cannot specifically reflect the diagnosis and treatment characteristics for the Chinese gastric cancer patients.The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)arranged for a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile,discuss,and revise the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer based on the findings of evidence-based medicine in China and abroad.By referring to the opinions of industry experts,taking into account of regional differences,giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources,these experts have conducted experts’consensus judgement on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes.This guideline uses tables and is complemented by explanatory and descriptive notes covering the diagnosis,comprehensive treatment,and follow-up visits for gastric cancer.展开更多
The 2023 update of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)Clini-cal Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on standardizing cancer diagnosis and treatment in China,reflecting the latest advancements in evidence-...The 2023 update of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)Clini-cal Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on standardizing cancer diagnosis and treatment in China,reflecting the latest advancements in evidence-based medicine,healthcare resource availability,and precision medicine.These updates address the differences in epidemiological characteristics,clinicopatho-logical features,tumor biology,treatment patterns,and drug selections between Eastern and Western gastric cancer patients.Key revisions include a structured template for imaging diagnosis reports,updated standards for molecular marker testing in pathological diagnosis,and an elevated recommendation for neoadju-vant chemotherapy in stage III gastric cancer.For advanced metastatic gastric cancer,the guidelines introduce new recommendations for immunotherapy,anti-angiogenic therapy and targeted drugs,along with updated management strategies for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive and deficient DNA mismatch repair(dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)patients.Additionally,the guidelines offer detailed screening recommendations for hereditary gastric cancer and an appendix listing drug treatment regimens for various stages of gastric cancer.The 2023 CSCO Clinical Guidelines for Gastric Cancer updates are based on both Chinese and international clinical research and expert consensus to enhance their applicability and relevance in clinical practice,particularly in the heterogeneous healthcare landscape of China,while maintaining a commitment to scientific rigor,impartiality,and timely revisions.展开更多
The impact of maintenance therapy on progression-free survival and overall survival as well as quality of life of Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has long been under discussion.Recently,some phase I...The impact of maintenance therapy on progression-free survival and overall survival as well as quality of life of Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has long been under discussion.Recently,some phase III clinical trials have revealed that maintenance therapy can significantly prolong the progression-free survival while maintain an acceptable safety profile.Based on this evidence and common treatment practice in China,we now generated one Expert Consensus on Maintenance Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in China to further specify the necessity of maintenance therapy,suitable candidates for such treatment,and appropriate regimens.展开更多
Graphite phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is a promising catalyst for artificial photocatalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction.However,the fast carrier recombination and the inadequacy of the CO_(2)reduction active ...Graphite phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is a promising catalyst for artificial photocatalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction.However,the fast carrier recombination and the inadequacy of the CO_(2)reduction active site in g-C_(3)N_(4)block the escalation of the perfor-mance.In this work,NiCo layered double hydroxide(NiCo LDH)nanoflowers were self-assembled with ultrathin graphite phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))by an ultrasonic stirring strategy utilizing the Zeta potential difference.The formed NiCo LDH/ultrathin g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(LDH-CN)photocatalysts own the merits of rich active sites and Z-scheme heterojunction,which lead to the enhanced CO_(2)reduction activity and selectivity.The highest yields of CO and CH_(4)were 114.24 and 26.48μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1),which were much greater than those of g-C_(3)N_(4)and LDH.Meanwhile,the enhanced selectivity for CO confirmed the strong redox ability in the LDH-CN caused by the Z-scheme.The heterojunction-induced built-in electrical field can promote the separation and migration of photoinduced electrons and holes.This study provides a theoretical basis for designing high-performance photocatalysts.展开更多
AIM: To examine the predictive effects of baseline serum bilirubin levels and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase(UGT) 1A1*28 polymorphism on response of colorectal cancer to irinotecan-based chemotherapy.METHODS: The present...AIM: To examine the predictive effects of baseline serum bilirubin levels and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase(UGT) 1A1*28 polymorphism on response of colorectal cancer to irinotecan-based chemotherapy.METHODS: The present study was based on a prospective multicenter longitudinal trial of Chinese metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC) patients treated with irinotecan-based chemotherapy(NCT01282658). Baseline serum bilirubin levels, including total bilirubin(TBil) and unconjugated bilirubin(UBil), were measured,and genotyping of UGT1A1*28 polymorphism was performed. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) analysis was used to determine cutoff values of TBil and UBil. The TBil values were categorized into > 13.0 or ≤ 13.0 groups; the UBil values were categorized into > 4.1 or ≤ 4.1 groups. Combining the cutoff values of TBil and UBil, which was recorded as Co Bil, patients were classified into three groups. The classifier's performance of UGT1A1*28 and Co Bil for predicting treatment response was evaluated by ROC analysis. Associations between response and Co Bil or UGT1A1*28 polymorphism were estimated using simple and multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS: Among the 120 m CRC patients, the serum bilirubin level was significantly different between the UGT1A1*28 wild-type and mutant genotypes. Patients with the mutant genotype had an increased likelihood of a higher TBil(P = 0.018) and a higher UBil(P = 0.014) level compared with the wild-type genotype. Patients were stratified into three groups based on Co Bil. Group 1 was patients with TBil > 13.0 and UBil > 4.1; Group 2 was patients with TBil ≤ 13.0 and UBil > 4.1; and Group 3 was patients with TBil ≤ 13.0 and UBil ≤ 4.1. Patients in Group 3 had more than a 10-fold higher likelihood of having a response in the simple(OR = 11.250; 95%CI: 2.286-55.367; P = 0.003) and multiple(OR = 16.001; 95%CI: 2.802-91.371; P = 0.002) analyses compared with the Group 1 individuals. Patients carrying the UGT1A1*28(TA)7 allele were 4-fold less likely to present with 展开更多
Nausea and vomiting are common adverse reactions of antitumor therapy,among which chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)has been studied most intensively.Because of insufficient prevention or insufficient atte...Nausea and vomiting are common adverse reactions of antitumor therapy,among which chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)has been studied most intensively.Because of insufficient prevention or insufficient attention,CINV brings a series of harms to can-cer patients and even lead to the delay or termination of antitumor therapy.Delayed CINV is often underestimated because it mostly occurs outside the hospital,and patients cannot report it immediately.In recent years,the proportion of outpatient chemotherapy and day-time chemotherapy patients in China has increased year by year.Therefore,the prevention of delayed CINV is particularly important.Currently,the challenges faced by delayed CINV include the need to deeply explore its physiological and pathological mechanisms,improve its risk assessment standards,and optimize its prevention programs.However,there is still lack of practice guidelines or consensus on delayed CINV.Therefore,the Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-Care of China Anti-Cancer Association organized multidisciplinary experts in this field to formulate this consensus based on the analysis and discussion of current evidence-based medical research in combination with clinical problems that need to be solved urgently.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of transfesrrin dipstick test (Tf) in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and precancerous lesions screening. METHODS: Eight hundreds and sixty-one individuals at high-ri...AIM: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of transfesrrin dipstick test (Tf) in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and precancerous lesions screening. METHODS: Eight hundreds and sixty-one individuals at high-risk for CRC were recruited. Six hundreds and eleven subsequently received the three fecal occult blood tests and colonoscopy with biopsy performed as needed. Fecal samples were obtained on the day before colonoscopy. Tf, immuno fecal occult blood test (IFOBT) and guaiac fecal occult blood test (g-FOBT) were performed simultaneously on the same stool. To minimize false-negative cases, all subjects with negative samples were asked to provide an additional stool specimen for a second test even a third test. If the results were all negative after testing three repeated samples, the subject was considered a true negative. The performance characteristics of Tf for detecting CRC and precancerous lesions were examined and compared to those of IFOBT and the combination of Tf, IFOBT and g-FOBT. RESULTS: A total of six hundreds and eleven subjects met the study criteria including 25 with CRC and 60 with precancerous lesions. Sensitivity for detecting CRC was 92% for Tf and 96% for IFOBT, specificities of Tf and IFOBT were both 72.0% (95% CI: 68.2%-75.5%; χ2 = 0.4, P > 0.05); positive likelihood ratios of those were 3.3 (95% CI: 2.8-3.9) and 3.4 (95% CI: 2.9-4.0), respectively. In precancerous lesions, sensitivities for Tf and IFOBT were 50% and 58%, respectively (χ 2 = 0.8, P > 0.05); specificities of Tf and IFOBT were 71.5% (95% CI: 67.6%-75.1%) and 72.2% (95% CI: 68.4%-75.8%); positive likelihood ratios of those were 1.8 (95% CI: 1.3-2.3) and 2.1 (95% CI: 1.6-2.7), respectively; compared to IFOBT, g-FOBT+ Tf+ IFOBT had a significantly higher positive rate for precancerous lesions (83% vs 58%, respectively; χ 2 = 9.1, P < 0.05). In patients with CRC and precancerous lesions, the sensitivities of Tf and IFOBT were 62% and 69% (χ 2 = 0.9, P > 0.05); specificities of those were 74.5% (95% CI: 70.6%-78.1%) and 展开更多
At present, most shale gas exploration and development areas in China are difficult to provide sufficient and effective production data to support economic evaluation, since they are still in the initial stage of low ...At present, most shale gas exploration and development areas in China are difficult to provide sufficient and effective production data to support economic evaluation, since they are still in the initial stage of low exploration level. In addition, ecological and environmental factors are not taken into account in the evaluation process, which does not meet the needs of green energy development of China. Aiming at above problems, the dynamic economic evaluation method of shale gas resources based on calculus principle is proposed. The Arps hyperbolic decreasing curve model will be used in the evaluation of single shale gas well production, which can evaluate single well production of shale gas by fitting the existing dynamic production data to generate the production decreasing curve. Therefore, the variation regularity of the cumulative production of single well shale gas within the study area can be obtained by the model mentioned above. According to the variation regularity of the cumulative production obtained from the Arps hyperbolic decreasing curve model, the recovery period of single well cost, ultimate economic life and the ultimate economic resource can be evaluated dynamically by analyzing the variation regularity of the cumulative sales revenue and cumulative input cost of single shale gas well. Then the evaluation result can be further extend to the whole evaluation areas, in order to analyze shale gas resources ’ economic value in evaluation regions under different shale gas price conditions. The results of the above evaluation methods are not only conducive to improving the economic benefits of relative shale gas development enterprises, but also provide a basis for the national energy strategy deployment.展开更多
文摘There exist differences in the epidemiological characteristics,clinicopathological features,tumor biological characteristics,treatment patterns,and drug selections between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries.The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)has organized a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer since 2016 and renews it annually.Taking into account regional differences,giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources,these experts have conducted expert consensus judgment on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes in China.The 2021 CSCO Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer covers the diagnosis,treatment,follow-up,and screening of gastric cancer.Based on the 2020 version of the CSCO Chinese Gastric Cancer guidelines,this updated guideline integrates the results ofmajor clinical studies from China and overseas for the past year,focused on the inclusion of research data from the Chinese population for more personalized and clinically relevant recommendations.For the comprehensive treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer,attentions were paid to neoadjuvant treatment.The value of perioperative chemotherapy is gradually becoming clearer and its recommendation level has been updated.For the comprehensive treatment of metastatic gastric cancer,recommendations for immunotherapy were included,and immune checkpoint inhibitors fromthird-line to the first-line of treatment for different patient groups with detailed notes are provided.
文摘China is one of the countries with the highest incidence of gastric cancer.There are differences in epidemiological characteristics,clinicopathological features,tumor biological characteristics,treatment patterns,and drug selection between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries.Non-Chinese guidelines cannot specifically reflect the diagnosis and treatment characteristics for the Chinese gastric cancer patients.The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)arranged for a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile,discuss,and revise the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer based on the findings of evidence-based medicine in China and abroad.By referring to the opinions of industry experts,taking into account of regional differences,giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources,these experts have conducted experts’consensus judgement on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes.This guideline uses tables and is complemented by explanatory and descriptive notes covering the diagnosis,comprehensive treatment,and follow-up visits for gastric cancer.
文摘The 2023 update of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)Clini-cal Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on standardizing cancer diagnosis and treatment in China,reflecting the latest advancements in evidence-based medicine,healthcare resource availability,and precision medicine.These updates address the differences in epidemiological characteristics,clinicopatho-logical features,tumor biology,treatment patterns,and drug selections between Eastern and Western gastric cancer patients.Key revisions include a structured template for imaging diagnosis reports,updated standards for molecular marker testing in pathological diagnosis,and an elevated recommendation for neoadju-vant chemotherapy in stage III gastric cancer.For advanced metastatic gastric cancer,the guidelines introduce new recommendations for immunotherapy,anti-angiogenic therapy and targeted drugs,along with updated management strategies for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive and deficient DNA mismatch repair(dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)patients.Additionally,the guidelines offer detailed screening recommendations for hereditary gastric cancer and an appendix listing drug treatment regimens for various stages of gastric cancer.The 2023 CSCO Clinical Guidelines for Gastric Cancer updates are based on both Chinese and international clinical research and expert consensus to enhance their applicability and relevance in clinical practice,particularly in the heterogeneous healthcare landscape of China,while maintaining a commitment to scientific rigor,impartiality,and timely revisions.
文摘The impact of maintenance therapy on progression-free survival and overall survival as well as quality of life of Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has long been under discussion.Recently,some phase III clinical trials have revealed that maintenance therapy can significantly prolong the progression-free survival while maintain an acceptable safety profile.Based on this evidence and common treatment practice in China,we now generated one Expert Consensus on Maintenance Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in China to further specify the necessity of maintenance therapy,suitable candidates for such treatment,and appropriate regimens.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22005123, 21776118,22178152 and 22008095)Jiangsu University Foundation (No.20JDG16)+4 种基金Jiangsu Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (No.BK20190045)the Special Foundation of China Postdoctoral (No.2020TQ0127)Jiangsu Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos.2021K396C and 2021K382C)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund (No.CX (21)3067)the Postgraduate High-tech Research Key Laboratory of Zhenjiang (No.SS2018002)
文摘Graphite phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is a promising catalyst for artificial photocatalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction.However,the fast carrier recombination and the inadequacy of the CO_(2)reduction active site in g-C_(3)N_(4)block the escalation of the perfor-mance.In this work,NiCo layered double hydroxide(NiCo LDH)nanoflowers were self-assembled with ultrathin graphite phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))by an ultrasonic stirring strategy utilizing the Zeta potential difference.The formed NiCo LDH/ultrathin g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(LDH-CN)photocatalysts own the merits of rich active sites and Z-scheme heterojunction,which lead to the enhanced CO_(2)reduction activity and selectivity.The highest yields of CO and CH_(4)were 114.24 and 26.48μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1),which were much greater than those of g-C_(3)N_(4)and LDH.Meanwhile,the enhanced selectivity for CO confirmed the strong redox ability in the LDH-CN caused by the Z-scheme.The heterojunction-induced built-in electrical field can promote the separation and migration of photoinduced electrons and holes.This study provides a theoretical basis for designing high-performance photocatalysts.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81372664
文摘AIM: To examine the predictive effects of baseline serum bilirubin levels and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase(UGT) 1A1*28 polymorphism on response of colorectal cancer to irinotecan-based chemotherapy.METHODS: The present study was based on a prospective multicenter longitudinal trial of Chinese metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC) patients treated with irinotecan-based chemotherapy(NCT01282658). Baseline serum bilirubin levels, including total bilirubin(TBil) and unconjugated bilirubin(UBil), were measured,and genotyping of UGT1A1*28 polymorphism was performed. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) analysis was used to determine cutoff values of TBil and UBil. The TBil values were categorized into > 13.0 or ≤ 13.0 groups; the UBil values were categorized into > 4.1 or ≤ 4.1 groups. Combining the cutoff values of TBil and UBil, which was recorded as Co Bil, patients were classified into three groups. The classifier's performance of UGT1A1*28 and Co Bil for predicting treatment response was evaluated by ROC analysis. Associations between response and Co Bil or UGT1A1*28 polymorphism were estimated using simple and multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS: Among the 120 m CRC patients, the serum bilirubin level was significantly different between the UGT1A1*28 wild-type and mutant genotypes. Patients with the mutant genotype had an increased likelihood of a higher TBil(P = 0.018) and a higher UBil(P = 0.014) level compared with the wild-type genotype. Patients were stratified into three groups based on Co Bil. Group 1 was patients with TBil > 13.0 and UBil > 4.1; Group 2 was patients with TBil ≤ 13.0 and UBil > 4.1; and Group 3 was patients with TBil ≤ 13.0 and UBil ≤ 4.1. Patients in Group 3 had more than a 10-fold higher likelihood of having a response in the simple(OR = 11.250; 95%CI: 2.286-55.367; P = 0.003) and multiple(OR = 16.001; 95%CI: 2.802-91.371; P = 0.002) analyses compared with the Group 1 individuals. Patients carrying the UGT1A1*28(TA)7 allele were 4-fold less likely to present with
文摘Nausea and vomiting are common adverse reactions of antitumor therapy,among which chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)has been studied most intensively.Because of insufficient prevention or insufficient attention,CINV brings a series of harms to can-cer patients and even lead to the delay or termination of antitumor therapy.Delayed CINV is often underestimated because it mostly occurs outside the hospital,and patients cannot report it immediately.In recent years,the proportion of outpatient chemotherapy and day-time chemotherapy patients in China has increased year by year.Therefore,the prevention of delayed CINV is particularly important.Currently,the challenges faced by delayed CINV include the need to deeply explore its physiological and pathological mechanisms,improve its risk assessment standards,and optimize its prevention programs.However,there is still lack of practice guidelines or consensus on delayed CINV.Therefore,the Committee of Neoplastic Supportive-Care of China Anti-Cancer Association organized multidisciplinary experts in this field to formulate this consensus based on the analysis and discussion of current evidence-based medical research in combination with clinical problems that need to be solved urgently.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81071832the Key Scientific Research Project of the Health Bureau of Hubei Province, No. JX5A01
文摘AIM: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of transfesrrin dipstick test (Tf) in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and precancerous lesions screening. METHODS: Eight hundreds and sixty-one individuals at high-risk for CRC were recruited. Six hundreds and eleven subsequently received the three fecal occult blood tests and colonoscopy with biopsy performed as needed. Fecal samples were obtained on the day before colonoscopy. Tf, immuno fecal occult blood test (IFOBT) and guaiac fecal occult blood test (g-FOBT) were performed simultaneously on the same stool. To minimize false-negative cases, all subjects with negative samples were asked to provide an additional stool specimen for a second test even a third test. If the results were all negative after testing three repeated samples, the subject was considered a true negative. The performance characteristics of Tf for detecting CRC and precancerous lesions were examined and compared to those of IFOBT and the combination of Tf, IFOBT and g-FOBT. RESULTS: A total of six hundreds and eleven subjects met the study criteria including 25 with CRC and 60 with precancerous lesions. Sensitivity for detecting CRC was 92% for Tf and 96% for IFOBT, specificities of Tf and IFOBT were both 72.0% (95% CI: 68.2%-75.5%; χ2 = 0.4, P > 0.05); positive likelihood ratios of those were 3.3 (95% CI: 2.8-3.9) and 3.4 (95% CI: 2.9-4.0), respectively. In precancerous lesions, sensitivities for Tf and IFOBT were 50% and 58%, respectively (χ 2 = 0.8, P > 0.05); specificities of Tf and IFOBT were 71.5% (95% CI: 67.6%-75.1%) and 72.2% (95% CI: 68.4%-75.8%); positive likelihood ratios of those were 1.8 (95% CI: 1.3-2.3) and 2.1 (95% CI: 1.6-2.7), respectively; compared to IFOBT, g-FOBT+ Tf+ IFOBT had a significantly higher positive rate for precancerous lesions (83% vs 58%, respectively; χ 2 = 9.1, P < 0.05). In patients with CRC and precancerous lesions, the sensitivities of Tf and IFOBT were 62% and 69% (χ 2 = 0.9, P > 0.05); specificities of those were 74.5% (95% CI: 70.6%-78.1%) and
文摘At present, most shale gas exploration and development areas in China are difficult to provide sufficient and effective production data to support economic evaluation, since they are still in the initial stage of low exploration level. In addition, ecological and environmental factors are not taken into account in the evaluation process, which does not meet the needs of green energy development of China. Aiming at above problems, the dynamic economic evaluation method of shale gas resources based on calculus principle is proposed. The Arps hyperbolic decreasing curve model will be used in the evaluation of single shale gas well production, which can evaluate single well production of shale gas by fitting the existing dynamic production data to generate the production decreasing curve. Therefore, the variation regularity of the cumulative production of single well shale gas within the study area can be obtained by the model mentioned above. According to the variation regularity of the cumulative production obtained from the Arps hyperbolic decreasing curve model, the recovery period of single well cost, ultimate economic life and the ultimate economic resource can be evaluated dynamically by analyzing the variation regularity of the cumulative sales revenue and cumulative input cost of single shale gas well. Then the evaluation result can be further extend to the whole evaluation areas, in order to analyze shale gas resources ’ economic value in evaluation regions under different shale gas price conditions. The results of the above evaluation methods are not only conducive to improving the economic benefits of relative shale gas development enterprises, but also provide a basis for the national energy strategy deployment.
