Climate change will bring huge risks to human society and the economy.Regional climate change risk assessment is an important basic analysis for addressing climate change,which can be expressed as a regional system of...Climate change will bring huge risks to human society and the economy.Regional climate change risk assessment is an important basic analysis for addressing climate change,which can be expressed as a regional system of comprehensive climate change risk.This study establishes regional systems of climate change risks under the proposed global warming targets.Results of this work are spatial patterns of climate change risks in China,indicated by the degree of climate change and the status of the risk receptors.Therefore,the risks show significant spatial differences.The high-risk regions are mainly distributed in East,South,and central China,while the medium-high risk regions are found in North and southwestern China.Under the 2℃warming target,more than 1/4 of China’s area would be at high and medium-high risk,which is more severe than under the 1.5℃warming target,and would extend to the western and northern regions.This work provides regional risk characteristics of climate change under different global warming targets as a foundation for dealing with climate change.展开更多
目的分析探讨急诊失血性休克患者中心静脉导管感染的危险因素及病原学特点。方法回顾性分析上海市第一人民医院2016年6月至2022年6月急诊收治的失血性休克并行中心静脉置管的患者,根据是否发生导管相关性血流感染分为感染组和无感染组,...目的分析探讨急诊失血性休克患者中心静脉导管感染的危险因素及病原学特点。方法回顾性分析上海市第一人民医院2016年6月至2022年6月急诊收治的失血性休克并行中心静脉置管的患者,根据是否发生导管相关性血流感染分为感染组和无感染组,采集感染患者的穿刺部位样本及导管头端样本进行病原学检测和药敏试验。分析两组各项基线资料的差异,并以多因素Logistic回归分析中心静脉导管相关性感染与各项影响因素的关系。结果本研究共纳入患者249例,感染组54例,无感染组195例。感染组年龄、置管位置、失血量、超声引导下穿刺、高急性生理功能和慢性健康情况Ⅱ评分(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡscore,APACHEⅡ评分)、导管留置时间和应用广谱抗生素与无感染组相比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄、股静脉置管、未在超声引导下穿刺、APACHEⅡ评分、较长的导管留置时间、应用广谱抗生素为中心静脉导管相关性血流感染的独立危险因素。54例感染患者送检标本检出病原菌中以表皮葡萄球菌最多占44.4%,其次为大肠埃希菌占24.1%,真菌占11.1%;革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素的耐药率最低为3.4%,其次是四环素为34.5%,对阿莫西林的耐药率最高为100.0%;革兰阴性杆菌对阿米卡星以及头孢曲松的耐药率相对较高,均为94.7%。结论急诊失血性休克患者中心静脉导管相关性血流感染的危险因素包括高龄、股静脉置管、未在超声引导下穿刺、较高的APACHEⅡ评分、导管留置时间过长、应用广谱抗生素;常见的病原菌为表皮葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌。展开更多
基金The National Key R&D Program of China,No.2018YFC1509002The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA19040304。
文摘Climate change will bring huge risks to human society and the economy.Regional climate change risk assessment is an important basic analysis for addressing climate change,which can be expressed as a regional system of comprehensive climate change risk.This study establishes regional systems of climate change risks under the proposed global warming targets.Results of this work are spatial patterns of climate change risks in China,indicated by the degree of climate change and the status of the risk receptors.Therefore,the risks show significant spatial differences.The high-risk regions are mainly distributed in East,South,and central China,while the medium-high risk regions are found in North and southwestern China.Under the 2℃warming target,more than 1/4 of China’s area would be at high and medium-high risk,which is more severe than under the 1.5℃warming target,and would extend to the western and northern regions.This work provides regional risk characteristics of climate change under different global warming targets as a foundation for dealing with climate change.
文摘目的分析探讨急诊失血性休克患者中心静脉导管感染的危险因素及病原学特点。方法回顾性分析上海市第一人民医院2016年6月至2022年6月急诊收治的失血性休克并行中心静脉置管的患者,根据是否发生导管相关性血流感染分为感染组和无感染组,采集感染患者的穿刺部位样本及导管头端样本进行病原学检测和药敏试验。分析两组各项基线资料的差异,并以多因素Logistic回归分析中心静脉导管相关性感染与各项影响因素的关系。结果本研究共纳入患者249例,感染组54例,无感染组195例。感染组年龄、置管位置、失血量、超声引导下穿刺、高急性生理功能和慢性健康情况Ⅱ评分(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡscore,APACHEⅡ评分)、导管留置时间和应用广谱抗生素与无感染组相比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高龄、股静脉置管、未在超声引导下穿刺、APACHEⅡ评分、较长的导管留置时间、应用广谱抗生素为中心静脉导管相关性血流感染的独立危险因素。54例感染患者送检标本检出病原菌中以表皮葡萄球菌最多占44.4%,其次为大肠埃希菌占24.1%,真菌占11.1%;革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素的耐药率最低为3.4%,其次是四环素为34.5%,对阿莫西林的耐药率最高为100.0%;革兰阴性杆菌对阿米卡星以及头孢曲松的耐药率相对较高,均为94.7%。结论急诊失血性休克患者中心静脉导管相关性血流感染的危险因素包括高龄、股静脉置管、未在超声引导下穿刺、较高的APACHEⅡ评分、导管留置时间过长、应用广谱抗生素;常见的病原菌为表皮葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌。
