AIM: To investigate the influence of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligand, 15-deoxy-△12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCG-803 human gastric cancer cell ...AIM: To investigate the influence of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligand, 15-deoxy-△12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCG-803 human gastric cancer cell lines.METHODS: Cell proliferation was measured by 3H-TdR assay. Apoptosis was determined by ELISA and TUNEL staining. Protein and mRNA level of bcl-2 family and COXs were measured by Western blotting and Northern blotting respectively. PGE2 production was examined by RIA.RESULTS: 15dPGJ2 inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis of MlCG-803 cells. The COX-2 and bcl-2/bax ratios were decreased following 15dPGJ2 treatment. The PGE2production in supernatants was also decreased. These changes were in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: 15dPGJ2 may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of gastric cancer.展开更多
Based on the analysis of its basic characteristics, this article investigated the disparities of Chinese service industry among the three regions （the eastern China, the western China and the middle China） and inter...Based on the analysis of its basic characteristics, this article investigated the disparities of Chinese service industry among the three regions （the eastern China, the western China and the middle China） and inter-provincial disparities of that in the three regions by Theil coefficient and cluster analysis. Then, major factors influencing its spatial disparity were explored by correlation analysis and regression analysis. The conclusions could be drawn as follows. 1） The development of Chinese service industry experienced three phases since the 1980s： rapid growth period, slow growth period, and recovery period. From the proportion of value-added and employment, its development was obviously on the low level. From the composition of industrial structure, traditional service sectors were dominant, but modem service sectors were lagged. Moreover, its spatial disparity was distinct. 2） The level of Chinese service industry was divided into five basic regional ranks： well-developed, developed, relatively-developed, underdeveloped and undeveloped regions, As a whole, the overall structure of spatial disparity was steady in 1990-2005. But there was notable gradient disparity in the interior structure of service industry among different provinces. Furthermore, the overall disparity expanded rapidly in 1990-2005. The inter-provincial disparity of service industry in the three regions, especially in the eastern China, was bigger than the disparity among the three regions. And 3） the level of economic development, the level of urban development, the scale of market capacity, the level of transportation and telecommunication, and the abundance of human resources were major factors influencing the development of Chinese service industry.展开更多
The first neuroimaging study of real-time brain activity during insight problem solving was conducted almost ten years ago. Many subsequent studies have used high-resolution event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-r...The first neuroimaging study of real-time brain activity during insight problem solving was conducted almost ten years ago. Many subsequent studies have used high-resolution event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the temporal dynamics and neural correlates of insight. Recent results on the neural underpinnings of insight have led researchers to propose a neural framework referred to as the "insightful brain". This putative framework represents the neural basis of the cognitive and affective processes that are involved in insight. The insightful brain may involve numerous brain regions, including the lateral prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, precuneus, cuneus, insula and cerebellum. Functional studies have demonstrated that the lateral prefrontal cortex is responsible for mental set shifting and breaking during insight problem solving. The cingulate cortex is involved in the cognitive conflict between new and old ideas and progress monitoring. The hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus and fusiform gyrus form an integrated functional network that specializes in the formation of novel and effective associations. The effective transformation of problem representations depends on a non-verbal visuospatial information-processing network that comprises the precuneus and cuneus. The insula reflects cognitive flexibility and the emotional experience that is associated with insight. The cortical control of finger movements relies on the cerebellum.展开更多
The stability of the surrounding rocks of large underground powerhouses is always emphasized during the construction process,especially in large-scale underground projects under construction,such as the Baihetan hydro...The stability of the surrounding rocks of large underground powerhouses is always emphasized during the construction process,especially in large-scale underground projects under construction,such as the Baihetan hydropower station in China.According to field investigations,numerical simulations and monitoring data analysis,we present a comparative analysis of the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rocks of underground powerhouses on the left and right banks of the Baihetan hydropower station.The failure characteristics and deformation magnitude of the underground powerhouses on the left and right banks are quite different.Under the disadvantageous condition where the maximum principal stress intersects the axis of the powerhouse at a large angle,the left bank underground powerhouse shows prominent stress-controlled failure characteristics such as spalling,slack collapse and concrete cracking.Although the maximum principal stress is in the favorable condition which intersects the right bank powerhouse at a small angle,the relatively high intermediate principal stress with an angle subvertical to the right bank powerhouse plays an essential role in its deformation and failure,indicating that the influence of high intermediate principal stress cannot be ignored.In addition,structural plane-controlled failure and large deformation are also more evident on the right bank due to the extensive distribution of weak structural planes and complex surrounding rock properties.展开更多
RNA interference(RNAi)has become a gold standard for validating gene function in basic life science research and provides a promising therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases.This minireview focuses on the p...RNA interference(RNAi)has become a gold standard for validating gene function in basic life science research and provides a promising therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases.This minireview focuses on the potential of small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)in anticancer treatment,including the establishment and screening of cancer-associated siRNA libraries and their applications in anticancer drug target discovery and cancer therapy.This article also describes the current delivery approaches of siRNAs using lipids,polymers,and,in particular,gold nanoparticles to induce significant gene silencing and tumor growth regression.展开更多
Graphene （G） was prepared by reducing graphene oxide （GO） with hydrazine hydrate. SnO-graphene com- posites with different amounts of graphene were prepared via hydrothermal method. SnO-G composites were character...Graphene （G） was prepared by reducing graphene oxide （GO） with hydrazine hydrate. SnO-graphene com- posites with different amounts of graphene were prepared via hydrothermal method. SnO-G composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The effects of the graphene content in the composites and the hydrothermal temperature on the gas-sensing re- sponses of the materials to formaldehyde vapor were investigated. The gas-sensing selectivity of the sensor based on SnO-1% G （100 ℃, 10 h） composite to five kinds of gases （1000 × 10^-6） was also studied. The results revealed that the sensor based on SnO-1% G （100 ℃, 10 h） exhibited high response to formal- dehyde vapor when the operating temperature of the sensor was 133 ℃ and the response to 0.001 × 10^-6 formaldehyde attained 3.9. The response time and recovery time for 0.001 × 10^-6 formaldehyde were 24 and 12 s, respectively.展开更多
Urban clusters are the expected products of high levels of industry and urbanization in a country, as well as being the basic units of participation in global competition. With respect to China, urban clusters are reg...Urban clusters are the expected products of high levels of industry and urbanization in a country, as well as being the basic units of participation in global competition. With respect to China, urban clusters are regarded as the dominant formation for boosting the Chinese urbanization process. However, to date, there is no coincident, efficient, and credible methodological system and set of techniques to identify Chinese urban clusters. This research investigates the potential of a computerized identification method supported by geographic information techniques to provide a better understanding of the distribution of Chinese urban clusters. The identification method is executed based on a geographic information database, a digital elevation model, and socio-economic data with the aid of ArcInfo Macro Language programming. In the method, preliminary boundaries are identified accord-ing to transportation accessibility, and final identifications are achieved from limiting city numbers, population, and GDP in a region with the aid of the rasterized socio-economic dataset. The results show that the method identifies nine Chinese urban clusters, i.e., Pearl River Delta, Lower Yangtze River Valley, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, Northeast China Plain, Middle Yangtze River Valley, Central China Plains, Western Taiwan Strait, Guanzhong and Chengdu-Chongqing urban clusters. This research represents the first study involving the computerized identification of Chinese urban clusters. Moreover, compared to other related studies, the study’s approach, which combines transportation accessibility and socio-economic characteristics, is shown to be a distinct, effective and reliable way of identifying urban clusters.展开更多
The X56 steel samples was corroded in the medium of salt water solution at the conditions of CO2 partial pressure POM 0.5 to 2.0 MPa, temperature 80 °C and flow rate 1.4m/s. Corrosion weigh loss, composition and ...The X56 steel samples was corroded in the medium of salt water solution at the conditions of CO2 partial pressure POM 0.5 to 2.0 MPa, temperature 80 °C and flow rate 1.4m/s. Corrosion weigh loss, composition and structure, morphology and phase of corrosion films of the samples were investigate by SEM, EDS, XRD and XPS. The results indicated that the corrosion degree was accelerated with increasing POM ? The intense localised corrosion occurred on the surface of samples. The corrosion films mainly comprised of FeCO3 and complex phase products (Fe, Ca....)COj. There exists serious pitting on the metal substrates under the corrosion film. The theoretic and experimental analyses indicate this is caused by existed micropores or micro holes in films, which have the function of mass transportation.展开更多
Next generation communication systems will be expected to operate under environment with high-speed motion and increasing number of antennas where it will be difficult or even impractical to estimate the real-time cha...Next generation communication systems will be expected to operate under environment with high-speed motion and increasing number of antennas where it will be difficult or even impractical to estimate the real-time channel coefficients. For this reason, the DSTM (differential space time modulation) and USTM (unitary space time modulation) approaches that do not require the channel estimation became hot topics in recent years. In this paper, we propose a general approach to designing high spectral-efficiency signaling schemes. A novel modulation, dual constellations space-time modulation (DCSTM), is derived by extending DSTM and USTM theoretically. DCSTM preserves the good features of USTM such as low error rate and the capability of being demodulated without channel estimation. At the same time, it enhances the spectral efficiency and reduces the complexity of the modulation/demodulation. It can be adapted to different data rates and thus has a wider applicable area. Simulation results verify the theoretical analysis and the design of the new modulation method.展开更多
Insight problem solving is characterized by mental impasses,states of mind in which the problem solver does not know what to do next.Although many studies have investigated the neural correlates of insight problem sol...Insight problem solving is characterized by mental impasses,states of mind in which the problem solver does not know what to do next.Although many studies have investigated the neural correlates of insight problem solving,however,the question when mental impasses occur during insight problem solving has been rarely studied.The present study adopted high temporal resolution ERPs to investigate the temporal dynamics of an impasse underlying insight problem solving.Time locked ERPs were recorded associated with problems with impasses(PWI) and problems without impasses(POI).The problem types were determined by participants' subjective responses.The results revealed an early frontocentral P2 was linked with the preconscious awareness of mental impasses and a P3a was associated with fixed attention when the impasse formed.These findings suggest the impasse may occur initially at a relatively early stage and metacognition plays an important role in insight problem solving.展开更多
Vector Viterbi Algorithm (VVA) is an optimal decoding algorithm in multiplechannel environments. It can be applied in coded Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) systems,but its complexity makes its application difficult. T...Vector Viterbi Algorithm (VVA) is an optimal decoding algorithm in multiplechannel environments. It can be applied in coded Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) systems,but its complexity makes its application difficult. This paper proposes adaptive Threshold VVA (T-VVA) for coded MIMO system. By adaptively choosing a threshold according to Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of channel, T-VVA only searches a subset of branchesfor path extension. The easy method to decide the threshold is also derived based on Cheroff bound. Simulation results show that the near-optimal decoding results can be obtained with largely reduced complexity.展开更多
Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network, established in late 1950s and directly constructedand administered by the Science and Technology Department of State Forestry Administration of China,is a large ecology resea...Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network, established in late 1950s and directly constructedand administered by the Science and Technology Department of State Forestry Administration of China,is a large ecology research network focuses on long-term ecosystem fixed-observation. It embodies 15 sitesthat represent diverse ecosystems and research priorities, including 6 state-level sites. CFERN Officecoordinates communications, network publications, and research-planning activities. CFERN uses theadvanced ground and spatial observation technologies such as RS, GPS, GIS to study the structure,functional laws and feedback mechanism of Chinese forest ecosystem, as well as its effects on Chinassocial and economic development. The main tasks carried out by CFERN are: (1) construction of thedatabase on the structure and functions of Chinese forest ecosystem and its ecological environmentalfactors; (2) the database construction of forest resources, ecological environment, water resources andrelated social economy in both regional and national scales; (3) the establishment of an evaluation systemof forest ecological effects in Chinas main drainage areas; (4) the establishment of a forest environmentmonitoring network and a dynamic prediction and alarm system.展开更多
Practice has proved that Hospital Culture and Environment influences economic effects di-rectly. So adapting the newly directed patient market and creating a good hospital culture and environment will take an active e...Practice has proved that Hospital Culture and Environment influences economic effects di-rectly. So adapting the newly directed patient market and creating a good hospital culture and environment will take an active effect on strengthening the competitive advantage. Besides, appropriate forms of artistic movement work in different aspects of patients. They recuperate patients physiologically, mentally, socially and psychologically, and dispel their misgivings and help them regain health.展开更多
Self-assembled monolayers of novel C60 derivative, N-3-γ-pyridyl Aza[60]fulleroid (C60Py), on Au(111) were studied by a scanning tunneling microscope under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). C60Py molecules were assembled on Au...Self-assembled monolayers of novel C60 derivative, N-3-γ-pyridyl Aza[60]fulleroid (C60Py), on Au(111) were studied by a scanning tunneling microscope under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). C60Py molecules were assembled on Au (111) via pyridyl nitrogen-Au interaction. The sole assembly of C60Py molecules on Au (111) only exhibited randoml aggregation of C60Py even the films were annealed at 50 and 105℃. By co-assembling with benzyl mercaptan (BM), the C60Py- BM films showed highly dense aggregation, but C60Py assemblies still had disordered structure. After the co-assembled C60Py-BM films were annealed at 50℃, BM molecules were partially desorbed, but the assembly of C60Py remained without obvious change. After the co-assembled C60Py-BM films were further annealed at 105℃, the C60Py monolayers with ordered structure were obtained, while the BM molecules were nearly thoroughly desorbed from the surface. Here, the BM molecules play a key role as a surfactant in the formation of the ordered C60Py monolayer.展开更多
General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed the new civilization concept of civilization exchange and mutual learning,and the high cultural self-confidence lies in deep civilization exchange and mutual learning.Chinese ...General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed the new civilization concept of civilization exchange and mutual learning,and the high cultural self-confidence lies in deep civilization exchange and mutual learning.Chinese traditional culture is the concentrated expression of country and nation at the cultural and spiritual level.Under the background of civilization mutual learming,it should cultivate the ideological foundation of traditional culture,focus on diversified development of media,build a bridge of communication between countries,and finally realize the construc-tion of the human destiny community and cultural community of“beauty representing itself with diversity and integri-ty”between Chinese traditional culture and other cultures.展开更多
基金Science Fund of Guangdong Province,No.015012Science Fund of Guangzhou,2001-Z-01-2the State 973 Projects,2002ccc0400
文摘AIM: To investigate the influence of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligand, 15-deoxy-△12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCG-803 human gastric cancer cell lines.METHODS: Cell proliferation was measured by 3H-TdR assay. Apoptosis was determined by ELISA and TUNEL staining. Protein and mRNA level of bcl-2 family and COXs were measured by Western blotting and Northern blotting respectively. PGE2 production was examined by RIA.RESULTS: 15dPGJ2 inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis of MlCG-803 cells. The COX-2 and bcl-2/bax ratios were decreased following 15dPGJ2 treatment. The PGE2production in supernatants was also decreased. These changes were in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: 15dPGJ2 may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of gastric cancer.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 40871069)Megaproject of Science and Technology Research for the 11th Five-Year Plan of China (No 2006BAJ05A06)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City (No 9072002)
文摘Based on the analysis of its basic characteristics, this article investigated the disparities of Chinese service industry among the three regions （the eastern China, the western China and the middle China） and inter-provincial disparities of that in the three regions by Theil coefficient and cluster analysis. Then, major factors influencing its spatial disparity were explored by correlation analysis and regression analysis. The conclusions could be drawn as follows. 1） The development of Chinese service industry experienced three phases since the 1980s： rapid growth period, slow growth period, and recovery period. From the proportion of value-added and employment, its development was obviously on the low level. From the composition of industrial structure, traditional service sectors were dominant, but modem service sectors were lagged. Moreover, its spatial disparity was distinct. 2） The level of Chinese service industry was divided into five basic regional ranks： well-developed, developed, relatively-developed, underdeveloped and undeveloped regions, As a whole, the overall structure of spatial disparity was steady in 1990-2005. But there was notable gradient disparity in the interior structure of service industry among different provinces. Furthermore, the overall disparity expanded rapidly in 1990-2005. The inter-provincial disparity of service industry in the three regions, especially in the eastern China, was bigger than the disparity among the three regions. And 3） the level of economic development, the level of urban development, the scale of market capacity, the level of transportation and telecommunication, and the abundance of human resources were major factors influencing the development of Chinese service industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30770708)National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB833904)the Fourth High-level Personnel Training Project in Jiangsu Province
文摘The first neuroimaging study of real-time brain activity during insight problem solving was conducted almost ten years ago. Many subsequent studies have used high-resolution event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the temporal dynamics and neural correlates of insight. Recent results on the neural underpinnings of insight have led researchers to propose a neural framework referred to as the "insightful brain". This putative framework represents the neural basis of the cognitive and affective processes that are involved in insight. The insightful brain may involve numerous brain regions, including the lateral prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, precuneus, cuneus, insula and cerebellum. Functional studies have demonstrated that the lateral prefrontal cortex is responsible for mental set shifting and breaking during insight problem solving. The cingulate cortex is involved in the cognitive conflict between new and old ideas and progress monitoring. The hippocampus, superior temporal gyrus and fusiform gyrus form an integrated functional network that specializes in the formation of novel and effective associations. The effective transformation of problem representations depends on a non-verbal visuospatial information-processing network that comprises the precuneus and cuneus. The insula reflects cognitive flexibility and the emotional experience that is associated with insight. The cortical control of finger movements relies on the cerebellum.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11902210)the Graduate Student’s Research Innovation Foundation of Sichuan University (Grant No. 2018YJSY076)
文摘The stability of the surrounding rocks of large underground powerhouses is always emphasized during the construction process,especially in large-scale underground projects under construction,such as the Baihetan hydropower station in China.According to field investigations,numerical simulations and monitoring data analysis,we present a comparative analysis of the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rocks of underground powerhouses on the left and right banks of the Baihetan hydropower station.The failure characteristics and deformation magnitude of the underground powerhouses on the left and right banks are quite different.Under the disadvantageous condition where the maximum principal stress intersects the axis of the powerhouse at a large angle,the left bank underground powerhouse shows prominent stress-controlled failure characteristics such as spalling,slack collapse and concrete cracking.Although the maximum principal stress is in the favorable condition which intersects the right bank powerhouse at a small angle,the relatively high intermediate principal stress with an angle subvertical to the right bank powerhouse plays an essential role in its deformation and failure,indicating that the influence of high intermediate principal stress cannot be ignored.In addition,structural plane-controlled failure and large deformation are also more evident on the right bank due to the extensive distribution of weak structural planes and complex surrounding rock properties.
文摘RNA interference(RNAi)has become a gold standard for validating gene function in basic life science research and provides a promising therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases.This minireview focuses on the potential of small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)in anticancer treatment,including the establishment and screening of cancer-associated siRNA libraries and their applications in anticancer drug target discovery and cancer therapy.This article also describes the current delivery approaches of siRNAs using lipids,polymers,and,in particular,gold nanoparticles to induce significant gene silencing and tumor growth regression.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61271156)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (No. 1408085MF114)+1 种基金Innovation Team Project of AHUT (No. TD201204)the research project for university per-sonnel returning from overseas sponsored by the Ministry of Education of China
文摘Graphene （G） was prepared by reducing graphene oxide （GO） with hydrazine hydrate. SnO-graphene com- posites with different amounts of graphene were prepared via hydrothermal method. SnO-G composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The effects of the graphene content in the composites and the hydrothermal temperature on the gas-sensing re- sponses of the materials to formaldehyde vapor were investigated. The gas-sensing selectivity of the sensor based on SnO-1% G （100 ℃, 10 h） composite to five kinds of gases （1000 × 10^-6） was also studied. The results revealed that the sensor based on SnO-1% G （100 ℃, 10 h） exhibited high response to formal- dehyde vapor when the operating temperature of the sensor was 133 ℃ and the response to 0.001 × 10^-6 formaldehyde attained 3.9. The response time and recovery time for 0.001 × 10^-6 formaldehyde were 24 and 12 s, respectively.
基金National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program）,No.2010CB950904 National Key Technology Research ＆ Development Program： No.2008BAH31B04 Swedish Science Foundation,No.348-2006-6638
文摘Urban clusters are the expected products of high levels of industry and urbanization in a country, as well as being the basic units of participation in global competition. With respect to China, urban clusters are regarded as the dominant formation for boosting the Chinese urbanization process. However, to date, there is no coincident, efficient, and credible methodological system and set of techniques to identify Chinese urban clusters. This research investigates the potential of a computerized identification method supported by geographic information techniques to provide a better understanding of the distribution of Chinese urban clusters. The identification method is executed based on a geographic information database, a digital elevation model, and socio-economic data with the aid of ArcInfo Macro Language programming. In the method, preliminary boundaries are identified accord-ing to transportation accessibility, and final identifications are achieved from limiting city numbers, population, and GDP in a region with the aid of the rasterized socio-economic dataset. The results show that the method identifies nine Chinese urban clusters, i.e., Pearl River Delta, Lower Yangtze River Valley, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, Northeast China Plain, Middle Yangtze River Valley, Central China Plains, Western Taiwan Strait, Guanzhong and Chengdu-Chongqing urban clusters. This research represents the first study involving the computerized identification of Chinese urban clusters. Moreover, compared to other related studies, the study’s approach, which combines transportation accessibility and socio-economic characteristics, is shown to be a distinct, effective and reliable way of identifying urban clusters.
文摘The X56 steel samples was corroded in the medium of salt water solution at the conditions of CO2 partial pressure POM 0.5 to 2.0 MPa, temperature 80 °C and flow rate 1.4m/s. Corrosion weigh loss, composition and structure, morphology and phase of corrosion films of the samples were investigate by SEM, EDS, XRD and XPS. The results indicated that the corrosion degree was accelerated with increasing POM ? The intense localised corrosion occurred on the surface of samples. The corrosion films mainly comprised of FeCO3 and complex phase products (Fe, Ca....)COj. There exists serious pitting on the metal substrates under the corrosion film. The theoretic and experimental analyses indicate this is caused by existed micropores or micro holes in films, which have the function of mass transportation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No 90104014)the National 863 Project(Grant No.2001AA1230511.
文摘Next generation communication systems will be expected to operate under environment with high-speed motion and increasing number of antennas where it will be difficult or even impractical to estimate the real-time channel coefficients. For this reason, the DSTM (differential space time modulation) and USTM (unitary space time modulation) approaches that do not require the channel estimation became hot topics in recent years. In this paper, we propose a general approach to designing high spectral-efficiency signaling schemes. A novel modulation, dual constellations space-time modulation (DCSTM), is derived by extending DSTM and USTM theoretically. DCSTM preserves the good features of USTM such as low error rate and the capability of being demodulated without channel estimation. At the same time, it enhances the spectral efficiency and reduces the complexity of the modulation/demodulation. It can be adapted to different data rates and thus has a wider applicable area. Simulation results verify the theoretical analysis and the design of the new modulation method.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB833904)Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province (CXLX12_0353, CXLX12_0351)the Fourth High-level Personnel Training Project in Jiangsu Province
文摘Insight problem solving is characterized by mental impasses,states of mind in which the problem solver does not know what to do next.Although many studies have investigated the neural correlates of insight problem solving,however,the question when mental impasses occur during insight problem solving has been rarely studied.The present study adopted high temporal resolution ERPs to investigate the temporal dynamics of an impasse underlying insight problem solving.Time locked ERPs were recorded associated with problems with impasses(PWI) and problems without impasses(POI).The problem types were determined by participants' subjective responses.The results revealed an early frontocentral P2 was linked with the preconscious awareness of mental impasses and a P3a was associated with fixed attention when the impasse formed.These findings suggest the impasse may occur initially at a relatively early stage and metacognition plays an important role in insight problem solving.
文摘Vector Viterbi Algorithm (VVA) is an optimal decoding algorithm in multiplechannel environments. It can be applied in coded Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) systems,but its complexity makes its application difficult. This paper proposes adaptive Threshold VVA (T-VVA) for coded MIMO system. By adaptively choosing a threshold according to Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of channel, T-VVA only searches a subset of branchesfor path extension. The easy method to decide the threshold is also derived based on Cheroff bound. Simulation results show that the near-optimal decoding results can be obtained with largely reduced complexity.
文摘Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network, established in late 1950s and directly constructedand administered by the Science and Technology Department of State Forestry Administration of China,is a large ecology research network focuses on long-term ecosystem fixed-observation. It embodies 15 sitesthat represent diverse ecosystems and research priorities, including 6 state-level sites. CFERN Officecoordinates communications, network publications, and research-planning activities. CFERN uses theadvanced ground and spatial observation technologies such as RS, GPS, GIS to study the structure,functional laws and feedback mechanism of Chinese forest ecosystem, as well as its effects on Chinassocial and economic development. The main tasks carried out by CFERN are: (1) construction of thedatabase on the structure and functions of Chinese forest ecosystem and its ecological environmentalfactors; (2) the database construction of forest resources, ecological environment, water resources andrelated social economy in both regional and national scales; (3) the establishment of an evaluation systemof forest ecological effects in Chinas main drainage areas; (4) the establishment of a forest environmentmonitoring network and a dynamic prediction and alarm system.
文摘Practice has proved that Hospital Culture and Environment influences economic effects di-rectly. So adapting the newly directed patient market and creating a good hospital culture and environment will take an active effect on strengthening the competitive advantage. Besides, appropriate forms of artistic movement work in different aspects of patients. They recuperate patients physiologically, mentally, socially and psychologically, and dispel their misgivings and help them regain health.
基金supported by the National Project for the Development of Key Fundamental Science in China(G2001CB3095)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50121202,50132030&10374083).
文摘Self-assembled monolayers of novel C60 derivative, N-3-γ-pyridyl Aza[60]fulleroid (C60Py), on Au(111) were studied by a scanning tunneling microscope under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). C60Py molecules were assembled on Au (111) via pyridyl nitrogen-Au interaction. The sole assembly of C60Py molecules on Au (111) only exhibited randoml aggregation of C60Py even the films were annealed at 50 and 105℃. By co-assembling with benzyl mercaptan (BM), the C60Py- BM films showed highly dense aggregation, but C60Py assemblies still had disordered structure. After the co-assembled C60Py-BM films were annealed at 50℃, BM molecules were partially desorbed, but the assembly of C60Py remained without obvious change. After the co-assembled C60Py-BM films were further annealed at 105℃, the C60Py monolayers with ordered structure were obtained, while the BM molecules were nearly thoroughly desorbed from the surface. Here, the BM molecules play a key role as a surfactant in the formation of the ordered C60Py monolayer.
基金Phased achievement of project under National Social Science Found-Research on Countermeasures of Multilevel Flow and Digital Communication of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy Information(16CXW027).
文摘General Secretary Xi Jinping has proposed the new civilization concept of civilization exchange and mutual learning,and the high cultural self-confidence lies in deep civilization exchange and mutual learning.Chinese traditional culture is the concentrated expression of country and nation at the cultural and spiritual level.Under the background of civilization mutual learming,it should cultivate the ideological foundation of traditional culture,focus on diversified development of media,build a bridge of communication between countries,and finally realize the construc-tion of the human destiny community and cultural community of“beauty representing itself with diversity and integri-ty”between Chinese traditional culture and other cultures.
