Following the population expansion, there is a growing threat brought by municipal solid waste (MSW) against environment and human health. Sanitary landfill is the most important method of MSW disposal in China. In co...Following the population expansion, there is a growing threat brought by municipal solid waste (MSW) against environment and human health. Sanitary landfill is the most important method of MSW disposal in China. In contrast to the conventional landfill, this paper introduces a new technique named bioreactor landfill (BL). Mechanisms, operation conditions as well as the advantages and disadvantages of BL are also discussed in this paper.展开更多
The Mesoproterozoic Kunyang rift, which is located on the western margin of the Yangtze platform and the southern section of the Kangdian axis, is a rare massive Precambrian iron-copper polymetallic mineralization zon...The Mesoproterozoic Kunyang rift, which is located on the western margin of the Yangtze platform and the southern section of the Kangdian axis, is a rare massive Precambrian iron-copper polymetallic mineralization zone in China. The Mesoproterozoic Wulu (Wuding-Lufeng) basin in the middle of the rift is an elliptic basin controlled by a ring fracture system. Moreover, volcanic activities in the basin display zonation of an outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring with carbonatitic volcanic rocks and sub-volcanic dykes discovered in the outer and middle rings. The Sm-Nd isochron ages have been determined for the outer-ring carbonatitic lavas (1685 Ma) and basaltic porphyrite of the radiating dyke swarm (1645 Ma) and the Rb-Sr isochron ages for the out-ring carbonatitic lavas (893 Ma) and the middle-ring dykes (1048 Ma). In combination of the U-Pb concordant ages of zircon (1743 Ma) in trachy-andesite of the corresponding period and stratum (1569 Ma) of the Etouchang Formation, as well as the Rb-Sr isochron age (1024 Ma) and K-Ar age (1186 Ma) of the dykes in the middle ring, the age of carbonarites in the basin is preliminarily determined. It is ensured that all of these carbonatites were formed in the Mesoprotero/oic period, whereby two stages could be identified as follows: in the first stage, carbonatitic volcanic groups, such as lavas, pyroclastic rocks and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, were formed in the outer ring; in the second stage, carbonatitic breccias and dykes appeared in the middle ring. The metamorphic age of the carbonatitic lavas in the outer ring was determined to be concurrent with the end of the first stage of the Neoproterozoic period, corresponding to the Jinning movement in central Yunnan.展开更多
Infections of the central nervous system(CNS)infections are critical problems for public health.They are caused by several different organisms,including the respiratory coronaviruses(Co Vs).Co Vs usually infect the up...Infections of the central nervous system(CNS)infections are critical problems for public health.They are caused by several different organisms,including the respiratory coronaviruses(Co Vs).Co Vs usually infect the upper respiratory tract causing the common cold.However,in infants,and in elderly and immunocompromised persons,they can also affect the lower respiratory tract causing pneumonia and various syndromes of respiratory distress.Co Vs also have neuroinvasive capabilities because they can spread from the respiratory tract to the CNS.Once infection begins in the CNS cells,it can cause various CNS problems such as status epilepticus,encephalitis,and long-term neurological disease.This neuroinvasive properties of Co Vs may damage the CNS as a result of misdirected host immune response,which could be associated with autoimmunity in susceptible individuals(virus-induced neuro-immunopathology)or associated with viral replication directly causing damage to the CNS cells(virus-induced neuropathology).In December 2019,a new disease named COVID-19 emerged which is caused by Co Vs.The significant clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are related to the respiratory system,but they can also affect the CNS,causing acute cerebrovascular and intracranial infections.We describe the possible invasion routes of coronavirus in this review article,and look for the most recent findings associated with the neurological complications in the recently published literature.展开更多
目的:研究活化蛋白C(Activated protein C,APC)对大鼠皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤的作用及可能机制。方法:将80只SD雄性大鼠随机分为四组:对照组、药物对照组、模型组和治疗组,每组20只。观察术后72 h内模型大鼠皮瓣形态变化,HE染色观察大鼠皮...目的:研究活化蛋白C(Activated protein C,APC)对大鼠皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤的作用及可能机制。方法:将80只SD雄性大鼠随机分为四组:对照组、药物对照组、模型组和治疗组,每组20只。观察术后72 h内模型大鼠皮瓣形态变化,HE染色观察大鼠皮瓣组织病理学变化,TUNEL法染色观察皮瓣组织细胞凋亡,ELISA法检测血清中TNF-α、IL-6水平,用黄嘌呤氧化酶法和硫代巴比妥酸TBA比色法分别测定皮瓣组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量,Westernblot法检测皮瓣组织中Nrf-2、HO-1、γ-GCS蛋白表达水平。结果:与模型组比较,治疗组皮瓣红肿、坏死程度、病理损伤程度减弱;TUNEL法染色观察,与模型组比较,治疗组皮瓣组织细胞凋亡率减少(P<0.05);ELISA法检测发现,与模型组比较,治疗组血清中TNF-α、IL-6降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,治疗组SOD活性升高(P<0.05),MDA含量降低(P<0.05);Westernblot法检测发现,与模型组比较,治疗组Nrf-2、HO-1、γ-GCS蛋白相对表达水平上升(P<0.05)。结论:APC能改善大鼠皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤,其机制可能与激活Nrf-2/HO-1信号通路,抑制氧化应激反应和减少细胞凋亡、炎症反应有关。展开更多
Osteoblasts of rat cultured in vitro were stimulated with pulsed 50 Hz electromagnetic field and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).The MTT method,flow cytometry and histochemistry staining were used to detect cell ...Osteoblasts of rat cultured in vitro were stimulated with pulsed 50 Hz electromagnetic field and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).The MTT method,flow cytometry and histochemistry staining were used to detect cell proliferation?cell cycle and alkaline phosphatase .The results indicated: after stimulated by 1 mT electromagnetic field,the cells are more abundant,have more S phase percentages,2 mT electromagnetic field have no evident effect on cells’growth;compared with electromagnetic field,the cells stimulated by bFGF are more abundant and have larger S phase ratios.Electromagnetic field and bFGF have no effect on cells,alkaline phosphatase.Therefore ,we concluded that electromagnetic field can enhance osteoblasts growth like some growth factor such as basic fibroblast growth factor,and the osteoblasts’,characteristics was not changed.展开更多
In iron-based superconductors,the(0,π) or(π,0) nematicity,which describes an electronic anisotropy with a fourfold symmetry breaking,is well established and believed to be important for understanding the superconduc...In iron-based superconductors,the(0,π) or(π,0) nematicity,which describes an electronic anisotropy with a fourfold symmetry breaking,is well established and believed to be important for understanding the superconducting mechanism.However,how exactly such a nematic order observed in the normal state can be related to the superconducting pairing is still elusive.Here,by performing angular-dependent in-plane magnetoresistivity using ultra-thin flakes in the steep superconducting transition region,we unveil a nematic superconducting order along the(π,π) direction in electron-doped BaFe_(2-x)Ni_(x)As_(2) from under-doped to heavily overdoped regimes with x=0.065- 0.18.It shows superconducting gap maxima along the(π,π) direction rotated by 45° from the nematicity along(0, π) or(π,0) direction observed in the normal state.A similar(π,π)-type nematicity is also observed in the under-doped and optimally doped hole-type Ba1-yKyFe2 As_(2),with y=0.2-0.5.These results suggest that the(π,π) nematic superconducting order is a universal feature that needs to be taken into account in the superconducting pairing mechanism in iron-based superconductors.展开更多
Recently, it has been reported that the luteolytic ac-tion was the main mechanism of the termination of earlypregnancy by contraceptivest. In addition, some estro-gen receptor ligands such as droloxifene have beenshow...Recently, it has been reported that the luteolytic ac-tion was the main mechanism of the termination of earlypregnancy by contraceptivest. In addition, some estro-gen receptor ligands such as droloxifene have beenshown to inhibit the growth of cultured rat luteal cells.It has been known that 2-phenylindole derivatives couldcompete with estradiol for the estrogen receptor. Theseresults prompted us to design and synthesize the follow-ing six new 3-oxamoyl-2-phenylindole compounds 1a-fand test their effects on the growth of luteal cells, aimingat seeking new lead compounds possessing antifertility activities.展开更多
In recent years,an increasing number of studies about quantum machine learning not only provide powerful tools for quantum chemistry and quantum physics but also improve the classical learning algorithm.The hybrid qua...In recent years,an increasing number of studies about quantum machine learning not only provide powerful tools for quantum chemistry and quantum physics but also improve the classical learning algorithm.The hybrid quantum-classical framework,which is constructed by a variational quantum circuit(VQC)and an optimizer,plays a key role in the latest quantum machine learning studies.Nevertheless,in these hybrid-framework-based quantum machine learning models,the VQC is mainly constructed with a fixed structure and this structure causes inflexibility problems.There are also few studies focused on comparing the performance of quantum generative models with different loss functions.In this study,we address the inflexibility problem by adopting the variable-depth VQC model to automatically change the structure of the quantum circuit according to the qBAS score.The basic idea behind the variable-depth VQC is to consider the depth of the quantum circuit as a parameter during the training.Meanwhile,we compared the performance of the variable-depth VQC model based on four widely used statistical distances set as the loss functions,including Kullback-Leibler divergence(KL-divergence),Jensen-Shannon divergence(JS-divergence),total variation distance,and maximum mean discrepancy.Our numerical experiment shows a promising result that the variable-depth VQC model works better than the original VQC in the generative learning tasks.展开更多
A novel algorithm for word sense disambiguation(WSD) that is based on SVM model improved with automatic feature selection is introduced. This learning method employs rich contextual features to predict the proper sens...A novel algorithm for word sense disambiguation(WSD) that is based on SVM model improved with automatic feature selection is introduced. This learning method employs rich contextual features to predict the proper senses for specific words. Experimental results show that this algorithm can achieve an execellent performance on the set of data released during the SENSEEVAL-2 competition. We present the results obtained and discuss the transplantation of this algorithm to other languages such as Chinese. Experimental results on Chinese corpus show that our algorithm achieves an accuracy of 70.0% even with small training data.展开更多
The promoter region of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35s RNA was employed to construct an intermediate expression vector which can be used in Ti plasmid system of Agro-bacterium tumefaciens. The original plasmid, wh...The promoter region of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35s RNA was employed to construct an intermediate expression vector which can be used in Ti plasmid system of Agro-bacterium tumefaciens. The original plasmid, which contains a polylinker between CaMV 35s RNA and its 3' termination signal in pUC18 was modified to have another antibiotic resistance marker (kanamycin resistance gene Kmr) to facilitate the selection of recombinant with Ti plasmid. Octopine synthase (ocs) structural gene was inserted into this vector downstream of CaMV 35s RNA promoter. This chimaeric gene was introduced into integrative Ti plasmid vector pGV3850, and then transformed into Nicotiana tobaccum cells. A binary plasmid vector was also used to introduce the chimaeric gene into tobacco cells. In both cases, the expression of ocs gene was demonstrated. The amount of oc-topine was much more than the nopaline synthesized by no-paline synthase (nos) gene transferred at the same time with Ti plasmid vector. This demonstrated that CaMV 35s RNA promoter is stronger in transcriptional function than the promoter of nos in tobacco cells.展开更多
文摘Following the population expansion, there is a growing threat brought by municipal solid waste (MSW) against environment and human health. Sanitary landfill is the most important method of MSW disposal in China. In contrast to the conventional landfill, this paper introduces a new technique named bioreactor landfill (BL). Mechanisms, operation conditions as well as the advantages and disadvantages of BL are also discussed in this paper.
基金supported by a key project of resources and environment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No:KZ951-B1-404)the Project 211 of the China University of Geosciences
文摘The Mesoproterozoic Kunyang rift, which is located on the western margin of the Yangtze platform and the southern section of the Kangdian axis, is a rare massive Precambrian iron-copper polymetallic mineralization zone in China. The Mesoproterozoic Wulu (Wuding-Lufeng) basin in the middle of the rift is an elliptic basin controlled by a ring fracture system. Moreover, volcanic activities in the basin display zonation of an outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring with carbonatitic volcanic rocks and sub-volcanic dykes discovered in the outer and middle rings. The Sm-Nd isochron ages have been determined for the outer-ring carbonatitic lavas (1685 Ma) and basaltic porphyrite of the radiating dyke swarm (1645 Ma) and the Rb-Sr isochron ages for the out-ring carbonatitic lavas (893 Ma) and the middle-ring dykes (1048 Ma). In combination of the U-Pb concordant ages of zircon (1743 Ma) in trachy-andesite of the corresponding period and stratum (1569 Ma) of the Etouchang Formation, as well as the Rb-Sr isochron age (1024 Ma) and K-Ar age (1186 Ma) of the dykes in the middle ring, the age of carbonarites in the basin is preliminarily determined. It is ensured that all of these carbonatites were formed in the Mesoprotero/oic period, whereby two stages could be identified as follows: in the first stage, carbonatitic volcanic groups, such as lavas, pyroclastic rocks and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, were formed in the outer ring; in the second stage, carbonatitic breccias and dykes appeared in the middle ring. The metamorphic age of the carbonatitic lavas in the outer ring was determined to be concurrent with the end of the first stage of the Neoproterozoic period, corresponding to the Jinning movement in central Yunnan.
基金financial support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81671819)
文摘Infections of the central nervous system(CNS)infections are critical problems for public health.They are caused by several different organisms,including the respiratory coronaviruses(Co Vs).Co Vs usually infect the upper respiratory tract causing the common cold.However,in infants,and in elderly and immunocompromised persons,they can also affect the lower respiratory tract causing pneumonia and various syndromes of respiratory distress.Co Vs also have neuroinvasive capabilities because they can spread from the respiratory tract to the CNS.Once infection begins in the CNS cells,it can cause various CNS problems such as status epilepticus,encephalitis,and long-term neurological disease.This neuroinvasive properties of Co Vs may damage the CNS as a result of misdirected host immune response,which could be associated with autoimmunity in susceptible individuals(virus-induced neuro-immunopathology)or associated with viral replication directly causing damage to the CNS cells(virus-induced neuropathology).In December 2019,a new disease named COVID-19 emerged which is caused by Co Vs.The significant clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are related to the respiratory system,but they can also affect the CNS,causing acute cerebrovascular and intracranial infections.We describe the possible invasion routes of coronavirus in this review article,and look for the most recent findings associated with the neurological complications in the recently published literature.
文摘目的:研究活化蛋白C(Activated protein C,APC)对大鼠皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤的作用及可能机制。方法:将80只SD雄性大鼠随机分为四组:对照组、药物对照组、模型组和治疗组,每组20只。观察术后72 h内模型大鼠皮瓣形态变化,HE染色观察大鼠皮瓣组织病理学变化,TUNEL法染色观察皮瓣组织细胞凋亡,ELISA法检测血清中TNF-α、IL-6水平,用黄嘌呤氧化酶法和硫代巴比妥酸TBA比色法分别测定皮瓣组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量,Westernblot法检测皮瓣组织中Nrf-2、HO-1、γ-GCS蛋白表达水平。结果:与模型组比较,治疗组皮瓣红肿、坏死程度、病理损伤程度减弱;TUNEL法染色观察,与模型组比较,治疗组皮瓣组织细胞凋亡率减少(P<0.05);ELISA法检测发现,与模型组比较,治疗组血清中TNF-α、IL-6降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,治疗组SOD活性升高(P<0.05),MDA含量降低(P<0.05);Westernblot法检测发现,与模型组比较,治疗组Nrf-2、HO-1、γ-GCS蛋白相对表达水平上升(P<0.05)。结论:APC能改善大鼠皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤,其机制可能与激活Nrf-2/HO-1信号通路,抑制氧化应激反应和减少细胞凋亡、炎症反应有关。
基金This work Supported by National Natural Science Foundation( 10 172 0 93) and the10 th Five-Year PlanMedical Research Foun-dation of PL A( 0 1MA0 88)
文摘Osteoblasts of rat cultured in vitro were stimulated with pulsed 50 Hz electromagnetic field and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).The MTT method,flow cytometry and histochemistry staining were used to detect cell proliferation?cell cycle and alkaline phosphatase .The results indicated: after stimulated by 1 mT electromagnetic field,the cells are more abundant,have more S phase percentages,2 mT electromagnetic field have no evident effect on cells’growth;compared with electromagnetic field,the cells stimulated by bFGF are more abundant and have larger S phase ratios.Electromagnetic field and bFGF have no effect on cells,alkaline phosphatase.Therefore ,we concluded that electromagnetic field can enhance osteoblasts growth like some growth factor such as basic fibroblast growth factor,and the osteoblasts’,characteristics was not changed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61771234,61727805,11674157,11674158,11774152,11822405,61521001,6157121961501222)+6 种基金the National Key Projects for Research and Development of China(Grant Nos.2016YFA0300401,2017YFB0503302,2017YFA03040022017YFB0503300)the start-up funding from ShanghaiTech University,Innovative Research Team in University(PCSIRT)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.20ZR1436100)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.YDZX20203100001438)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Techniques for Manipulating Electromagnetic Waves,Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20180006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.020414380117)。
文摘In iron-based superconductors,the(0,π) or(π,0) nematicity,which describes an electronic anisotropy with a fourfold symmetry breaking,is well established and believed to be important for understanding the superconducting mechanism.However,how exactly such a nematic order observed in the normal state can be related to the superconducting pairing is still elusive.Here,by performing angular-dependent in-plane magnetoresistivity using ultra-thin flakes in the steep superconducting transition region,we unveil a nematic superconducting order along the(π,π) direction in electron-doped BaFe_(2-x)Ni_(x)As_(2) from under-doped to heavily overdoped regimes with x=0.065- 0.18.It shows superconducting gap maxima along the(π,π) direction rotated by 45° from the nematicity along(0, π) or(π,0) direction observed in the normal state.A similar(π,π)-type nematicity is also observed in the under-doped and optimally doped hole-type Ba1-yKyFe2 As_(2),with y=0.2-0.5.These results suggest that the(π,π) nematic superconducting order is a universal feature that needs to be taken into account in the superconducting pairing mechanism in iron-based superconductors.
文摘Recently, it has been reported that the luteolytic ac-tion was the main mechanism of the termination of earlypregnancy by contraceptivest. In addition, some estro-gen receptor ligands such as droloxifene have beenshown to inhibit the growth of cultured rat luteal cells.It has been known that 2-phenylindole derivatives couldcompete with estradiol for the estrogen receptor. Theseresults prompted us to design and synthesize the follow-ing six new 3-oxamoyl-2-phenylindole compounds 1a-fand test their effects on the growth of luteal cells, aimingat seeking new lead compounds possessing antifertility activities.
基金This work has received support from the National Key Research&Development Plan of China under Grant No.2018YFA0306703.
文摘In recent years,an increasing number of studies about quantum machine learning not only provide powerful tools for quantum chemistry and quantum physics but also improve the classical learning algorithm.The hybrid quantum-classical framework,which is constructed by a variational quantum circuit(VQC)and an optimizer,plays a key role in the latest quantum machine learning studies.Nevertheless,in these hybrid-framework-based quantum machine learning models,the VQC is mainly constructed with a fixed structure and this structure causes inflexibility problems.There are also few studies focused on comparing the performance of quantum generative models with different loss functions.In this study,we address the inflexibility problem by adopting the variable-depth VQC model to automatically change the structure of the quantum circuit according to the qBAS score.The basic idea behind the variable-depth VQC is to consider the depth of the quantum circuit as a parameter during the training.Meanwhile,we compared the performance of the variable-depth VQC model based on four widely used statistical distances set as the loss functions,including Kullback-Leibler divergence(KL-divergence),Jensen-Shannon divergence(JS-divergence),total variation distance,and maximum mean discrepancy.Our numerical experiment shows a promising result that the variable-depth VQC model works better than the original VQC in the generative learning tasks.
文摘A novel algorithm for word sense disambiguation(WSD) that is based on SVM model improved with automatic feature selection is introduced. This learning method employs rich contextual features to predict the proper senses for specific words. Experimental results show that this algorithm can achieve an execellent performance on the set of data released during the SENSEEVAL-2 competition. We present the results obtained and discuss the transplantation of this algorithm to other languages such as Chinese. Experimental results on Chinese corpus show that our algorithm achieves an accuracy of 70.0% even with small training data.
文摘The promoter region of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35s RNA was employed to construct an intermediate expression vector which can be used in Ti plasmid system of Agro-bacterium tumefaciens. The original plasmid, which contains a polylinker between CaMV 35s RNA and its 3' termination signal in pUC18 was modified to have another antibiotic resistance marker (kanamycin resistance gene Kmr) to facilitate the selection of recombinant with Ti plasmid. Octopine synthase (ocs) structural gene was inserted into this vector downstream of CaMV 35s RNA promoter. This chimaeric gene was introduced into integrative Ti plasmid vector pGV3850, and then transformed into Nicotiana tobaccum cells. A binary plasmid vector was also used to introduce the chimaeric gene into tobacco cells. In both cases, the expression of ocs gene was demonstrated. The amount of oc-topine was much more than the nopaline synthesized by no-paline synthase (nos) gene transferred at the same time with Ti plasmid vector. This demonstrated that CaMV 35s RNA promoter is stronger in transcriptional function than the promoter of nos in tobacco cells.
