Background: Food plays an important role in human health. A healthy diet contributes to the improvement of the health of populations. A diet high in sodium/salt and low in potassium has been shown to contribute to car...Background: Food plays an important role in human health. A healthy diet contributes to the improvement of the health of populations. A diet high in sodium/salt and low in potassium has been shown to contribute to cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of the inhabitants of Dapaong and its surroundings on dietary intakes of sodium/salt and potassium. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1 November to 15 December 2022 involving 400 adults aged 25 to 44 years. Sampling was done using the probability method and the multistage random sampling technique with proportional allocation. These two methods were applied to select villages, households, and primary targets in each locality according to whether the area of residence was urban or rural. The electronic kobocollect questionnaire was administered to people in households and the interview guide was to resource persons, administrators and community leaders to collect the data. Results: Overall, 80.25% of the respondents had low knowledge of sodium/salt intakes;88.50% had poor attitudes towards the use of foods that provide more sodium/salt and 92.75% had behaviours that were not conducive to reducing excessive salt consumption. With regard to potassium, the same trend was observed in the order of 91%, 72% and 73.75%. Conclusion: The KAP levels of the people studied were not good. The populations are prone to cardiovascular disease. A multisectoral nutritional intervention would be essential to improve the knowledge of the populations on sodium/salt and potassium intakes and therefore favourable to the fight against CVD/NCD.展开更多
Introduction: Worldwide, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing at an epidemic rate. The objective of this study was to measure the effects on lifestyle intervention in subjects at risk of T2D in a West...Introduction: Worldwide, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing at an epidemic rate. The objective of this study was to measure the effects on lifestyle intervention in subjects at risk of T2D in a West African country. Methods: This study involved Beninese adults at risk of T2D randomly selected from 2 groups of villages: control villages and villages exposed to nutrition education, cooking demonstrations and physical activity sessions. Anthropometric, clinical, and biological measurements were taken in both groups at the beginning and end of the intervention, which lasted 12 months. The paired sample t-test was used to assess the effect of the intervention on the lifestyle of people at risk of T2D. Results: After 12 months of exposure to nutrition education, cooking demonstrations and physical activity sessions in the intervention villages, the mean body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and amount of alcohol consumed per week had significantly decreased. Conversely, the mean intensity of physical activity and food consumption score had significantly increased. In the control group, 5.6% of the people at risk developed to diabetes. The relative risk was RR = 0.20 [0.14 - 0.56]. Conclusion: The intervention significantly improved metabolic indicators, intensity of leisure activity and dietary score. We suggest larger studies to better assess the effect of community-based interventions on the lifestyle and health of people at risk of T2D in Africa.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem worldwide. This study aimed at identifying modifiable behavioral risk factors associated with biological factors in people at...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem worldwide. This study aimed at identifying modifiable behavioral risk factors associated with biological factors in people at risk of type 2 diabetes which could be targeted in the design and implementation of appropriate interventions to prevent the disease. <strong>Methods:</strong> 180 subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes (aged 15 - 60 years) were identified and selected at random during a preliminary survey conducted in two groups of villages in northeastern Benin. The study took part on August 2017. Questionnaires were administered to consenting subjects;anthropometric measurements taken and blood samples withdrawn. Blood samples were subjected to biochemical testing according to standard protocols. <strong>Results:</strong> Data was obtained from 180 subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes. The average age of the subjects was 42.76 ± 11.30 years. Multivariate analysis showed inadequate dietary intake score, low physical activity and tobacco use as behavioral factors significantly associated with high waist circumference, high blood sugar, low HDL cholesterol, high triglyceride levels and high body fat percentage. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> There is a possible association between biological and behavioral risk factors.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Urban Air pollution ...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Urban Air pollution is increasingly becoming a major health and sustainable development issue. Several studies showed that Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is one of the main sources of urban air pollution and has serious consequences on respiratory health. As no systematic review focused on the traffic-related air pollution and respiratory health in the target population of individuals working in a shop or in an office or individuals living along the trunk road, the authors conducted the current study to try to fill this gap. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: A systematic review search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Scientific Research Publishing: SCIRP, Web of Science, Google scholar. Studies were included if they meet the following selection criteria: </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) focus on population working or living along a major/trunk road</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) studies had reported clearly at least on the exposure variables related to TRAP</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) the association between TRAP and development of respiratory symptoms or respiratory diseases was established. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">13 articles were selected on the 192 articles that were retrieved in the initial research. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution was determined by using distance to road, traffic intensity and pollutants measured. The main respiratory health problems found were cough, wh展开更多
In arid and semi-arid areas, salinity problems are common due to several factors. In Africa, salinity and alkalinity affect 24% of the continent’s arid and semi-arid areas and about 30% of the African population depe...In arid and semi-arid areas, salinity problems are common due to several factors. In Africa, salinity and alkalinity affect 24% of the continent’s arid and semi-arid areas and about 30% of the African population depends on these lands. This salinity is not without consequences for crops. The objective of this systematic review is to update research knowledge on the effects of salt stress on vegetables and consumers. To achieve this, several searches were conducted in four search engines and bibliographic databases of electronic scientific journals (PubMed, African Journal Online, Google scholar and Cochrane). The PICO-based research question for this synthesis was: In rats consuming mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt, does the consumption of mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt have an impact on the health of consumers? A total of 321 articles were available in the scientific journals explored, only three addressed the effect on nutritional aspects and none of them addressed the health effects of vegetables grown in the presence of salt. The results of these interventions revealed that salt stress altered the nutritional profile of the plants explored. This alteration was reflected in variations in vitamin and mineral content. Moreover, salt stress could also alter the number of fruits on the plants. This systematic review will therefore contribute to the implementation of research on the impact of the consumption of vegetables grown in the presence of salt on the health of consumers.展开更多
Introduction: There are very few programmes to delay or prevent diabetes in Africa. This study aims to evaluate the communication plan implementation to reduce risk factors for Type 2 diabetes in people at risk. Metho...Introduction: There are very few programmes to delay or prevent diabetes in Africa. This study aims to evaluate the communication plan implementation to reduce risk factors for Type 2 diabetes in people at risk. Methods: The cross-sectional evaluative study focuses on the resources used for the implementation of the programme, the activities carried out and the beneficiaries of the programme. The non-probabilistic method was used to select. All target populations under study with appropriate sampling techniques. The performance of the communication plan implementation for behaviour change was assessed through the three sub-variables of evaluation of Donabedian health programmes: structure, process and results. The components assessment was based on the Varkevisser scale. The performance of the communication plan implementation for behaviour change was obtained by the sum of the scores of the three sub-variables. Results: The performance of the communication plan implementation for behaviour change was satisfactory in all programme villages at 89%. The establishment of the research team, the management team and the technical team, the availability of financial resources on a timely basis, the follow-up of nutritionists, sports teachers and peer educators, the implementation of the programme package and the home coaching of the targets were effective in all the programme villages of the study. The scores for structure performance, process performance, and results performance were 100%, 95%, and 83.8%, respectively. The involvement of the entire research team, the commitment of local authorities and the motivation of the targets were also important in the obtained result. Conclusion: This study shows that effective T2D preventive communication is possible at community level in Benin and probably in Sub-Saharan Africa.展开更多
文摘Background: Food plays an important role in human health. A healthy diet contributes to the improvement of the health of populations. A diet high in sodium/salt and low in potassium has been shown to contribute to cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of the inhabitants of Dapaong and its surroundings on dietary intakes of sodium/salt and potassium. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from 1 November to 15 December 2022 involving 400 adults aged 25 to 44 years. Sampling was done using the probability method and the multistage random sampling technique with proportional allocation. These two methods were applied to select villages, households, and primary targets in each locality according to whether the area of residence was urban or rural. The electronic kobocollect questionnaire was administered to people in households and the interview guide was to resource persons, administrators and community leaders to collect the data. Results: Overall, 80.25% of the respondents had low knowledge of sodium/salt intakes;88.50% had poor attitudes towards the use of foods that provide more sodium/salt and 92.75% had behaviours that were not conducive to reducing excessive salt consumption. With regard to potassium, the same trend was observed in the order of 91%, 72% and 73.75%. Conclusion: The KAP levels of the people studied were not good. The populations are prone to cardiovascular disease. A multisectoral nutritional intervention would be essential to improve the knowledge of the populations on sodium/salt and potassium intakes and therefore favourable to the fight against CVD/NCD.
文摘Introduction: Worldwide, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing at an epidemic rate. The objective of this study was to measure the effects on lifestyle intervention in subjects at risk of T2D in a West African country. Methods: This study involved Beninese adults at risk of T2D randomly selected from 2 groups of villages: control villages and villages exposed to nutrition education, cooking demonstrations and physical activity sessions. Anthropometric, clinical, and biological measurements were taken in both groups at the beginning and end of the intervention, which lasted 12 months. The paired sample t-test was used to assess the effect of the intervention on the lifestyle of people at risk of T2D. Results: After 12 months of exposure to nutrition education, cooking demonstrations and physical activity sessions in the intervention villages, the mean body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and amount of alcohol consumed per week had significantly decreased. Conversely, the mean intensity of physical activity and food consumption score had significantly increased. In the control group, 5.6% of the people at risk developed to diabetes. The relative risk was RR = 0.20 [0.14 - 0.56]. Conclusion: The intervention significantly improved metabolic indicators, intensity of leisure activity and dietary score. We suggest larger studies to better assess the effect of community-based interventions on the lifestyle and health of people at risk of T2D in Africa.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem worldwide. This study aimed at identifying modifiable behavioral risk factors associated with biological factors in people at risk of type 2 diabetes which could be targeted in the design and implementation of appropriate interventions to prevent the disease. <strong>Methods:</strong> 180 subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes (aged 15 - 60 years) were identified and selected at random during a preliminary survey conducted in two groups of villages in northeastern Benin. The study took part on August 2017. Questionnaires were administered to consenting subjects;anthropometric measurements taken and blood samples withdrawn. Blood samples were subjected to biochemical testing according to standard protocols. <strong>Results:</strong> Data was obtained from 180 subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes. The average age of the subjects was 42.76 ± 11.30 years. Multivariate analysis showed inadequate dietary intake score, low physical activity and tobacco use as behavioral factors significantly associated with high waist circumference, high blood sugar, low HDL cholesterol, high triglyceride levels and high body fat percentage. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> There is a possible association between biological and behavioral risk factors.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Urban Air pollution is increasingly becoming a major health and sustainable development issue. Several studies showed that Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is one of the main sources of urban air pollution and has serious consequences on respiratory health. As no systematic review focused on the traffic-related air pollution and respiratory health in the target population of individuals working in a shop or in an office or individuals living along the trunk road, the authors conducted the current study to try to fill this gap. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: A systematic review search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Scientific Research Publishing: SCIRP, Web of Science, Google scholar. Studies were included if they meet the following selection criteria: </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) focus on population working or living along a major/trunk road</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) studies had reported clearly at least on the exposure variables related to TRAP</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) the association between TRAP and development of respiratory symptoms or respiratory diseases was established. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">13 articles were selected on the 192 articles that were retrieved in the initial research. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution was determined by using distance to road, traffic intensity and pollutants measured. The main respiratory health problems found were cough, wh
文摘In arid and semi-arid areas, salinity problems are common due to several factors. In Africa, salinity and alkalinity affect 24% of the continent’s arid and semi-arid areas and about 30% of the African population depends on these lands. This salinity is not without consequences for crops. The objective of this systematic review is to update research knowledge on the effects of salt stress on vegetables and consumers. To achieve this, several searches were conducted in four search engines and bibliographic databases of electronic scientific journals (PubMed, African Journal Online, Google scholar and Cochrane). The PICO-based research question for this synthesis was: In rats consuming mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt, does the consumption of mutant or non-mutant vegetables grown in the presence of salt have an impact on the health of consumers? A total of 321 articles were available in the scientific journals explored, only three addressed the effect on nutritional aspects and none of them addressed the health effects of vegetables grown in the presence of salt. The results of these interventions revealed that salt stress altered the nutritional profile of the plants explored. This alteration was reflected in variations in vitamin and mineral content. Moreover, salt stress could also alter the number of fruits on the plants. This systematic review will therefore contribute to the implementation of research on the impact of the consumption of vegetables grown in the presence of salt on the health of consumers.
文摘Introduction: There are very few programmes to delay or prevent diabetes in Africa. This study aims to evaluate the communication plan implementation to reduce risk factors for Type 2 diabetes in people at risk. Methods: The cross-sectional evaluative study focuses on the resources used for the implementation of the programme, the activities carried out and the beneficiaries of the programme. The non-probabilistic method was used to select. All target populations under study with appropriate sampling techniques. The performance of the communication plan implementation for behaviour change was assessed through the three sub-variables of evaluation of Donabedian health programmes: structure, process and results. The components assessment was based on the Varkevisser scale. The performance of the communication plan implementation for behaviour change was obtained by the sum of the scores of the three sub-variables. Results: The performance of the communication plan implementation for behaviour change was satisfactory in all programme villages at 89%. The establishment of the research team, the management team and the technical team, the availability of financial resources on a timely basis, the follow-up of nutritionists, sports teachers and peer educators, the implementation of the programme package and the home coaching of the targets were effective in all the programme villages of the study. The scores for structure performance, process performance, and results performance were 100%, 95%, and 83.8%, respectively. The involvement of the entire research team, the commitment of local authorities and the motivation of the targets were also important in the obtained result. Conclusion: This study shows that effective T2D preventive communication is possible at community level in Benin and probably in Sub-Saharan Africa.
