Inorganic nanoparticles have been introduced into biological systems as useful probes for in vitro diagnosis and in vivo imaging, due to their relatively small size and exceptional physical and chemical properties. A ...Inorganic nanoparticles have been introduced into biological systems as useful probes for in vitro diagnosis and in vivo imaging, due to their relatively small size and exceptional physical and chemical properties. A new kind of color- tunable Gd-Zn-Cu-In-S/ZnS （GZCIS/ZnS） quantum dots （QDs） with stable crystal structure has been successfully synthesized and utilized for magnetic resonance （MR） and fluorescence dual modality imaging. This strategy allows successful fabrication of GZCIS/ZnS QDs by incorporating Gd into ZCIS/ZnS QDs to achieve great MR enhancement without compromising the fluorescence properties of the initial ZCIS/ZnS QDs. The as-prepared GZCIS/ZnS QDs show high T1 MR contrast as well as ＂color-tunable＂ photoluminescence （PL） in the range of 550-725 nm by adjusting the Zn/Cu feeding ratio with high PL quantum yield （QY）. The GZCIS/ZnS QDs were transferred into water via a bovine serum albumin （BSA） coating strategy. The resulting Cd-free GZCIS/ZnS QDs reveal negligible cytotoxicity on both HeLa and A549 cells. Both fluorescence and MR imaging studies were successfully performed in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that GZCIS/ZnS QDs could be a dual-modal contrast agent to simultaneously produce strong MR contrast enhancement as well as fluorescence emission for in vivo imaging.展开更多
Morphology of the donor:acceptor blend plays a critical role in the photovoltaic performance of the organic solar cells (OSCs).Herein,liquid-phase-exfoliated black phosphorus nanoflakes (BPNFs),for their outstanding e...Morphology of the donor:acceptor blend plays a critical role in the photovoltaic performance of the organic solar cells (OSCs).Herein,liquid-phase-exfoliated black phosphorus nanoflakes (BPNFs),for their outstanding electronic property and good compatibility to solution process,were applied to fullerene-free OSCs as morphology modifier.Revealed by X-ray scattering measurements,the PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F blends incorporated with BPNFs exhibit more ordered π-π stacking and promoted domain purity,contributing to lower charge transport resistance and suppressed charge recombination within the bulk heterojunction (BHJ).As a result,a high fill factor (FF) of 0.73 and a best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.2% were obtained for fullerene-free OSCs based on PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F blends incorporating with BPNFs,which is among the highest FF of the as-cast fullerene-free OSCs with PCE over 12%.More importantly,the embedded BPNFs help to improve the morphological stability of the devices probably by retarding the phase mixing in the BHJ during the aging period.Besides,analogous enhancements were observed in another fullerene-free OSCs based on PBDB-T:ITIC.In a word,this work provides a new strategy of using two-dimentional nanoflakes as facile and universal morphology modifier for efficient fullerene-free OSCs.展开更多
A new museum at China's oldest ongoing archaeological excavation delves into what a 3,oo0-year-old tomb and oracle bone inscriptions reveal about the Shang Dynasty's greatest warriorqueen.
The 2,500-year-old legacy of China's legendary father of carpentry continues as workshops bearing his name help foster thousands of skilled professionals in developing countries around the world.
Increasing risks of incidental and occupational exposures to two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(2D TMDCs)due to their broad application in various areas raised their public health concerns.While the comp...Increasing risks of incidental and occupational exposures to two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(2D TMDCs)due to their broad application in various areas raised their public health concerns.While the composition-dependent cytotoxicity of 2D TMDCs has been well-recognized,how the outer chalcogenide atoms and inner transition metal atoms differentially contribute to their perturbation on cell homeostasis at non-lethal doses remains to be identified.In the present work,we compared the autophagy induction and related mechanisms in response to WS_(2),NbS_(2),WSe_(2)and Nb Se_(2)nanosheets exposures in MH-S murine alveolar macrophages.All these 2D TMDCs had comparable physicochemical properties,overall cytotoxicity and capability in triggering autophagy in MH-S cells,but showed outer chalcogen-dependent subcellular localization and activation of autophagy pathways.Specifically,WS_(2)and NbS_(2)nanosheets adhered on the cell surface and internalized in the lysosomes,and triggered m TOR-dependent activation of autophagy.Meanwhile,WSe_(2)and Nb Se_(2)nanosheets had extensive distribution in cytoplasm of MH-S cells and induced autophagy in an m TOR-independent manner.Furthermore,the 2D TMDCs-induced perturbation on autophagy aggravated the cytotoxicity of respirable benzo[a]pyrene.These findings provide a deeper insight into the potential health risk of environmental 2D TMDCs from the perspective of homeostasis perturbation.展开更多
The rapid and precise fabrication of multiscale supramolecular assemblies using micro/nanofluidic techniques has emerged as a dynamic area of research in supramolecular chemistry, materials chemistry, and organic chem...The rapid and precise fabrication of multiscale supramolecular assemblies using micro/nanofluidic techniques has emerged as a dynamic area of research in supramolecular chemistry, materials chemistry, and organic chemistry. This review summarizes the application of micro/nanofluidic techniques in constructing supramolecular assemblies, including nanoscale supramolecular assemblies such as macrocycles and cages, microscale supramolecular assemblies such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and macroscale supramolecular assemblies such as supramolecular hydrogels. Compared to conventional synthesis methods, micro/nanofluidic techniques for the production of supramolecular assemblies have significant advantages, including enhanced safety, high reaction rates, improved selectivity/yield, and scalability. Additionally, micro/nanofluidic systems facilitate the creation of precisely controllable micro/nanoconfined environments, allowing for a unique flow behavior that improves our understanding of the supramolecular self-assembly process. Such systems may also lead to the development of novel supramolecular assemblies that differ from those generated via traditional methods.展开更多
Background and purpose Approximately 15%–45%of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms have multiple intracranial aneurysms(MIAs).Determining which one is most likely to rupture is extremely important for tre...Background and purpose Approximately 15%–45%of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms have multiple intracranial aneurysms(MIAs).Determining which one is most likely to rupture is extremely important for treatment decision making for MIAs patients.This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to evaluate the per-aneurysm rupture risk of MIAs patients.Methods A total of 1671 IAs from 700 patients with MIAs were randomly dichotomised into derivation and validation sets.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to select predictors and construct a nomogram model for aneurysm rupture risk assessment in the derivation set.The discriminative accuracy,calibration performance and clinical usefulness of this nomogram were assessed.We also developed a multivariate model for a subgroup of 158 subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH)patients and compared its performance with the nomogram model.Results Multivariate analyses identified seven variables that were significantly associated with IA rupture(history of SAH,alcohol consumption,female sex,aspect ratio>1.5,posterior circulation,irregular shape and bifurcation location).The clinical and morphological-based MIAs(CMB-MIAs)nomogram model showed good calibration and discrimination(derivation set:area under the curve(AUC)=0.740 validation set:AUC=0.772).Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful.Compared with the nomogram model,the AUC of multivariate model developed from SAH patients had lower value of 0.730.Conclusions This CMB-MIAs nomogram for MIAs rupture risk is the first to be developed and validated in a large multi-institutional cohort.This nomogram could be used in decision-making and risk stratification in MIAs patients.展开更多
文摘Inorganic nanoparticles have been introduced into biological systems as useful probes for in vitro diagnosis and in vivo imaging, due to their relatively small size and exceptional physical and chemical properties. A new kind of color- tunable Gd-Zn-Cu-In-S/ZnS （GZCIS/ZnS） quantum dots （QDs） with stable crystal structure has been successfully synthesized and utilized for magnetic resonance （MR） and fluorescence dual modality imaging. This strategy allows successful fabrication of GZCIS/ZnS QDs by incorporating Gd into ZCIS/ZnS QDs to achieve great MR enhancement without compromising the fluorescence properties of the initial ZCIS/ZnS QDs. The as-prepared GZCIS/ZnS QDs show high T1 MR contrast as well as ＂color-tunable＂ photoluminescence （PL） in the range of 550-725 nm by adjusting the Zn/Cu feeding ratio with high PL quantum yield （QY）. The GZCIS/ZnS QDs were transferred into water via a bovine serum albumin （BSA） coating strategy. The resulting Cd-free GZCIS/ZnS QDs reveal negligible cytotoxicity on both HeLa and A549 cells. Both fluorescence and MR imaging studies were successfully performed in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that GZCIS/ZnS QDs could be a dual-modal contrast agent to simultaneously produce strong MR contrast enhancement as well as fluorescence emission for in vivo imaging.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 2173400& 51473142, and 61721005)Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Plan (No. 2018C01047)+2 种基金L. Ye and H. Ade gratefully acknowledge the support by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR, No. N000141712204)X-ray data were acquired at beamlines 11.0.1.2 and 7.3.3 at the ALS, which is a user facility of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. C. Zhu, E. Schaible, A. HexemerC. Wang of the ALS (DOE) are acknowledged for assisting with the experimental setup and providing instrument maintenance.
文摘Morphology of the donor:acceptor blend plays a critical role in the photovoltaic performance of the organic solar cells (OSCs).Herein,liquid-phase-exfoliated black phosphorus nanoflakes (BPNFs),for their outstanding electronic property and good compatibility to solution process,were applied to fullerene-free OSCs as morphology modifier.Revealed by X-ray scattering measurements,the PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F blends incorporated with BPNFs exhibit more ordered π-π stacking and promoted domain purity,contributing to lower charge transport resistance and suppressed charge recombination within the bulk heterojunction (BHJ).As a result,a high fill factor (FF) of 0.73 and a best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.2% were obtained for fullerene-free OSCs based on PTB7-Th:IEICO-4F blends incorporating with BPNFs,which is among the highest FF of the as-cast fullerene-free OSCs with PCE over 12%.More importantly,the embedded BPNFs help to improve the morphological stability of the devices probably by retarding the phase mixing in the BHJ during the aging period.Besides,analogous enhancements were observed in another fullerene-free OSCs based on PBDB-T:ITIC.In a word,this work provides a new strategy of using two-dimentional nanoflakes as facile and universal morphology modifier for efficient fullerene-free OSCs.
文摘A new museum at China's oldest ongoing archaeological excavation delves into what a 3,oo0-year-old tomb and oracle bone inscriptions reveal about the Shang Dynasty's greatest warriorqueen.
文摘The 2,500-year-old legacy of China's legendary father of carpentry continues as workshops bearing his name help foster thousands of skilled professionals in developing countries around the world.
基金supported by the Special Scientific Research Fund for Talents Introduced of Hebei Agricultural University (No.YJ2019030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22276042,21906035)the Pearl River Young Talents Program of Guangdong Province (No.2017GC010269)。
文摘Increasing risks of incidental and occupational exposures to two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(2D TMDCs)due to their broad application in various areas raised their public health concerns.While the composition-dependent cytotoxicity of 2D TMDCs has been well-recognized,how the outer chalcogenide atoms and inner transition metal atoms differentially contribute to their perturbation on cell homeostasis at non-lethal doses remains to be identified.In the present work,we compared the autophagy induction and related mechanisms in response to WS_(2),NbS_(2),WSe_(2)and Nb Se_(2)nanosheets exposures in MH-S murine alveolar macrophages.All these 2D TMDCs had comparable physicochemical properties,overall cytotoxicity and capability in triggering autophagy in MH-S cells,but showed outer chalcogen-dependent subcellular localization and activation of autophagy pathways.Specifically,WS_(2)and NbS_(2)nanosheets adhered on the cell surface and internalized in the lysosomes,and triggered m TOR-dependent activation of autophagy.Meanwhile,WSe_(2)and Nb Se_(2)nanosheets had extensive distribution in cytoplasm of MH-S cells and induced autophagy in an m TOR-independent manner.Furthermore,the 2D TMDCs-induced perturbation on autophagy aggravated the cytotoxicity of respirable benzo[a]pyrene.These findings provide a deeper insight into the potential health risk of environmental 2D TMDCs from the perspective of homeostasis perturbation.
基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22107028 and 22103062)Program of Shanghai Outstanding Academic Leaders (No. 21XD1421200)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 22JC1403900).
文摘The rapid and precise fabrication of multiscale supramolecular assemblies using micro/nanofluidic techniques has emerged as a dynamic area of research in supramolecular chemistry, materials chemistry, and organic chemistry. This review summarizes the application of micro/nanofluidic techniques in constructing supramolecular assemblies, including nanoscale supramolecular assemblies such as macrocycles and cages, microscale supramolecular assemblies such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and macroscale supramolecular assemblies such as supramolecular hydrogels. Compared to conventional synthesis methods, micro/nanofluidic techniques for the production of supramolecular assemblies have significant advantages, including enhanced safety, high reaction rates, improved selectivity/yield, and scalability. Additionally, micro/nanofluidic systems facilitate the creation of precisely controllable micro/nanoconfined environments, allowing for a unique flow behavior that improves our understanding of the supramolecular self-assembly process. Such systems may also lead to the development of novel supramolecular assemblies that differ from those generated via traditional methods.
基金supported by the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.2019TX320002)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771233).
文摘Background and purpose Approximately 15%–45%of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms have multiple intracranial aneurysms(MIAs).Determining which one is most likely to rupture is extremely important for treatment decision making for MIAs patients.This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram to evaluate the per-aneurysm rupture risk of MIAs patients.Methods A total of 1671 IAs from 700 patients with MIAs were randomly dichotomised into derivation and validation sets.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to select predictors and construct a nomogram model for aneurysm rupture risk assessment in the derivation set.The discriminative accuracy,calibration performance and clinical usefulness of this nomogram were assessed.We also developed a multivariate model for a subgroup of 158 subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH)patients and compared its performance with the nomogram model.Results Multivariate analyses identified seven variables that were significantly associated with IA rupture(history of SAH,alcohol consumption,female sex,aspect ratio>1.5,posterior circulation,irregular shape and bifurcation location).The clinical and morphological-based MIAs(CMB-MIAs)nomogram model showed good calibration and discrimination(derivation set:area under the curve(AUC)=0.740 validation set:AUC=0.772).Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful.Compared with the nomogram model,the AUC of multivariate model developed from SAH patients had lower value of 0.730.Conclusions This CMB-MIAs nomogram for MIAs rupture risk is the first to be developed and validated in a large multi-institutional cohort.This nomogram could be used in decision-making and risk stratification in MIAs patients.
