Vasovagal syncope is a common cause of recurrent syncope. Clinically, these episodes may present as an isolated event with an identifiable trigger, or manifest as a cluster of recurrent episodes warranting intensive e...Vasovagal syncope is a common cause of recurrent syncope. Clinically, these episodes may present as an isolated event with an identifiable trigger, or manifest as a cluster of recurrent episodes warranting intensive evaluation. The mechanism of vasovagal syncope is incompletely understood. Diagnostic tools such as implantable loop recorders may facilitate the identification of patients with arrhythmia mimicking benign vasovagal syncope. This review focuses on the management of vasovagal syncope and discusses the non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment options, especially the use of midodrine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The role of cardiac pacing may be meaningful for a subgroup of patients who manifest severe bradycardia or asystole but this still remains controversial.展开更多
AIM:To test the hypothesis that liver cirrhosis is associated with mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells. METHODS:Peripheral blood samples from 72 patients with liver cirrhosis of varying etiology were analyz...AIM:To test the hypothesis that liver cirrhosis is associated with mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells. METHODS:Peripheral blood samples from 72 patients with liver cirrhosis of varying etiology were analyzed by flow cytometry.Identified progenitor cell subsets were immunoselected and used for functional assays in vitro. Plasma levels of stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1) were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Progenitor cells with a CD133 + /CD45 + CD14 + phenotype were observed in 61%of th patients.Between 1%and 26%of the peripheral bloo mononuclear cells(MNCs)displayed this phenotype Furthermore,a distinct population of c-kit + progenito cells(between 1%and 38%of the MNCs)could b detected in 91%of the patients.Additionally,18% of the patients showed a population of progenito cells(between 1%and 68%of the MNCs)that wa characterized by expression of breast cancer resistanc protein-1.Further phenotypic analysis disclosed tha the circulating precursors expressed CXC chemokin receptor 4,the receptor for SDF-1.In line with thi finding,elevated plasma levels of SDF-1 were presen in all patients and were found to correlate with th number of mobilized CD133 + progenitor cells.展开更多
Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome an...Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning piglets.In study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were investigated.In study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression profiles.Results Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals inter-changed.In the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal tissue.These genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory responses.For example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum tissue.In the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content.Conclu展开更多
The diagnosis of the conchostracan genus Tenuestheria from the Lanxi Formation in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province in Southeast China is revised following an examination of the type species under a scanning electron microsco...The diagnosis of the conchostracan genus Tenuestheria from the Lanxi Formation in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province in Southeast China is revised following an examination of the type species under a scanning electron microscope, which revealed some morphological features on the carapace that had not been recognized previously. The importance of the Tenuestheria Fauna is considered in the context of correlation of six Turonian-Santonian formations in this region of China. The value of the Cenomanian Nemestheria and Turonian Linhaiella faunas in correlating the underlying early Late Cretaceous formations is also noted.展开更多
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of novel electrospun fiber mats loaded with alkannin and shikonin(A/S)derivatives,using as carrier a highly biocompatible,bio-derived,ecofriendly polymer such as ...The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of novel electrospun fiber mats loaded with alkannin and shikonin(A/S)derivatives,using as carrier a highly biocompatible,bio-derived,ecofriendly polymer such as poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid](PHB).PHB fibers containing a mixture of A/S derivatives at different ratios were successfully fabricated via electrospinning.As evidenced by scanning electron microscopy,the fibers formed a bead-free mesh with average diameters from 1.25 to 1.47 lm.Spectroscopic measurements suggest that electrospinning marginally increases the amorphous content of the predominantly crystalline PHB in the fibers,while a significant drug amount lies near the fiber surface for samples of high total A/S content.All scaffolds displayed satisfactory characteristics,with the lower concentrations of A/S mixture-loaded PHB fiber mats achieving higher porosity,water uptake ratios,and entrapment efficiencies.The in vitro dissolution studies revealed that all samples released more than 70%of the encapsulated drug after 72 h.All PHB scaffolds tested by cell viability assay were proven non-toxic for Hs27 fibroblasts,with the 0.15 wt.%sample favoring cell attachment,spreading onto the scaffold surface,as well as cell proliferation.Finally,the antimicrobial activity of PHB meshes loaded with A/S mixture was documented for Staphylococcus epidermidis and S.aureus.展开更多
由于聚焦离子束(Focused Ion Beam,简称FIB)显微镜的最新运用,材料科学得以迅速发展。钢铁行业中,聚焦离子束技术不仅可以不断将涂料和钝化层变薄,而且特别适用于多相或成分混杂的和/或多孔材料的透射电子显微镜(Transmission Electron ...由于聚焦离子束(Focused Ion Beam,简称FIB)显微镜的最新运用,材料科学得以迅速发展。钢铁行业中,聚焦离子束技术不仅可以不断将涂料和钝化层变薄,而且特别适用于多相或成分混杂的和/或多孔材料的透射电子显微镜(Transmission Electron Microscope,简称TEM)薄片制备。四年前,在ArcelorMittal Gent设备上安装了三重束聚焦离子束仪器。随后利用该仪器对大量的各种各样的材料进行筛选和/或处理,以进一步进行TEM分析。FIB技术成功运用于图层、基体和界面研究领域。比如:1)图层应用:厚度均匀性、缺损性及腐蚀研究;2)衬底分析:裂纹扩展、晶界及晶粒取向;3)界面分析:金属间(化合的)相、扩散和偏聚,外延研究。由于FIB仪器的高成本性以及配套需要的专业操作技能,毫无疑问局限了其在钢铁研究中的日常应用。不过,仍然可以从聚焦离子束制备样品的独特方式中获得许多经济效益,比如更短的样品制备时间、对抽样区域的选择性,当然还有人为因素的影响极其有限。因此,通常情况下,FIB样品制备成为唯一一种可以用于制备透射电子显微镜薄片的途径。FIB同TEM的联用分析技术开启了一个化学的、微结构和晶体信息的新世界,这种新领域将在以下研究中得以体现:1)锌-铝-镁涂层的共晶相表征;2)富铬钝化层的缺损学研究;3)耐候钢的结构组成;4)无锌涂层的微结构:铝/镁显示为纳米晶体状的铝镁多相结构。展开更多
Last year,Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition published an interesting analysis performed by Ratti and colleagues(1).This study aimed to understand if the efforts associated with the laparoscopic approach in liver sur...Last year,Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition published an interesting analysis performed by Ratti and colleagues(1).This study aimed to understand if the efforts associated with the laparoscopic approach in liver surgery are always worthwhile,specifically in high-complexity cases.Primary endpoint was to analyse the degree of benefit of laparoscopy over open liver surgery(OLS)in different levels of technical difficulty.Secondary endpoint was to confirm that advantages of minimally invasive techniques over open are detectable within all levels of complexity.展开更多
文摘Vasovagal syncope is a common cause of recurrent syncope. Clinically, these episodes may present as an isolated event with an identifiable trigger, or manifest as a cluster of recurrent episodes warranting intensive evaluation. The mechanism of vasovagal syncope is incompletely understood. Diagnostic tools such as implantable loop recorders may facilitate the identification of patients with arrhythmia mimicking benign vasovagal syncope. This review focuses on the management of vasovagal syncope and discusses the non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment options, especially the use of midodrine and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The role of cardiac pacing may be meaningful for a subgroup of patients who manifest severe bradycardia or asystole but this still remains controversial.
基金Supported by Grants from the Erich und Gertrud Roggenbuck Foundation,Hamburg and the Werner Otto Foundation,Hamburg
文摘AIM:To test the hypothesis that liver cirrhosis is associated with mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells. METHODS:Peripheral blood samples from 72 patients with liver cirrhosis of varying etiology were analyzed by flow cytometry.Identified progenitor cell subsets were immunoselected and used for functional assays in vitro. Plasma levels of stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1) were measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Progenitor cells with a CD133 + /CD45 + CD14 + phenotype were observed in 61%of th patients.Between 1%and 26%of the peripheral bloo mononuclear cells(MNCs)displayed this phenotype Furthermore,a distinct population of c-kit + progenito cells(between 1%and 38%of the MNCs)could b detected in 91%of the patients.Additionally,18% of the patients showed a population of progenito cells(between 1%and 68%of the MNCs)that wa characterized by expression of breast cancer resistanc protein-1.Further phenotypic analysis disclosed tha the circulating precursors expressed CXC chemokin receptor 4,the receptor for SDF-1.In line with thi finding,elevated plasma levels of SDF-1 were presen in all patients and were found to correlate with th number of mobilized CD133 + progenitor cells.
基金partially funded by the Ministry of AgricultureNature and Food Quality(project number BO-55-001-015)partly by“Vereniging Diervoederonderzoek Nederland”。
文摘Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning piglets.In study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were investigated.In study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression profiles.Results Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals inter-changed.In the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal tissue.These genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory responses.For example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum tissue.In the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content.Conclu
基金supported by the Major Basic Research Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(National 973 Project 2006CB701403)the German Science Foundation(DFG:Wi725/21,Wi725/23)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40572005,40632010,J0630967)State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing(073106)(SKLPS).
文摘The diagnosis of the conchostracan genus Tenuestheria from the Lanxi Formation in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province in Southeast China is revised following an examination of the type species under a scanning electron microscope, which revealed some morphological features on the carapace that had not been recognized previously. The importance of the Tenuestheria Fauna is considered in the context of correlation of six Turonian-Santonian formations in this region of China. The value of the Cenomanian Nemestheria and Turonian Linhaiella faunas in correlating the underlying early Late Cretaceous formations is also noted.
基金This work was supported by the project‘MICROMETABOLITE’that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme,under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement[No 721635]A.S.Arampatzis,K.N.Kontogiannopoulos,A.Rat,A.Willems and A.N.Assimopoulou acknowledge support of this work from MICROMETABOLITE.
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of novel electrospun fiber mats loaded with alkannin and shikonin(A/S)derivatives,using as carrier a highly biocompatible,bio-derived,ecofriendly polymer such as poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid](PHB).PHB fibers containing a mixture of A/S derivatives at different ratios were successfully fabricated via electrospinning.As evidenced by scanning electron microscopy,the fibers formed a bead-free mesh with average diameters from 1.25 to 1.47 lm.Spectroscopic measurements suggest that electrospinning marginally increases the amorphous content of the predominantly crystalline PHB in the fibers,while a significant drug amount lies near the fiber surface for samples of high total A/S content.All scaffolds displayed satisfactory characteristics,with the lower concentrations of A/S mixture-loaded PHB fiber mats achieving higher porosity,water uptake ratios,and entrapment efficiencies.The in vitro dissolution studies revealed that all samples released more than 70%of the encapsulated drug after 72 h.All PHB scaffolds tested by cell viability assay were proven non-toxic for Hs27 fibroblasts,with the 0.15 wt.%sample favoring cell attachment,spreading onto the scaffold surface,as well as cell proliferation.Finally,the antimicrobial activity of PHB meshes loaded with A/S mixture was documented for Staphylococcus epidermidis and S.aureus.
文摘由于聚焦离子束(Focused Ion Beam,简称FIB)显微镜的最新运用,材料科学得以迅速发展。钢铁行业中,聚焦离子束技术不仅可以不断将涂料和钝化层变薄,而且特别适用于多相或成分混杂的和/或多孔材料的透射电子显微镜(Transmission Electron Microscope,简称TEM)薄片制备。四年前,在ArcelorMittal Gent设备上安装了三重束聚焦离子束仪器。随后利用该仪器对大量的各种各样的材料进行筛选和/或处理,以进一步进行TEM分析。FIB技术成功运用于图层、基体和界面研究领域。比如:1)图层应用:厚度均匀性、缺损性及腐蚀研究;2)衬底分析:裂纹扩展、晶界及晶粒取向;3)界面分析:金属间(化合的)相、扩散和偏聚,外延研究。由于FIB仪器的高成本性以及配套需要的专业操作技能,毫无疑问局限了其在钢铁研究中的日常应用。不过,仍然可以从聚焦离子束制备样品的独特方式中获得许多经济效益,比如更短的样品制备时间、对抽样区域的选择性,当然还有人为因素的影响极其有限。因此,通常情况下,FIB样品制备成为唯一一种可以用于制备透射电子显微镜薄片的途径。FIB同TEM的联用分析技术开启了一个化学的、微结构和晶体信息的新世界,这种新领域将在以下研究中得以体现:1)锌-铝-镁涂层的共晶相表征;2)富铬钝化层的缺损学研究;3)耐候钢的结构组成;4)无锌涂层的微结构:铝/镁显示为纳米晶体状的铝镁多相结构。
文摘Last year,Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition published an interesting analysis performed by Ratti and colleagues(1).This study aimed to understand if the efforts associated with the laparoscopic approach in liver surgery are always worthwhile,specifically in high-complexity cases.Primary endpoint was to analyse the degree of benefit of laparoscopy over open liver surgery(OLS)in different levels of technical difficulty.Secondary endpoint was to confirm that advantages of minimally invasive techniques over open are detectable within all levels of complexity.
