Optimizing the intrinsic activity of non-noble metal by precisely tailoring electronic structure offers an appealing way to construct cost-effective catalysts for selective biomass valorization.Herein,we reported a P-...Optimizing the intrinsic activity of non-noble metal by precisely tailoring electronic structure offers an appealing way to construct cost-effective catalysts for selective biomass valorization.Herein,we reported a P-doping bifunctional catalyst(Ni-P/mSiO_(2))that achieved 96.6%yield for the hydrogenation rearrangement of furfural to cyclopentanone at mild conditions(1 MPaH_(2),150°C).The turnover frequency of Ni-P/mSiO_(2)was 411.9 h^(-1),which was 3.2-fold than that of Ni/mSiO_(2)(127.2 h^(-1)).Detailed characterizations and differential charge density calculations revealed that the electron-deficient Niδ+species were generated by the electron transfer from Ni to P,which promoted the ring rearrangement reaction.Density functional theory calculations illustrated that the presence of P atoms endowed furfural tilted adsorb on the Ni surface by the C=O group and facilitated the desorption of cyclopentanone.This work unraveled the connection between the localized electronic structures and the catalytic properties,so as to provide a promising reference for designing advanced catalysts for biomass valorization.展开更多
This work studies the macroscopic and microscopic behaviors of ellipsoids under triaxial tests using 3D discrete element method(DEM)simulation.To avoid the boundary effect,a novel stress servo-controlled periodic boun...This work studies the macroscopic and microscopic behaviors of ellipsoids under triaxial tests using 3D discrete element method(DEM)simulation.To avoid the boundary effect,a novel stress servo-controlled periodic boundary condition is proposed to maintain the confining pressure of samples during testing.The shape features of ellipsoids are investigated,including the aspect ratio of elongated/oblate ellipsoids and the initial arrangement directions of ellipsoids.The macroscopic properties of ellipsoidal particle samples,such as the deviatoric stress,volumetric strain,internal friction angle,as well as dilatancy angles are explored.Elongated and oblate ellipsoids with varying aspect ratios are investigated for the occurrence of stick-slips.In addition,it is demonstrated that the initial arrangement direction has a significant impact on the coordination number and contact force chains.The corresponding anisotropy coefficients of the entire contact network are analyzed to probe the microscopic roots of macroscopic behavior.展开更多
We study the impact of various modulation mapping strategies and signal constellation shapes on the se- crecy rates achievable with bit-interleaved coded modulation （BICM） schemes. Transmission over an ergodic Rayle...We study the impact of various modulation mapping strategies and signal constellation shapes on the se- crecy rates achievable with bit-interleaved coded modulation （BICM） schemes. Transmission over an ergodic Rayleigh fading channel is assumed throughout this work. Various constellations and mapping techniques are considered in this work to maximize the capacity difference between the main channel and the eavesdropper channel, rather than to opti- mize the capacity of both channels. We show that in terms of achievable secrecy rate, Gray and Quasi-Gray mappings only perform Well at low SNR but outperformed by other mapping techniques when SNR increases. The proper design of signal mapping can significantly enhance the achievable secrecy rate in BICM schemes. It is indicated that the key parameter to the secrecy rate of a BICM system is the distance spectrum of Euclidean distances for mappings.展开更多
作为西南山区最为频发的地质灾害之一,滑坡对山区中大量存在的砖混房屋造成严重影响,尤其农村山区中受灾最为严重,给人民群众生产生活造成巨大安全隐患.研究滑坡引起的上部砖混结构变形特征,对科学指导房屋设计防护及灾后监测点布置具...作为西南山区最为频发的地质灾害之一,滑坡对山区中大量存在的砖混房屋造成严重影响,尤其农村山区中受灾最为严重,给人民群众生产生活造成巨大安全隐患.研究滑坡引起的上部砖混结构变形特征,对科学指导房屋设计防护及灾后监测点布置具有重要现实意义.本文以酉阳高园子滑坡为例,通过现场调查和裂缝参数拟合研究了滑坡区砖混结构变形破坏特征.同时基于PFC3D,构建了有限体积-离散元(Finite Volume Method-Discrete Element Method,FVM-DEM)滑坡-房屋单向耦合模型,模拟并分析了在不同工况下滑坡动态发育过程,进一步揭示了房屋裂缝产生及演化过程.结果表明:相比于普通无柱砖混结构,底框结构抵抗滑坡诱发变形破坏的能力更强,并且处于前后缘段的房屋相对中段房屋更易出现损伤破坏;房屋的长宽比不宜过小,布置房屋长边走向平行斜坡走向有利于减少滑坡对房屋造成的破坏.本文总结了在滑坡作用下,上部砖混结构的变形特征和裂缝开展规律,可为农村山区砖混结构设计和布置提供参考.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD1701504)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University Fund(1011-00109018)the Beijing Innovation Team of the Modern Agricultural Research System(BAIC08-2023-FQ02)。
文摘Optimizing the intrinsic activity of non-noble metal by precisely tailoring electronic structure offers an appealing way to construct cost-effective catalysts for selective biomass valorization.Herein,we reported a P-doping bifunctional catalyst(Ni-P/mSiO_(2))that achieved 96.6%yield for the hydrogenation rearrangement of furfural to cyclopentanone at mild conditions(1 MPaH_(2),150°C).The turnover frequency of Ni-P/mSiO_(2)was 411.9 h^(-1),which was 3.2-fold than that of Ni/mSiO_(2)(127.2 h^(-1)).Detailed characterizations and differential charge density calculations revealed that the electron-deficient Niδ+species were generated by the electron transfer from Ni to P,which promoted the ring rearrangement reaction.Density functional theory calculations illustrated that the presence of P atoms endowed furfural tilted adsorb on the Ni surface by the C=O group and facilitated the desorption of cyclopentanone.This work unraveled the connection between the localized electronic structures and the catalytic properties,so as to provide a promising reference for designing advanced catalysts for biomass valorization.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the financial supports provided by National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(grant No.51608112)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant No.2016YFC0800201)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant No.3221002101C3)Project of Jiangsu Province Transportation Engineering Construction Bureau(grant No.CX-2019GC02).
文摘This work studies the macroscopic and microscopic behaviors of ellipsoids under triaxial tests using 3D discrete element method(DEM)simulation.To avoid the boundary effect,a novel stress servo-controlled periodic boundary condition is proposed to maintain the confining pressure of samples during testing.The shape features of ellipsoids are investigated,including the aspect ratio of elongated/oblate ellipsoids and the initial arrangement directions of ellipsoids.The macroscopic properties of ellipsoidal particle samples,such as the deviatoric stress,volumetric strain,internal friction angle,as well as dilatancy angles are explored.Elongated and oblate ellipsoids with varying aspect ratios are investigated for the occurrence of stick-slips.In addition,it is demonstrated that the initial arrangement direction has a significant impact on the coordination number and contact force chains.The corresponding anisotropy coefficients of the entire contact network are analyzed to probe the microscopic roots of macroscopic behavior.
文摘We study the impact of various modulation mapping strategies and signal constellation shapes on the se- crecy rates achievable with bit-interleaved coded modulation （BICM） schemes. Transmission over an ergodic Rayleigh fading channel is assumed throughout this work. Various constellations and mapping techniques are considered in this work to maximize the capacity difference between the main channel and the eavesdropper channel, rather than to opti- mize the capacity of both channels. We show that in terms of achievable secrecy rate, Gray and Quasi-Gray mappings only perform Well at low SNR but outperformed by other mapping techniques when SNR increases. The proper design of signal mapping can significantly enhance the achievable secrecy rate in BICM schemes. It is indicated that the key parameter to the secrecy rate of a BICM system is the distance spectrum of Euclidean distances for mappings.
文摘作为西南山区最为频发的地质灾害之一,滑坡对山区中大量存在的砖混房屋造成严重影响,尤其农村山区中受灾最为严重,给人民群众生产生活造成巨大安全隐患.研究滑坡引起的上部砖混结构变形特征,对科学指导房屋设计防护及灾后监测点布置具有重要现实意义.本文以酉阳高园子滑坡为例,通过现场调查和裂缝参数拟合研究了滑坡区砖混结构变形破坏特征.同时基于PFC3D,构建了有限体积-离散元(Finite Volume Method-Discrete Element Method,FVM-DEM)滑坡-房屋单向耦合模型,模拟并分析了在不同工况下滑坡动态发育过程,进一步揭示了房屋裂缝产生及演化过程.结果表明:相比于普通无柱砖混结构,底框结构抵抗滑坡诱发变形破坏的能力更强,并且处于前后缘段的房屋相对中段房屋更易出现损伤破坏;房屋的长宽比不宜过小,布置房屋长边走向平行斜坡走向有利于减少滑坡对房屋造成的破坏.本文总结了在滑坡作用下,上部砖混结构的变形特征和裂缝开展规律,可为农村山区砖混结构设计和布置提供参考.
