目的掌握南京地区近5年青年男男性行为人群(young men who have sex with men,YMSM)艾滋病和梅毒感染率,分析YMSM感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)危险因素。方法利用2013-2017年南京市MSM人群横断面调查研究,...目的掌握南京地区近5年青年男男性行为人群(young men who have sex with men,YMSM)艾滋病和梅毒感染率,分析YMSM感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)危险因素。方法利用2013-2017年南京市MSM人群横断面调查研究,筛选其中16~24周岁YMSM调查资料进行分析。结果纳入调查的YMSM共1029名。以未婚、汉族和自我认同为同性恋为主,文化程度大专及以上占73.66%。HIV、现症梅毒和既往梅毒总感染率分别为8.65%、4.18%和8.84%,5年间变化趋势均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05)。YMSM通过网络寻找性伴的比例从63.96%上升至73.86%;最近半年发生无保护性肛交(unprotected anal intercourse,UAI)比例从55.86%下降至36.93%,最近一次肛交安全套使用比例从62.00%上升至80.71%,差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,最近半年发生过UAI、YMSM性角色为被插入方和双重角色、现症梅毒感染是YMSM感染HIV的危险因素。结论南京市YMSM人群HIV和梅毒感染率均处于较高水平,大部分YMSM接受过高等教育,今后应长期持续学校艾滋病性病预防控制综合措施的落实。应积极开发针对YMSM的网络干预措施和方法。坚持使用安全套和及时规范诊疗性病是降低YMSM人群感染HIV的关键措施。展开更多
目的分析南京市新确诊的青年学生人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者特征,为优化该人群的HIV/AIDS防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查南京市2015年6...目的分析南京市新确诊的青年学生人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者特征,为优化该人群的HIV/AIDS防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查南京市2015年6月-2018年12月首次确诊的14~35岁青年HIV感染者/AIDS患者699例,收集并分析比较青年学生与青年非学生人口学信息、性行为特征及HIV/AIDS相关知识数据。结果699名研究对象中,男性占96.6%(675/699),同性性行为途径感染者占84.36%(589/699),40.9%(286/699)的HIV感染者是主动检测发现。青年HIV感染者/AIDS患者中,学生人群具有更高比例的非异性性取向(93.4%vs 82.8%,χ^2=14.621,P<0.001)和偶然性伴(80.3%vs 73.0%,χ^2=4.325,P=0.038)、更小的首次性行为年龄(23.7%vs 6.2%,χ^2=45.102,P<0.001)和较低的性病史比例(22.4%vs 30.8%,χ^2=5.394,P=0.020)。学生的HIV/AIDS知识知晓率为86.4%(197/228),其中所有条目均回答正确率仅为34.6%(79/228)。结论男男同性性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)是南京市青年HIV感染者/AIDS患者疫情防控的重点人群,该人群中青年学生群体对HIV/AIDS相关知识的了解不全面,性观念开放,性行为低龄化、多偶然性伴等高危行为突出,应根据这些特征进一步优化防控策略。展开更多
Obesity is a medical condition with excess body fat accumulation to the extent which leads to serious health consequences. Abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity, refers to the presence of excess fat in the ...Obesity is a medical condition with excess body fat accumulation to the extent which leads to serious health consequences. Abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity, refers to the presence of excess fat in the abdominal area. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, contributes to many metabolic disorders including metabolic syndrome （MetS）, type 2 diabetes （T2DM） and cardiovascular diseases （CVD）. The incidence of obesity has increased dramaticaUy in recent yeats worldwide. In China, more than one-third of adults are overweight or obese and 10%-20% of all adults are affected by MetS. The pathogenesis underlying the abdominal obesity remains unclear. The ultimate health outcome of obesity and its related metabolic disorders have prompted physicians to take aggressive treatments （lifestyle changes, pharmacological interventions and surgical therapies） before a serious consequence becomes clinically apparent. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, pathogenesis and clinic features of obesity in China.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the survival rates and prognostic factors in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acuteon-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF).METHODS:Clinical data in hospitalized patients with HBV-ACLF admitted fro...AIM:To investigate the survival rates and prognostic factors in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acuteon-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF).METHODS:Clinical data in hospitalized patients with HBV-ACLF admitted from 2006 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Their general conditions and survival were analyzed by survival analysis and Cox regression analysis.RESULTS:A total of 190 patients were included in this study.The overall 1-year survival rate was 57.6%.Patients not treated with antiviral drugs had a significantly higher mortality[relative risk(RR)=0.609,P=0.014].The highest risk of death in patients with ACLF was associated with hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)(RR=2.084,P=0.026),while other significant factors were electrolyte disturbances(RR=2.062,P=0.010),and hepatic encephalopathy(HE)(RR=1.879,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Antiviral therapy has a strong effect on the prognosis of the patients with HBV-ACLF by improving their 1-year survival rate.HRS,electrolyte disturbances,and HE also affect patient survival.展开更多
文摘目的掌握南京地区近5年青年男男性行为人群(young men who have sex with men,YMSM)艾滋病和梅毒感染率,分析YMSM感染人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)危险因素。方法利用2013-2017年南京市MSM人群横断面调查研究,筛选其中16~24周岁YMSM调查资料进行分析。结果纳入调查的YMSM共1029名。以未婚、汉族和自我认同为同性恋为主,文化程度大专及以上占73.66%。HIV、现症梅毒和既往梅毒总感染率分别为8.65%、4.18%和8.84%,5年间变化趋势均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05)。YMSM通过网络寻找性伴的比例从63.96%上升至73.86%;最近半年发生无保护性肛交(unprotected anal intercourse,UAI)比例从55.86%下降至36.93%,最近一次肛交安全套使用比例从62.00%上升至80.71%,差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,最近半年发生过UAI、YMSM性角色为被插入方和双重角色、现症梅毒感染是YMSM感染HIV的危险因素。结论南京市YMSM人群HIV和梅毒感染率均处于较高水平,大部分YMSM接受过高等教育,今后应长期持续学校艾滋病性病预防控制综合措施的落实。应积极开发针对YMSM的网络干预措施和方法。坚持使用安全套和及时规范诊疗性病是降低YMSM人群感染HIV的关键措施。
文摘目的分析南京市新确诊的青年学生人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者特征,为优化该人群的HIV/AIDS防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查南京市2015年6月-2018年12月首次确诊的14~35岁青年HIV感染者/AIDS患者699例,收集并分析比较青年学生与青年非学生人口学信息、性行为特征及HIV/AIDS相关知识数据。结果699名研究对象中,男性占96.6%(675/699),同性性行为途径感染者占84.36%(589/699),40.9%(286/699)的HIV感染者是主动检测发现。青年HIV感染者/AIDS患者中,学生人群具有更高比例的非异性性取向(93.4%vs 82.8%,χ^2=14.621,P<0.001)和偶然性伴(80.3%vs 73.0%,χ^2=4.325,P=0.038)、更小的首次性行为年龄(23.7%vs 6.2%,χ^2=45.102,P<0.001)和较低的性病史比例(22.4%vs 30.8%,χ^2=5.394,P=0.020)。学生的HIV/AIDS知识知晓率为86.4%(197/228),其中所有条目均回答正确率仅为34.6%(79/228)。结论男男同性性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)是南京市青年HIV感染者/AIDS患者疫情防控的重点人群,该人群中青年学生群体对HIV/AIDS相关知识的了解不全面,性观念开放,性行为低龄化、多偶然性伴等高危行为突出,应根据这些特征进一步优化防控策略。
基金supported by the Major Program of Shanghai Municipality for Basic Research (08dj1400601)Shanghai Pujiang Program (07pj14062)+1 种基金Chinese National 973 Project (2007CB914702)Project for Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus (08DZ2230200)
文摘Obesity is a medical condition with excess body fat accumulation to the extent which leads to serious health consequences. Abdominal obesity, also known as central obesity, refers to the presence of excess fat in the abdominal area. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, contributes to many metabolic disorders including metabolic syndrome （MetS）, type 2 diabetes （T2DM） and cardiovascular diseases （CVD）. The incidence of obesity has increased dramaticaUy in recent yeats worldwide. In China, more than one-third of adults are overweight or obese and 10%-20% of all adults are affected by MetS. The pathogenesis underlying the abdominal obesity remains unclear. The ultimate health outcome of obesity and its related metabolic disorders have prompted physicians to take aggressive treatments （lifestyle changes, pharmacological interventions and surgical therapies） before a serious consequence becomes clinically apparent. In this review, we discuss the prevalence, pathogenesis and clinic features of obesity in China.
基金Supported by National 11th Five-Year Special Major Project for Infectious Diseases(No.2008zx10002-005-6)Collaborative Project between US and China on Major Liver Diseases(No. 2009DFA32450)+1 种基金The Capital Medical Research and Development(No.20072026)the Army Medical and Health Scientific Research Fund of China,No.06H057
文摘AIM:To investigate the survival rates and prognostic factors in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acuteon-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF).METHODS:Clinical data in hospitalized patients with HBV-ACLF admitted from 2006 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Their general conditions and survival were analyzed by survival analysis and Cox regression analysis.RESULTS:A total of 190 patients were included in this study.The overall 1-year survival rate was 57.6%.Patients not treated with antiviral drugs had a significantly higher mortality[relative risk(RR)=0.609,P=0.014].The highest risk of death in patients with ACLF was associated with hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)(RR=2.084,P=0.026),while other significant factors were electrolyte disturbances(RR=2.062,P=0.010),and hepatic encephalopathy(HE)(RR=1.879,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Antiviral therapy has a strong effect on the prognosis of the patients with HBV-ACLF by improving their 1-year survival rate.HRS,electrolyte disturbances,and HE also affect patient survival.
