Clayey silt reservoirs bearing natural gas hydrates(NGH)are considered to be the hydrate-bearing reservoirs that boast the highest reserves but tend to be the most difficult to exploit.They are proved to be exploitabl...Clayey silt reservoirs bearing natural gas hydrates(NGH)are considered to be the hydrate-bearing reservoirs that boast the highest reserves but tend to be the most difficult to exploit.They are proved to be exploitable by the first NGH production test conducted in the South China Sea in 2017.Based on the understanding of the first production test,the China Geological Survey determined the optimal target NGH reservoirs for production test and conducted a detailed assessment,numerical and experimental simulation,and onshore testing of the reservoirs.After that,it conducted the second offshore NGH production test in 1225 m deep Shenhu Area,South China Sea(also referred to as the second production test)from October 2019 to April 2020.During the second production test,a series of technical challenges of drilling horizontal wells in shallow soft strata in deep sea were met,including wellhead stability,directional drilling of a horizontal well,reservoir stimulation and sand control,and accurate depressurization.As a result,30 days of continuous gas production was achieved,with a cumulative gas production of 86.14×104 m3.Thus,the average daily gas production is 2.87×10^4 m^3,which is 5.57 times as much as that obtained in the first production test.Therefore,both the cumulative gas production and the daily gas production were highly improved compared to the first production test.As indicated by the monitoring results of the second production test,there was no anomaly in methane content in the seafloor,seawater,and atmosphere throughout the whole production test.This successful production test further indicates that safe and effective NGH exploitation is feasible in clayey silt NGH reservoirs.The industrialization of hydrates consists of five stages in general,namely theoretical research and simulation experiments,exploratory production test,experimental production test,productive production test,and commercial production.The second production test serves as an important step from the exploratory production test to exper展开更多
In face of the everlasting battle toward COVID-19 and the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2,no specific and effective drugs for treating this disease have been reported until today.Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),a ...In face of the everlasting battle toward COVID-19 and the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2,no specific and effective drugs for treating this disease have been reported until today.Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),a receptor of SARS-CoV-2,mediates the virus infection by binding to spike protein.Although ACE2 is expressed in the lung,kidney,and intestine,its expressing levels are rather low,especially in the lung.Considering the great infectivity of COVID-19,we speculate that SARS-CoV-2 may depend on other routes to facilitate its infection.Here,we first discover an interaction between host cell receptor CD147 and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.The loss of CD147 or blocking CD147 in Vero E6 and BEAS-2B cell lines by anti-CD147 antibody,Meplazumab,inhibits SARSCoV-2 amplification.Expression of human CD147 allows virus entry into non-susceptible BHK-21 cells,which can be neutralized by CD147 extracellular fragment.Viral loads are detectable in the lungs of human CD147(hCD147)mice infected with SARS-CoV-2,but not in those of virus-infected wild type mice.Interestingly,virions are observed in lymphocytes of lung tissue from a COVID-19 patient.Human T cells with a property of ACE2 natural deficiency can be infected with SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in a dosedependent manner,which is specifically inhibited by Meplazumab.Furthermore,CD147 mediates virus entering host cells by endocytosis.Together,our study reveals a novel virus entry route,CD147-spike protein,which provides an important target for developing specific and effective drug against COVID-19.展开更多
AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis to compare Roux-en-Y (R-Y) gastrojejunostomy with gastroduodenal Billroth?I?(B-I) anastomosis after distal gastrectomy (DG) for gastric cancer.METHODS: A literature search was performed...AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis to compare Roux-en-Y (R-Y) gastrojejunostomy with gastroduodenal Billroth?I?(B-I) anastomosis after distal gastrectomy (DG) for gastric cancer.METHODS: A literature search was performed to identify studies comparing R-Y with B-I?after DG for gastric cancer from January 1990 to November 2012 in Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in The Cochrane Library. Pooled odds ratios (OR) or weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95%CI were calculated using either ?xed or random effects model. Operative outcomes such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative outcomes such as anastomotic leakage and stricture, bile re?ux, remnant gastritis, re?ux esophagitis, dumping symptoms, delayed gastric emptying and hospital stay were the main outcomes assessed. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.0 software (Cochrane library).RESULTS: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 9 non-randomized observational clinical studies (OCS) involving 478 and 1402 patients respectively were included. Meta-analysis of RCTs revealed that R-Y reconstruction was associated with a reduced bile re?ux (OR 0.04, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.14; P < 0.00?001) and remnant gastritis (OR 0.43, 95%CI: 0.28, 0.66; P = 0.0001), however needing a longer operation time (WMD 40.02, 95%CI: 13.93, 66.11; P = 0.003). Meta-analysis of OCS also revealed R-Y reconstruction had a lower incidence of bile re?ux (OR 0.21, 95%CI: 0.08, 0.54; P = 0.001), remnant gastritis (OR 0.18, 95%CI: 0.11, 0.29; P < 0.00?001) and re?ux esophagitis (OR 0.48, 95%CI: 0.26, 0.89; P = 0.02). However, this reconstruction method was found to be associated with a longer operation time (WMD 31.30, 95%CI: 12.99, 49.60; P = 0.0008).CONCLUSION: This systematic review point towards some clinical advantages that are rendered by R-Y compared to B-I?reconstruction post DG. However there is a need for further adequately powered, well-designed RCTs comparing the same.展开更多
The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of ...The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.展开更多
Finding the electromagnetic （EM） counterpart of binary compact star merger, especially the binary neutron star （BNS） merger, is critically important for gravitational wave （GW） astronomy, cosmology and fundament...Finding the electromagnetic （EM） counterpart of binary compact star merger, especially the binary neutron star （BNS） merger, is critically important for gravitational wave （GW） astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics. On Aug. 17, 2017, Advanced LIGO and Fermi/GBM independently triggered the first BNS merger, GW170817, and its high energy EM counterpart, GRB 170817A, respectively, resulting in a global observation campaign covering gamma-ray, X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio as well as neutrinos. The High Energy X-ray telescope （HE） onboard Insight-HXMT （Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope） is the unique high-energy gamma-ray telescope that monitored the entire GW localization area and especially the optical counterpart （SSS17a/AT2017gfo） with very large collection area （M000 cm2） and microsecond time resolution in 0.2-5 MeV. In addition, Insight-HXMT quickly implemented a Target of Opportunity （TOO） observation to scan the GW localization area for potential X-ray emission from the GW source. Although Insight-HXMT did not detect any significant high energy （0.2-5 MeV） radiation from GW170817, its observation helped to confirm the unexpected weak and soft nature of GRB 170817A. Meanwhile, Insight-HXMT/HE provides one of the most stringent constraints （-10-7 to 104 erg/cm2/s） for both GRB170817A and any other possible precursor or extended emissions in 0.2-5 MeV, which help us to better understand the properties of EM radiation from this BNS merger. Therefore the observation of Insight-HXMT constitutes an important chapter in the full context of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observation of this historical GW event.展开更多
As China’s first X-ray astronomical satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), which was dubbed as Insight-HXMT after the launch on June 15, 2017, is a wide-band(1-250 ke V) slat-collimator-based X-ray as...As China’s first X-ray astronomical satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), which was dubbed as Insight-HXMT after the launch on June 15, 2017, is a wide-band(1-250 ke V) slat-collimator-based X-ray astronomy satellite with the capability of all-sky monitoring in 0.2-3 Me V. It was designed to perform pointing, scanning and gamma-ray burst(GRB)observations and, based on the Direct Demodulation Method (DDM), the image of the scanned sky region can be reconstructed.Here we give an overview of the mission and its progresses, including payload, core sciences, ground calibration/facility, ground segment, data archive, software, in-orbit performance, calibration, background model, observations and some preliminary results.展开更多
Ethylene plays essential roles in adaptive growth of rice plants in water-saturating environment; how- ever, ethylene signaling pathway in rice is largely unclear. In this study, we report identification and character...Ethylene plays essential roles in adaptive growth of rice plants in water-saturating environment; how- ever, ethylene signaling pathway in rice is largely unclear. In this study, we report identification and characterization of ethylene-response mutants based on the specific ethylene-response phenotypes of etiolated rice seedlings, includ- ing ethylene-inhibited root growth and ethylene-promoted coleoptile elongation, which is different from the ethylene triple-response phenotype in Arabidopsis. We establish an efficient system for screening and a set of rice mutants have been identified. Genetic analysis reveals that these mutants form eight complementation groups. All the mutants show insensitivity or reduced sensitivity to ethylene in root growth but exhibit differential responses in cole0ptile growth. One mutant group mhz7 has insensitivity to ethylene in both root and coleoptile growth. We identified the corresponding gene by a map-based cloning method. MHZ7 encodes a membrane protein homologous to EIN2, a central component of ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis. Upon ethylene treatment, etiolated MHZ7-overexpressing seedlings exhibit enhanced coleoptiie elongation, increased mesocotyl growth and extremely twisted short roots, featuring enhanced ethylene- response phenotypes in rice. Grain length was promoted in MHZ7-transgenic plants and 1000-grain weight was reduced in mhz7 mutants. Leaf senescent process was also affected by MHZ7 expression. Manipulation of ethylene signaling may improve adaptive growth and yield-related traits in rice.展开更多
In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The m...In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring effects of QED, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, eXTP will be a very powerful observatory for astrophysics that will provide observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. In particular, its wide field monitoring capabilities will be highly instrumental to detect the electro-magnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources.The paper provides a detailed description of:(1) the technological and technical aspects, and the expected performance of the instruments of the scientific payload;(2) the elements and functions of the mission, from the spacecraft to the ground segment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Reports on bacterial infection(BI)in decompensated cirrhosis(DC)is mainly from alcoholic cirrhosis.The role of BI as a trigger or complication of acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)in patients with hepatiti...BACKGROUND Reports on bacterial infection(BI)in decompensated cirrhosis(DC)is mainly from alcoholic cirrhosis.The role of BI as a trigger or complication of acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)in patients with hepatitis B virus decompensated cirrhosis(HBV-DC)remains to be investigated.AIM To investigate the impact of BI on the outcomes of the patients with HBV-DC admitted into the hospital with or without ACLF.METHODS This retrospective study included patients with HBV-DC admitted to two tertiary centers in China.In-hospital overall survival,90-d transplant-free survival,5-year post-discharge survival,and cumulative incidence of ACLF were evaluated.Risk factors for death were analyzed considering liver transplantation as a competing event.RESULTS A total of 1281 hospitalized HBV-DC patients were included;284 had ACLF at admission.The overall prevalence of BI was 28.1%.The patients with BI had a significantly lower in-hospital survival and transplant-free 90-d survival than those without,in both the patients admitted with and without ACLF.The presence of BI significantly increased the risk of developing ACLF[subdistribution hazard ratio(sHR)=2.52,95%CI:1.75-3.61,P<0.001]in the patients without ACLF.In the patients discharged alive,those who had an episode of BI had a significantly lower 5-year transplant-free survival.BI was an independent risk factor for death in the patients admitted without ACLF(sHR=3.28,95%CI:1.93-5.57),while in ACLF admissions,the presence of pneumonia,but not other type of BI,independently increased the risk of death(sHR=1.87,95%CI:1.24-2.82).CONCLUSION BI triggers ACLF in patients with HBV-DC and significantly impairs short-term survival.HBV-DC patients should be monitored carefully for the development of BI,especially pneumonia,to avoid an adverse outcome.展开更多
基金This study is supported by the offshore NGH production test projects under the Marine Geological Survey Program initiated by the China Geological Survey(DD20190226,DD20190218)the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(41730528,51991365)。
文摘Clayey silt reservoirs bearing natural gas hydrates(NGH)are considered to be the hydrate-bearing reservoirs that boast the highest reserves but tend to be the most difficult to exploit.They are proved to be exploitable by the first NGH production test conducted in the South China Sea in 2017.Based on the understanding of the first production test,the China Geological Survey determined the optimal target NGH reservoirs for production test and conducted a detailed assessment,numerical and experimental simulation,and onshore testing of the reservoirs.After that,it conducted the second offshore NGH production test in 1225 m deep Shenhu Area,South China Sea(also referred to as the second production test)from October 2019 to April 2020.During the second production test,a series of technical challenges of drilling horizontal wells in shallow soft strata in deep sea were met,including wellhead stability,directional drilling of a horizontal well,reservoir stimulation and sand control,and accurate depressurization.As a result,30 days of continuous gas production was achieved,with a cumulative gas production of 86.14×104 m3.Thus,the average daily gas production is 2.87×10^4 m^3,which is 5.57 times as much as that obtained in the first production test.Therefore,both the cumulative gas production and the daily gas production were highly improved compared to the first production test.As indicated by the monitoring results of the second production test,there was no anomaly in methane content in the seafloor,seawater,and atmosphere throughout the whole production test.This successful production test further indicates that safe and effective NGH exploitation is feasible in clayey silt NGH reservoirs.The industrialization of hydrates consists of five stages in general,namely theoretical research and simulation experiments,exploratory production test,experimental production test,productive production test,and commercial production.The second production test serves as an important step from the exploratory production test to exper
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2019ZX09732-001)the Key R&D Plan Projects in Shaanxi Province(2020ZDXM2-SF-01)Young Talent fund of the University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(20200304).
文摘In face of the everlasting battle toward COVID-19 and the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2,no specific and effective drugs for treating this disease have been reported until today.Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),a receptor of SARS-CoV-2,mediates the virus infection by binding to spike protein.Although ACE2 is expressed in the lung,kidney,and intestine,its expressing levels are rather low,especially in the lung.Considering the great infectivity of COVID-19,we speculate that SARS-CoV-2 may depend on other routes to facilitate its infection.Here,we first discover an interaction between host cell receptor CD147 and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.The loss of CD147 or blocking CD147 in Vero E6 and BEAS-2B cell lines by anti-CD147 antibody,Meplazumab,inhibits SARSCoV-2 amplification.Expression of human CD147 allows virus entry into non-susceptible BHK-21 cells,which can be neutralized by CD147 extracellular fragment.Viral loads are detectable in the lungs of human CD147(hCD147)mice infected with SARS-CoV-2,but not in those of virus-infected wild type mice.Interestingly,virions are observed in lymphocytes of lung tissue from a COVID-19 patient.Human T cells with a property of ACE2 natural deficiency can be infected with SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in a dosedependent manner,which is specifically inhibited by Meplazumab.Furthermore,CD147 mediates virus entering host cells by endocytosis.Together,our study reveals a novel virus entry route,CD147-spike protein,which provides an important target for developing specific and effective drug against COVID-19.
文摘AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis to compare Roux-en-Y (R-Y) gastrojejunostomy with gastroduodenal Billroth?I?(B-I) anastomosis after distal gastrectomy (DG) for gastric cancer.METHODS: A literature search was performed to identify studies comparing R-Y with B-I?after DG for gastric cancer from January 1990 to November 2012 in Medline, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in The Cochrane Library. Pooled odds ratios (OR) or weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95%CI were calculated using either ?xed or random effects model. Operative outcomes such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative outcomes such as anastomotic leakage and stricture, bile re?ux, remnant gastritis, re?ux esophagitis, dumping symptoms, delayed gastric emptying and hospital stay were the main outcomes assessed. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.0 software (Cochrane library).RESULTS: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 9 non-randomized observational clinical studies (OCS) involving 478 and 1402 patients respectively were included. Meta-analysis of RCTs revealed that R-Y reconstruction was associated with a reduced bile re?ux (OR 0.04, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.14; P < 0.00?001) and remnant gastritis (OR 0.43, 95%CI: 0.28, 0.66; P = 0.0001), however needing a longer operation time (WMD 40.02, 95%CI: 13.93, 66.11; P = 0.003). Meta-analysis of OCS also revealed R-Y reconstruction had a lower incidence of bile re?ux (OR 0.21, 95%CI: 0.08, 0.54; P = 0.001), remnant gastritis (OR 0.18, 95%CI: 0.11, 0.29; P < 0.00?001) and re?ux esophagitis (OR 0.48, 95%CI: 0.26, 0.89; P = 0.02). However, this reconstruction method was found to be associated with a longer operation time (WMD 31.30, 95%CI: 12.99, 49.60; P = 0.0008).CONCLUSION: This systematic review point towards some clinical advantages that are rendered by R-Y compared to B-I?reconstruction post DG. However there is a need for further adequately powered, well-designed RCTs comparing the same.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2014CB845700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11390371)Funding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission
文摘The Large sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope（LAMOST） general survey is a spectroscopic survey that will eventually cover approximately half of the celestial sphere and collect 10 million spectra of stars, galaxies and QSOs. Objects in both the pilot survey and the first year regular survey are included in the LAMOST DR1. The pilot survey started in October 2011 and ended in June 2012, and the data have been released to the public as the LAMOST Pilot Data Release in August 2012. The regular survey started in September 2012, and completed its first year of operation in June 2013. The LAMOST DR1 includes a total of 1202 plates containing 2 955 336 spectra, of which 1 790 879 spectra have observed signalto-noise ratio（SNR） ≥ 10. All data with SNR ≥ 2 are formally released as LAMOST DR1 under the LAMOST data policy. This data release contains a total of 2 204 696 spectra, of which 1 944 329 are stellar spectra, 12 082 are galaxy spectra and 5017 are quasars. The DR1 not only includes spectra, but also three stellar catalogs with measured parameters： late A,FGK-type stars with high quality spectra（1 061 918 entries）, A-type stars（100 073 entries）, and M-type stars（121 522 entries）. This paper introduces the survey design, the observational and instrumental limitations, data reduction and analysis, and some caveats. A description of the FITS structure of spectral files and parameter catalogs is also provided.
基金supported by the National Program on Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2016YFA0400800)from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(MOST)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB23040400)the Hundred Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11233001,11503027,11403026,11473027,and11733009)
文摘Finding the electromagnetic （EM） counterpart of binary compact star merger, especially the binary neutron star （BNS） merger, is critically important for gravitational wave （GW） astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics. On Aug. 17, 2017, Advanced LIGO and Fermi/GBM independently triggered the first BNS merger, GW170817, and its high energy EM counterpart, GRB 170817A, respectively, resulting in a global observation campaign covering gamma-ray, X-ray, UV, optical, IR, radio as well as neutrinos. The High Energy X-ray telescope （HE） onboard Insight-HXMT （Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope） is the unique high-energy gamma-ray telescope that monitored the entire GW localization area and especially the optical counterpart （SSS17a/AT2017gfo） with very large collection area （M000 cm2） and microsecond time resolution in 0.2-5 MeV. In addition, Insight-HXMT quickly implemented a Target of Opportunity （TOO） observation to scan the GW localization area for potential X-ray emission from the GW source. Although Insight-HXMT did not detect any significant high energy （0.2-5 MeV） radiation from GW170817, its observation helped to confirm the unexpected weak and soft nature of GRB 170817A. Meanwhile, Insight-HXMT/HE provides one of the most stringent constraints （-10-7 to 104 erg/cm2/s） for both GRB170817A and any other possible precursor or extended emissions in 0.2-5 MeV, which help us to better understand the properties of EM radiation from this BNS merger. Therefore the observation of Insight-HXMT constitutes an important chapter in the full context of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger observation of this historical GW event.
基金project funded by China National Space Administration(CNSA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0400800)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDA04010202,XDA04010300,and XDB23040400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1838201,and U1838102).
文摘As China’s first X-ray astronomical satellite, the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT), which was dubbed as Insight-HXMT after the launch on June 15, 2017, is a wide-band(1-250 ke V) slat-collimator-based X-ray astronomy satellite with the capability of all-sky monitoring in 0.2-3 Me V. It was designed to perform pointing, scanning and gamma-ray burst(GRB)observations and, based on the Direct Demodulation Method (DDM), the image of the scanned sky region can be reconstructed.Here we give an overview of the mission and its progresses, including payload, core sciences, ground calibration/facility, ground segment, data archive, software, in-orbit performance, calibration, background model, observations and some preliminary results.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China，the National Key Basic Research Project，the National Transgenic Research Project
文摘Ethylene plays essential roles in adaptive growth of rice plants in water-saturating environment; how- ever, ethylene signaling pathway in rice is largely unclear. In this study, we report identification and characterization of ethylene-response mutants based on the specific ethylene-response phenotypes of etiolated rice seedlings, includ- ing ethylene-inhibited root growth and ethylene-promoted coleoptile elongation, which is different from the ethylene triple-response phenotype in Arabidopsis. We establish an efficient system for screening and a set of rice mutants have been identified. Genetic analysis reveals that these mutants form eight complementation groups. All the mutants show insensitivity or reduced sensitivity to ethylene in root growth but exhibit differential responses in cole0ptile growth. One mutant group mhz7 has insensitivity to ethylene in both root and coleoptile growth. We identified the corresponding gene by a map-based cloning method. MHZ7 encodes a membrane protein homologous to EIN2, a central component of ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis. Upon ethylene treatment, etiolated MHZ7-overexpressing seedlings exhibit enhanced coleoptiie elongation, increased mesocotyl growth and extremely twisted short roots, featuring enhanced ethylene- response phenotypes in rice. Grain length was promoted in MHZ7-transgenic plants and 1000-grain weight was reduced in mhz7 mutants. Leaf senescent process was also affected by MHZ7 expression. Manipulation of ethylene signaling may improve adaptive growth and yield-related traits in rice.
基金support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences through the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA15020100)support by ASI, under the dedicated eXTP agreements and agreement ASI-INAF (Grant No. 2017-14-H.O.)+3 种基金by INAF and INFN under project REDSOXsupport from the Deutsche Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, the German Aerospce Center (DLR)support of Science Centre (Grant No. 2013/10/M/ST9/00729)support from MINECO (Grant No. ESP2017-82674-R) and FEDER funds
文摘In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring effects of QED, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, eXTP will be a very powerful observatory for astrophysics that will provide observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. In particular, its wide field monitoring capabilities will be highly instrumental to detect the electro-magnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources.The paper provides a detailed description of:(1) the technological and technical aspects, and the expected performance of the instruments of the scientific payload;(2) the elements and functions of the mission, from the spacecraft to the ground segment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570535 and No.81770587Key Projects in the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the Thirteenth Five-year Plan Period,No.2017ZX10203201-008,No.2018ZX09206005-003,and 2017ZX10202202-005-004+4 种基金the Shanghai Three-Year Plan of the Clinical Skills and Innovations,No.16CR1002Athe Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty,No.shslczdzk01103the Shanghai Three-Year Plan of the Key Subjects Construction in Public Health-Infectious Diseases and Pathogenic Microorganism,No.15GWZK0102the Suzhou Expert Team of Clinical Medicine,No.SZYJTD201717the Joint Research Initiative-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,No.YW20190002
文摘BACKGROUND Reports on bacterial infection(BI)in decompensated cirrhosis(DC)is mainly from alcoholic cirrhosis.The role of BI as a trigger or complication of acute-onchronic liver failure(ACLF)in patients with hepatitis B virus decompensated cirrhosis(HBV-DC)remains to be investigated.AIM To investigate the impact of BI on the outcomes of the patients with HBV-DC admitted into the hospital with or without ACLF.METHODS This retrospective study included patients with HBV-DC admitted to two tertiary centers in China.In-hospital overall survival,90-d transplant-free survival,5-year post-discharge survival,and cumulative incidence of ACLF were evaluated.Risk factors for death were analyzed considering liver transplantation as a competing event.RESULTS A total of 1281 hospitalized HBV-DC patients were included;284 had ACLF at admission.The overall prevalence of BI was 28.1%.The patients with BI had a significantly lower in-hospital survival and transplant-free 90-d survival than those without,in both the patients admitted with and without ACLF.The presence of BI significantly increased the risk of developing ACLF[subdistribution hazard ratio(sHR)=2.52,95%CI:1.75-3.61,P<0.001]in the patients without ACLF.In the patients discharged alive,those who had an episode of BI had a significantly lower 5-year transplant-free survival.BI was an independent risk factor for death in the patients admitted without ACLF(sHR=3.28,95%CI:1.93-5.57),while in ACLF admissions,the presence of pneumonia,but not other type of BI,independently increased the risk of death(sHR=1.87,95%CI:1.24-2.82).CONCLUSION BI triggers ACLF in patients with HBV-DC and significantly impairs short-term survival.HBV-DC patients should be monitored carefully for the development of BI,especially pneumonia,to avoid an adverse outcome.
